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Key Highlights
- Diabetes was the most frequently reported medical risk factor among persons with TB in 2024; overall, 22% of all cases had diabetes reported.
- The percentage with diabetes was higher among non-U.S.–born (24%) persons than U.S.–born persons (15%) with TB.
- Other medical risk factors were reported in less than 10% of persons with TB, overall, and among U.S.-born and non-U.S.–born persons.
Data Table
Non-HIV Medical Risk Factors for Tuberculosis by Origin of Birth1 and Hispanic Ethnicity and Non-Hispanic Race:2 United States, 2024
| Total cases3 | Diabetes mellitus | Post-organ transplantation | TNF-α inhibitors4 | End-stage renal disease | Viral hepatitis5 | Non-HIV immunosuppression6 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | ||
| United States | 10,388 | 2,275 | (21.9) | 73 | (0.7) | 154 | (1.5) | 244 | (2.3) | 331 | (3.2) | 663 | (6.4) |
| U.S.-born | |||||||||||||
| Total | 2,298 | 345 | (15.0) | 21 | (0.9) | 45 | (2.0) | 51 | (2.2) | 94 | (4.1) | 199 | (8.7) |
| Hispanic or Latino | 663 | 102 | (15.4) | 4 | (0.6) | 8 | (1.2) | 10 | (1.5) | 28 | (4.2) | 29 | (4.4) |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 110 | 13 | (11.8) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (0.9) | 0 | (0.0) | 3 | (2.7) | 6 | (5.5) |
| Asian | 105 | 13 | (12.4) | 0 | (0.0) | 3 | (2.9) | 0 | (0.0) | 3 | (2.9) | 4 | (3.8) |
| Black or African American | 769 | 111 | (14.4) | 7 | (0.9) | 13 | (1.7) | 27 | (3.5) | 23 | (3.0) | 85 | (11.1) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 85 | 3 | (3.5) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (2.4) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) |
| White | 513 | 91 | (17.7) | 8 | (1.6) | 19 | (3.7) | 10 | (1.9) | 34 | (6.6) | 70 | (13.6) |
| Multiple race | 38 | 10 | (26.3) | 1 | (2.6) | 1 | (2.6) | 2 | (5.3) | 2 | (5.3) | 2 | (5.3) |
| Other race | 8 | 1 | (12.5) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (12.5) |
| Unknown or missing | 7 | 1 | (14.3) | 1 | (14.3) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (14.3) | 2 | (28.6) |
| Non-U.S.–born | |||||||||||||
| Total | 8,016 | 1,921 | (24.0) | 52 | (0.6) | 108 | (1.3) | 189 | (2.4) | 234 | (2.9) | 461 | (5.8) |
| Hispanic or Latino | 3,194 | 746 | (23.4) | 21 | (0.7) | 38 | (1.2) | 64 | (2.0) | 28 | (0.9) | 138 | (4.3) |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 3 | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (66.7) |
| Asian | 2,877 | 904 | (31.4) | 24 | (0.8) | 52 | (1.8) | 91 | (3.2) | 130 | (4.5) | 243 | (8.4) |
| Black or African American | 1,276 | 126 | (9.9) | 6 | (0.5) | 7 | (0.5) | 20 | (1.6) | 58 | (4.5) | 51 | (4.0) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 166 | 61 | (36.7) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (0.6) | 6 | (3.6) | 6 | (3.6) | 6 | (3.6) |
| White | 294 | 43 | (14.6) | 0 | (0.0) | 5 | (1.7) | 6 | (2.0) | 5 | (1.7) | 12 | (4.1) |
| Multiple race | 103 | 21 | (20.4) | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (1.9) | 1 | (1.0) | 5 | (4.9) | 6 | (5.8) |
| Other race | 78 | 14 | (17.9) | 1 | (1.3) | 1 | (1.3) | 1 | (1.3) | 2 | (2.6) | 2 | (2.6) |
| Unknown or missing | 25 | 6 | (24.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (8.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (4.0) |
1Persons born in the United States, certain U.S. territories, or elsewhere to at least one U.S. citizen parent are categorized as U.S.-born. All other persons are categorized as non-U.S.–born.
2Persons who identified as Hispanic or Latino were categorized as "Hispanic or Latino," regardless of self-reported race. Persons who did not identify as Hispanic or Latino were categorized by self-reported race; if more than one race was reported, the person was categorized as "Multiple race."
3One person might have more than one risk factor, therefore the total number of risk factors may be greater than the number of cases.
4TNF, tumor necrosis factor.
5Diagnosed with hepatitis B or C (acute or chronic).
6Excludes diabetes mellitus, post-organ transplantation, TNF-α inhibitors, end-stage renal disease, and viral hepatitis.
Notes
Data for all years are updated through July 10, 2025.