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Key Highlights
- In 2024, 6 large outbreaks of TB were detected, ranging in size from 10–64 cases in each outbreak.
- The median age of persons with TB in each outbreak ranged from 6–37 years.
- In 5 of the 6 outbreaks, at least 50% of cases occurred in U.S.-born persons.
Data Table
Characteristics of New Large Outbreaks1 of Tuberculosis: United States, 2024
| Outbreak | Total cases | Cases reported in 2024 | States reporting outbreak-related cases | U.S.-born2 | Median age | Age 0–4 years | Male | Identified via contact investigation | Experiencing homelessness3 | Substance use3,4 | Resident of correctional facility5 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | No. | No. | No. | (%) | Years | (Range) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | |
| 1 | 64 | 64 | 1 | 21 | (32.8) | 29 | (<1–79) | 8 | (12.5) | 32 | (50.0) | 62 | (96.9) | 0 | (0.0) | 5 | (7.8) | 0 | (0.0) |
| 2 | 16 | 16 | 1 | 11 | (68.8) | 6 | (<1–44) | 7 | (43.8) | 7 | (43.8) | 14 | (87.5) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (6.3) | 0 | (0.0) |
| 3 | 16 | 15 | 1 | 9 | (56.3) | 6.5 | (<1–57) | 6 | (37.5) | 5 | (31.3) | 14 | (87.5) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) |
| 4 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 6 | (50.0) | 14.5 | (<1–67) | 1 | (8.3) | 7 | (58.3) | 7 | (58.3) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) |
| 5 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 11 | (100.0) | 37 | (23–60) | 0 | (0.0) | 4 | (36.4) | 4 | (36.4) | 8 | (72.7) | 9 | (81.8) | 0 | (0.0) |
| 6 | 10 | 7 | 1 | 10 | (100.0) | 31 | (8–68) | 0 | (0.0) | 3 | (30.0) | 2 | (20.0) | 1 | (10.0) | 4 | (40.0) | 0 | (0.0) |
1Defined as 10 or more cases of tuberculosis related by recent transmission during a 3-year period. Ongoing large outbreaks that were detected before 2024 are not included.
2Persons born in the United States, certain U.S. territories, or elsewhere to at least one U.S. citizen parent are categorized as U.S.-born. All other persons are categorized as non-U.S.–born.
3Within 12 months prior to TB diagnostic evaluation.
4Substance use includes persons reporting excess alcohol use, injecting drug use, or noninjecting drug use within 12 months prior to TB diagnostic evaluation.
5At the time of TB diagnostic evaluation.
Notes
Data for all years are updated through July 10, 2025.
See Technical Notes.