Publications

At a glance

Seat belt use is the most effective way to save lives and reduce injuries in motor vehicle crashes. View publications about seat belt use and transportation safety.

Featured article

Close up of a man buckling his seat belt
Wear a seat belt during every ride

Nighttime seat belt use among front seat passengers: Does the driver's belt use matter?

This study explores the relationship between nighttime seat belt use of right-front passengers and their drivers in east Tennessee during March 2015–May 2017. Overall, nighttime passenger seat belt use averaged 86%. However, it varied from 92% when the drivers were wearing a seat belt to 42% when drivers were not wearing a seat belt. These results suggest that drivers might heavily influence their passengers’ seat belt status.

Journal articles

2020

Shakya I, Shults RA, Stevens MR, Beck LF, Sleet DA. State-level seat belt use in the United States: Comparison of self-reported with observed use and use by fatally injured occupants. J Safety Res 2020;73:103-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2020.02.015

2019

Boakye KF, Shults RA, Everett JD. Nighttime seat belt use among front seat passengers: Does the driver's belt use matter? J Safety Res2019;70:13-17. DOI:10.1016/j.jsr.2019.04.004

Beck L, Kresnow M, Bergen G. Belief about seat belt use and seat belt wearing behavior among front and rear seat passengers in the United States. J Safety Res 2019;68:81-88. DOI: 10.1060/j.jsr.2018.12.007

2016

Shults RA, Haegerich TM. Bhat G. Teens and seatbelt use: what makes them click? J Safety Res 2016;57:19–25; DOI:10.1016/j.jsr.2016.03.003

2015

Bhat G, Beck L, Bergen G, Kresnow M. Predictors of rear seat belt use among US adults, 2012. J Safety Res 2015;53:103-106. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2015.03.011

2012

Strine TW, Beck L, Bolen J, Okoro C, Li C. Potential moderating role of seat belt law on the relationship between seat belt use and adverse health behavior. Am J Health Behav 2012;36:44-55. DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.36.1.5

2011

Ibrahimova I, Shults RA, Beck LF. Comparison of 2008 national and state-level self-reported and observed seatbelt use estimates. Inj Prev 2011;17:201-3. DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.028597

2010

Strine TW, Beck LF, Bolen J, Okoro C, Dhingra S, Balluz L. Geographic and sociodemographic variation in self-reported seat belt use in the United States. Acc Anal Prev 2010;42:1066-1071. DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2009.12.014

2001

Dinh-Zarr, TB, Sleet, DA, Shults, RA, Zaza, S, Elder, RW, Nichols, JL, et al. (2001). Reviews of evidence regarding interventions to increase the use of safety belts. Am J Prev Med, 2001;21(Suppl 4):48−65. DOI: 10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00378-6

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)

Often called "the voice of CDC," the MMWR series is the agency's primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. All material in the MMWR series is in the public domain and may be used and reprinted without special permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated.

Rural and Urban Differences in Passenger-Vehicle-Occupant Deaths and Seat Belt Use Among Adults — United States, 2014

Vital Signs: Motor Vehicle Injury Prevention — United States and 19 Comparison Countries

Vital Signs: Seat Belt Use Among Long-Haul Truck Drivers — United States, 2010

Vital Signs: Health Burden and Medical Costs of Nonfatal Injuries to Motor Vehicle Occupants — United States, 2012