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Stoddard solvent
May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
CAS number: 8052-41-3
NIOSH REL: 350 mg/m3 TWA, 1,800 mg/m3 15-minute CEILING
Current OSHA PEL: 2,900 mg/m3 (500 ppm) TWA
1989 OSHA PEL: 525 mg/m3 (100 ppm) TWA
1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 525 mg/m3 (100 ppm) TWA
Description of substance: Colorless liquid with a kerosene-like odor.
LEL: . . Unknown
Original (SCP) IDLH: 29,500 mg/m3
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statements by AIHA [1975] that the atmospheric concentration immediately hazardous to life is probably between 5,000 ppm and 10,000 ppm when high temperature or other factors make these concentrations attainable, and exposure to levels approaching 5,000 ppm should be avoided [Rector et al. 1966]. [Note: A concentration of 5,000 ppm is equivalent to about 29,500 mg/m3 assuming an approximate molecular weight of 144 for Stoddard solvent.]
Short-term exposure guidelines: None
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
Lethal concentration data:
| Species | Reference | LC50 | LCLo | Time | Adjusted 0.5-hrLC (CF) | Derived value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rat | Carpenter et al. 1975 | LC7: 8,200 mg/m3 | —– | 8 hr | 20,500 mg/m3 (2.5) | 2,050 mg/m3 |
| Rat | Vernot et al. 1990 | >5,500 mg/m3 | —– | 4 hr | >11,000 mg/m3 (2.0) | >1,100 mg/m3 |
| Cat | Vernot et al. 1990 | —– | 9,061 mg/m3 | 7 hr | 21,746 mg/m3 (2.4) | 2,175 mg/m3 |
Human data: It has been reported that the atmospheric concentration immediately hazardous to life is probably between 5,000 and 10,000 ppm when high temperature or other factors make these concentrations attainable and exposure to levels approaching 5,000 ppm should be avoided [Rector et al. 1966]. [Note: A concentration of 5,000 ppm is equivalent to about 29,500 mg/m3 assuming an approximate molecular weight of 144 for Stoddard solvent.]
| Revised IDLH: 20,000 mg/m3Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for Stoddard solvent is 20,000 mg/m3 based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Rector et al. 1966]. |
REFERENCES:
1. AIHA [1975]. Stoddard solvent. In: Hygienic guide series. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 36:553-558.
2. Carpenter CP, Kinkead ER, Geary DL Jr, Sullivan LJ, King JM [1975]. Petroleum hydrocarbon toxicity studies. III. Animal and human response to vapors of stoddard solvent. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 32:282-297.
3. Rector DE, Steadman BL, Jones RA, Siegel J [1966]. Effects on experimental animals of long-term inhalation exposure to mineral spirits. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 9:267-268.
4. Vernot EH, Drew RT, Kane ML [1990]. Acute toxicological evaluation of stoddard solvent. In: Acute toxicity data. J Am Coll Toxicol, Part B 1:32-33.