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2-Butanone

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May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)

CAS number: 78–93–3

NIOSH REL: 200 ppm (590 mg/m3) TWA, 300 ppm (885 mg/m3) STEL

Current OSHA PEL: 200 ppm (590 mg/m3) TWA

1989 OSHA PEL: 200 ppm (590 mg/m3) TWA, 300 ppm (885 mg/m3) STEL

1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 200 ppm (590 mg/m3) TWA, 300 ppm (885 mg/m3) STEL

Description of Substance: Colorless liquid with a moderately sharp, fragrant, mint- or acetone-like odor.

LEL(@200EF): 1.4% (10% LEL(@200EF), 1,400 ppm)

Original (SCP) IDLH: 3,000 ppm

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by Patty [1963] that a 2-hour exposure of rats to 2,000 ppm caused no deaths, but 4 of 6 rats exposed to 4,000 ppm for a 2-hour period died [Smyth 1956].

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal concentration data:

 

Species Reference LC50(ppm) LCLo(ppm) Time Adjusted 0.5-hrLC (CF) Derivedvalue
Mammal
MouseRatRat		 Esin and Vigdergauz 1986Izmerov et al. 1982

Pozzani et al. 1959

Smyth 1956

 12,667
13,3337,833LC67: 4,000		 —–
—————		 ?
2 hr8 hr2 hr		 ?
21,333 ppm (1.6)19,583 ppm (2.5)6,400 ppm (1.6)		 ?
2,133 ppm1,958 ppm640 ppm

 

Lethal dose data:

Species Reference Route LD50(mg/kg) LDLo(mg/kg) Adjusted LD Derivedvalue
RatMouse Kimura et al. 1971Tanii et al. 1986 oraloral 2,7374,050 ———- 6,386 ppm9,450 ppm 639 ppm945 ppm

 

Human data: It has been reported that 3,000 ppm is irritating to the eyes and nose [Patty et al. 1935].

 

REFERENCES:

1. Esin MS, Vigdergauz MS [1986]. Correlation between toxicity indexes and chromatographic characteristics of chemical substances. Gig Sanit 51(5):61-62 (in Russian).

2. Izmerov NF, Sanotsky IV, Sidorov KK [1982]. Toxicometric parameters of industrial toxic chemicals under single exposure. Moscow, Russia: Centre of International Projects, GKNT, p. 83.

3. Kimura ET, Ebert DM, Dodge PW [1971]. Acute toxicity and limits of solvent residue for sixteen organic solvents. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 19:699-704.

4. Patty FA, ed. [1963]. Industrial hygiene and toxicology. 2nd rev. ed. Vol. II. Toxicology. New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., p. 1733.

5. Patty FA, Schrenk HH, Yant WP [1935]. Acute response of guinea pigs to vapors of some new commercial organic compounds. VIII. Butanone. Public Health Rep 50:1217-1228.

6. Pozzani UC, Weil CS, Carpenter CP [1959]. The toxicological basis of threshold limit values: 5. The experimental inhalation of vapor mixtures by rats, with notes upon the relationship between single dose inhalation and single dose oral data. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 20:364-369.

7. Smyth HF Jr [1956]. Improved communication: hygienic standards for daily inhalation. Am Ind Hyg Assoc Q 17(2):129-185.

8. Tanii H, Tsuji H, Hashimoto K [1986]. Structure-toxicity relationship of monoketones. Toxicol Lett 30:13-17.