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Dimethyl acetamide
May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
CAS number: 127–19–5
NIOSH REL: 10 ppm (35 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
Current OSHA PEL: 10 ppm (35 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1989 OSHA PEL: Same as current PEL
1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 10 ppm (36 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
Description of Substance: Colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.
LEL(@212 F): 1.8% (10% LEL(@212 F), 1,800 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH: 400 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by Deichmann and Gerarde [1969] that acute inhalation at 406 and 575 ppm causes some deaths and degeneration of the liver in several species of laboratory animals. Although no time period is specified for that exposure, the chosen IDLH is probably reasonable, and perhaps even conservative, because Patty [1963] reported that liver injury was noted only in some rats and dogs exposed to repeated inhalation at 100 to 200 ppm [Horn].
Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
Lethal concentration data:
| Species | Reference | LC50(ppm) | LCLo(ppm) | Time | Adjusted 0.5-hrLC (CF) | Derivedvalue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rat | Kennedy and Sherman 1986 | 2,475 | —– | 1 hr | 2,970 ppm (1.2) | 297 ppm |
Lethal dose data:
| Species | Reference | Route | LD50(mg/kg) | LDLo(mg/kg) | Adjusted LD | Derived value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MouseRat | Bartsch et al. 1976Monsanto 1990 | oraloral | 4,6204,800 | ———- | 8,934 ppm9,282 ppm | 893 ppm928 ppm |
Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.
| Revised IDLH: 300 ppmBasis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for dimethyl acetamide is 300 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Kennedy and Sherman 1986]. |
REFERENCES:
1. Bartsch W, Sponer G, Dietmann K, Fuchs G [1976]. Acute toxicity of various solvents in the mouse and rat. Arzneimittel-Forschung (Drug Research) 26(8):1581-1583 (in German).
2. Deichmann WB, Gerarde HW [1969]. Dimethylacetamide (DMA). In: Toxicology of drugs and chemicals. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., p. 655.
3. Horn HJ [?]. Personal communication. [From Patty FA, ed. [1963]. Industrial hygiene and toxicology. 2nd rev. ed. Vol. II. Toxicology. New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., p. 1834.]
4. Kennedy GL, Sherman H [1986]. Acute and subchronic toxicity of dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide following various routes of administration. Drug Chem Toxicol 9(2):147-170.
5. Monsanto [1990]. 8EHQ-0590-0981 submission on DMF/DMAC to U.S. EPA. St. Louis, MO: Monsanto Chemical Company. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances.
6. Patty FA, ed. [1963]. Industrial hygiene and toxicology. 2nd rev. ed. Vol. II. Toxicology. New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., p. 1834.