2-Pentanone, 4-methyl-
RTECS #
SA9275000
CAS #
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
100.18
Molecular Formula
C6H12O
Synonyms
2-Methyl-4-pentanone
4-Methyl-2-pentanon (Czech)
4-Methyl-2-pentanone
4-Methyl-pentan-2-on (Dutch, German)
4-Metilpentan-2-one (Italian)
Hexon (Czech)
Hexone
Hexone (OSHA)
Isobutyl methyl ketone
Isobutyl-methylketon (Czech)
Isopropylacetone
Ketone, isobutyl methyl
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone (ACGIH:OSHA)
Methyl-isobutyl-cetone (French)
Methylisobutylketon (Dutch, German)
Metilisobutilchetone (Italian)
Metyloizobutyloketon (Polish)
MIBK
MIK
RCRA waste number U161
Shell MIBK
4-Methyl-2-pentanon (Czech)
4-Methyl-2-pentanone
4-Methyl-pentan-2-on (Dutch, German)
4-Metilpentan-2-one (Italian)
Hexon (Czech)
Hexone
Hexone (OSHA)
Isobutyl methyl ketone
Isobutyl-methylketon (Czech)
Isopropylacetone
Ketone, isobutyl methyl
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone (ACGIH:OSHA)
Methyl-isobutyl-cetone (French)
Methylisobutylketon (Dutch, German)
Metilisobutilchetone (Italian)
Metyloizobutyloketon (Polish)
MIBK
MIK
RCRA waste number U161
Shell MIBK
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /human | 200 ppm/15M | JIHTAB 28,262,1946 | |
| eye /rabbit | 40 mg | severe | UCDS** 4/25/1958 |
| eye /rabbit | 100 µL/24H | moderate | NTIS** OTS0535383 |
| skin /rabbit | 500 mg/24H | mild | 85JCAE -,284,1986 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | 300 ppm/6H (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | FAATDF 8,310,1987 |
| inhalation/mouse | 3000 ppm/6H (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | FAATDF 8,310,1987 |
| inhalation/mouse | 3000 ppm/6H (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system | FAATDF 8,310,1987 |
| inhalation/rat | 1000 ppm (70D male/70D prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | TOXID9 60,250,2001 |
| inhalation/rat | 2000 ppm (70D male/70D prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TOXID9 60,250,2001 |
| inhalation/rat | 500 ppm (70D male/70D prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 60,250,2001 |
| inhalation/rat | 1000 ppm (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | TOXID9 60,250,2001 |
| inhalation/rat | 2000 ppm (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TOXID9 60,250,2001 |
| inhalation/rat | 500 ppm (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 60,250,2001 |
| inhalation/rat | 2000 ppm (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | IJTOFN 23,127,2004 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/guinea pig | Lowest published lethal concentration: 68900 mg/m3/3H | Eye: Other eye effects Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased with fall in BP Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | NTIS** OTS0535383 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 800 mg/m3 | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough | VCVGK* -,426,1994 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 4100 mg/m3 | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Behavioral: General anesthetic | VCVGK* -,426,1994 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 12 mg/m3 | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Eye: Conjunctiva irritation Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough | GISAAA 5,8,1994 |
| inhalation/man | lowest published toxic concentration: 2290 mg/m3 | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects | NTIS** OTS0535383 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 23300 mg/m3 | GTPZAB 17(11),52,1973 | |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm/6M | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression | TOLED5 9,137,1981 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 23300 mg/m3 | Brain and Coverings: Increased intracranial pressure Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | VCVGK* -,426,1994 |
| inhalation/mouse | Lowest published lethal concentration: 100000 mg/m3/40M | Brain and Coverings: Increased intracranial pressure Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | VCVGK* -,426,1994 |
| inhalation/mouse | Lowest published lethal concentration: 40000 mg/m3/4H | Brain and Coverings: Increased intracranial pressure Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | VCVGK* -,426,1994 |
| inhalation/rat | Lowest published lethal concentration: 100000 mg/m3/40M | Brain and Coverings: Increased intracranial pressure Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | VCVGK* -,426,1994 |
| inhalation/rat | Lowest published lethal concentration: 40000 mg/m3/4H | Brain and Coverings: Increased intracranial pressure Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | VCVGK* -,426,1994 |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 100 gm/m3 | NTIS** OTS0535383 | |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1000 ppm/6H | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | IJTOFN 23,127,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 800 mg/kg | 38MKAJ 2C,4748,1982 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 268 mg/kg | SCCUR* -,7,1961 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 400 mg/kg | 38MKAJ 2C,4748,1982 | |
| oral/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1600 mg/kg | 38MKAJ 2C,4748,1982 | |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1900 mg/kg | NTIS** OTS0535383 | |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2850 mg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Increased intracranial pressure Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Blood: Changes in spleen | VCVGK* -,426,1994 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4600 mg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Increased intracranial pressure Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Blood: Changes in spleen | VCVGK* -,426,1994 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) | TOLED5 136,199,2003 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2080 mg/kg | UCDS** 4/25/1958 | |
| oral/wild bird | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 100 mg/kg | ENTOX* -,79,2005 | |
| skin/rabbit | Lethal dose: >3 gm/kg | NTIS** OTS0535383 | |
| unreported route/mammal (species unspecified) | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1396 mg/kg | GISAAA 51(5),61,1986 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1996 ppm/6H/11D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight | FAATDF 9,380,1987 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1002 ppm/6H/14W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight | FAATDF 9,380,1987 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1800 ppm/17W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NTPTR* NTP-TR-538 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1800 ppm/104W- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-538 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 450 ppm/104W- intermittent | Blood: Eosinophilia | NTPTR* NTP-TR-538 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 900 ppm/2Y- intermittent | Liver: Tumors | TXCYAC 244,209,2008 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 450 ppm/2Y- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | TXCYAC 244,209,2008 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1800 ppm/2Y- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXCYAC 244,209,2008 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 2160 mg/kg/2W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | RTOPDW 81,421,2016 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 2160 mg/kg/2W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight | RTOPDW 81,421,2016 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 2160 mg/kg/2W- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | RTOPDW 81,421,2016 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 2160 mg/kg/2W- intermittent | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | RTOPDW 81,421,2016 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 900 ppm/6H/4W- intermittent | TXCYAC 333,1,2015 | |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 450 ppm/6H/1W- intermittent | TXCYAC 333,1,2015 | |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1800 ppm/2Y- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors Blood: Leukemia Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | TXCYAC 244,209,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 900 ppm/2Y- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXCYAC 244,209,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 450 ppm/2Y- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | TXCYAC 244,209,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm/7D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | IJTOFN 23,127,2004 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/70D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight | IJTOFN 23,127,2004 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1800 ppm/104W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-538 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1800 ppm/104W- intermittent | Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia Blood: Leukemia Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-538 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 900 ppm/97W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NTPTR* NTP-TR-538 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 900 ppm/104W- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | NTPTR* NTP-TR-538 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 450 ppm/104W- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-538 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1996 ppm/6H/11D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight | FAATDF 9,380,1987 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1002 ppm/6H/14W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | FAATDF 9,380,1987 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 410 mg/m3/2W- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight | NTIS** OTS0535383 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 410 mg/m3/90D- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight | NTIS** OTS0535383 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 4210 mg/m3/6H/4W- intermittent | Endocrine: Changes in adrenal weight | NTIS** OTS0572858 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10000 mg/kg/10D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 -,95,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10000 mg/kg/10D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight | TXCYAC 258,131,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9350 mg/kg/24D- intermittent | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | GTPZAB 17(11),52,1973 |
| skin/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 35700 mg/kg/17W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | GISAAA 53(10),79,1988 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 20 ppm;short term exposure limit 75 ppm | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogen | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 101,321,2013 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 2B | IMEMDT 101,321,2013 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ENTOX* -,79,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | IJTOFN 23,29,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 659,248,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HUTOX* -,577,1996 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 47,1287,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 60,120,2011 |
Standards and Regulations
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION | FEREAC 54,7740,1989 | |
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES | Cancelled | RBREV* -,322,1998 |
| Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air | time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3) | DTLVS* 3,126,1971 |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 50 ppm (205 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 75 ppm (307 mg/m3), JUL2008 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA | MAK-TMW 20 ppm (83 mg/m3);KZW 50 ppm (208 mg/m3), skin, 2007 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | time-weighted average 20 ppm (83 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 50 ppm (208 mg/m3), MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK | time-weighted average 20 ppm (83 mg/m3), skin, MAY2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-EC | time-weighted average 83 mg/m3 (20 ppm);short term exposure limit 208 mg/m3 (50 ppm), JUN2000 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND | time-weighted average 20 ppm (80 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 50 ppm (210 mg/m3), NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE | VME 20 ppm (83 mg/m3), VLE 50 ppm (208 mg/m3), FEB2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY | MAK 20 ppm (83 mg/m3), 2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY | time-weighted average 83 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 208 mg/m3, SEP2000 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND | time-weighted average 20 ppm (83 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 50 ppm (208 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN | Occupational Exposure Limit 50 ppm (200 mg/m3), MAY2012 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA | time-weighted average 50 ppm (205 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 75 ppm (300 mg/m3), 2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO | time-weighted average 50 ppm (205 mg/m3), 2004 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO | time-weighted average 75 ppm (307 mg/m3), 2004 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND | time-weighted average 50 ppm (205 mg/m3); short term exposure limit 75 ppm (307 mg/m3), JAN2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY | time-weighted average 25 ppm (105 mg/m3), JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU | time-weighted average 50 ppm (205 mg/m3); short term exposure limit 75 ppm (307 mg/m3), JUL2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND | MAC(time-weighted average) 200 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 300 mg/m3, JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA | short term exposure limit 5 mg/m3, Skin, JUN2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN | time-weighted average 25 ppm (100 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 50 ppm (200 mg/m3), JUN2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND | MAK-week 20 ppm (82 mg/m3), KZG-week 40 ppm (164 mg/m3), skin, JAN2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS | MAC-TGG 104 mg/m3, 2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM | time-weighted average 50 ppm (208 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 100 ppm (416 mg/m3), skin, OCT2007 | |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) | 8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) | 8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) | 8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) | 8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE-air | 10H time-weighted average 50 ppm;short term exposure limit 75 ppm | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
| National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code 37510; Number of Industries 253; Total Number of Facilities 47027; Number of Occupations 150; Total Number of Employees Exposed 612921; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 110397 | |
| National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 | Hazard Code 37510; Number of Industries 258; Total Number of Facilities 42735; Number of Occupations 149; Total Number of Employees Exposed 435266 |
Status in Federal Agencies
| Organization | Reference |
|---|---|
| EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE | FEREAC 47,26992,82 |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY | |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies | |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0293-8704 | |
| EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001 | |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ketones I, 1300 | |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Volatile organic compound, 2549 | |
| NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (two year studies), October 2000 | |
| On EPA IRIS database | |
| OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #1004 |
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health