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Methane, tribromo-

RTECS #
PB5600000
CAS #
75-25-2
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
December 2018
Molecular Weight
252.75
Molecular Formula
CHBr3
Synonyms
Bromoform
Bromoform (ACGIH:OSHA)
Bromoforme (French)
Bromoformio (Italian)
Methenyl tribromide
Methyl tribromide
NCI-C55130
RCRA waste number U225
Tribrommethaan (Dutch)
Tribrommethan (German)
Tribromometan (Italian)
Tribromomethane

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysisintraperitoneal/rat25300 µg/kgMUREAV 242,111,1990
Cytogenetic Analysisoral/rat1265 mg/kg/5D- intermittentMUREAV 242,111,1990
Cytogenetic Analysisovary/hamster110 µg/LENMUDM 7,1,1985
DNA Damagelung/human100 µmol/L/3HMUREAV 538,41,2003
DNA Damageother cell types/human1 mmol/L/4HMUREAV 741,89,2012
micronucleus testintratracheal/mouse800 mg/kg/48H- intermittentNTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
micronucleus testmultiple/non-mammalian species5 ppmMUREAV 292,83,1993
morphological transformfibroblast/mouse0.05 mg/L/21D (-enzymatic activation step)EMMUEG 37,231,2001
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/mouse200 mg/LNTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium1000 mg/L/2H (-enzymatic activation step)EMMUEG 44,329,2004
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium666 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)ENMUDM 5(Suppl 1),3,1983
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium100 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctionoral/Drosophila melanogaster3000 ppmENMUDM 7,677,1985
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster290 µg/LENMUDM 7,1,1985
sister chromatid exchangelymphocyte/human80 µmol/LENVRAL 32,72,1983
sister chromatid exchangeoral/mouse100 mg/kg/4D- intermittentENVRAL 32,72,1983
sister chromatid exchangeintratracheal/mouse800 gm/LNTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
sister chromatid exchangeleukocyte/rat20 µmol/LMUREAV 300,241,1993
specific locus testoral/Drosophila melanogaster3000 ppmNTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/mouse 5.6 gm/kg (7D prior to copulation/21D pregnant)Reproductive: Maternal effects: PostpartumNTIS** #PB89169254
oral/mouse 47 gm/kg (15W male/15W pre-4D after birth)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
NTIS** #PB89169254
oral/mouse 200 mg/kg (multigenerations)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system
NTIS** #PB89169254
oral/mouse 200 mg/kg (multigenerations)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)NTIS** #PB89169254

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1100 mg/kg/8W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
CNREA8 37,2717,1977
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 103000 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
NTIS** PB90-110149/AS
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 103000 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
NTIS** PB90-110149/AS
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10400 mg/kg/2Y- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 12100 mg/m3GTPZAB 18(4),55,1974
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 12100 mg/m3/2HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesVCVGH* -,581,1990
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 3900 mg/m3/2HBrain and Coverings: Changes in surface EEGVCVGH* -,581,1990
inhalation/rat Lowest published lethal concentration: 45 gm/m3/4H85GMAT -,28,1982
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1274 mg/kgVCVGH* -,572,1990
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 414 mg/kgEye: Lacrimation

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Antipsychotic
TOLED5 15,251,1983
oral/human lowest published lethal dose: 143 mg/kg34ZIAG -,141,1969
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1072 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: DyspneaNTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 933 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: DyspneaNTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
subcutaneous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1820 mg/kgTXAPA9 4,354,1962
subcutaneous/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 410 mg/kgAEXPBL 28,201,1891

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 3500 mg/kg/14D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
EVHPAZ 46,117,1982
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 6500 mg/kg/13W- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 296 mg/kg/14D- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes primarily in glomeruli

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
VCVGH* -,581,1990
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 21000 mg/kg/15W- intermittentBehavioral: Fluid intakeNTIS** #PB89169254
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6230 mg/kg/4W- continuousLiver: Other changes

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
JTSCDR 17,119,1992
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 13 gm/kg/13W- intermittentLiver: Other changesNTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5600 mg/kg/14D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5840 mg/kg/1Y- continuousKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine compositionTOXID9 14,281,1994

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.5 ppmDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 52,213,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 71,1309,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Inadequate EvidenceIMEMDT 52,213,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 71,1309,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 3IMEMDT 71,1309,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 564,179,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 567,347,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 198,239,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,345,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,546,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 636,242,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 654,114,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 608,157,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 254,100,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 55,596,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 769,34,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 831,1,2018

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin)DTLVS* 3,28,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5.2 mg/m3), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3), 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5.3 mg/m3), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5.2 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 1.5 ppm (16 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3), Skin, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPANOccupational Exposure Limit 1 ppm (10.3 mg/m3), MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3), skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5.2 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 0,5 ppm (5,2 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAshort term exposure limit 5 mg/m3, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3), carc 3, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 5 mg/m3, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO BROMOFORM-air10H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (Sk)NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 13160; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 14; Number of Occupations 2; Total Number of Employees Exposed 1473; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 230
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 13160; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 43; Number of Occupations 3; Total Number of Employees Exposed 242

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/91/180323/AS)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:rat
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);no evidence:mouse
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, halogenated, 1003
On EPA IRIS database
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018