Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis-

RTECS #

KI5775000

CAS #

60-29-7
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2018

Molecular Weight

74.14

Molecular Formula

C₄H₁₀O

Synonyms

Aether
Anaesthetic ether
Anesthesia ether
Anesthetic ether
Diaethylaether (German)
Diethyl ether (DOT:OSHA)
Diethyl oxide
Dwuetylowy eter (Polish)
Etere etilico (Italian)
Ether
Ether ethylique (French)
Ethoxyethane
Ethyl ether
Ethyl ether (ACGIH:OSHA)
Oxyde d'ethyle (French)
RCRA waste number U117
Solvent ether

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
eye /human	100 ppm		JIHTAB 25,282,1943
eye /rabbit	100 mg	moderate	FEPRA7 35,729,1976
eye /rabbit	100 mg/24H	moderate	HPV225 -,-,2003
skin /guinea pig	50 mg/24H	severe	HPV225 -,-,2003
skin /rabbit	360 mg	mild	HPV225 -,-,2003
skin /rabbit	360 mg open irritation test	mild	UCDS** 4/5/1973

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
DNA inhibition	embryo/mouse	2850 mg/L	JJATDK 5,1,1985
DNA repair	/Escherichia coli	35670 µg/well/16H	CBINA8 15,219,1976
other mutation test systems	fibroblast/hamster	1 pph	ANESAV 43,21,1975

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/Dog	Lowest published lethal concentration: 76000 ppm		HBAMAK 4,1294,1935
inhalation/Dog	Lowest published lethal concentration: 208000 mg/m³/71M		HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/Dog	Lowest published lethal concentration: 235000 mg/m³		HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects	JIHTAB 25,282,1943
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 600 mg/m³/3M	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough	VCVGK* -,264,1994
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 100000 mg/m³/30M	Behavioral: General anesthetic	VCVGK* -,264,1994
inhalation/man	lowest published toxic concentration: 10000 ppm	Behavioral: Analgesia	HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/man	lowest published toxic concentration: 30000 ppm	Behavioral: General anesthetic	HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/man	lowest published toxic concentration: 60000 ppm	Behavioral: General anesthetic Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression	HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/man	Lowest published lethal concentration: 103000 ppm	Behavioral: General anesthetic Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression	HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 31300 ppm/90M		HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 130000 mg/m³/3H		HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 99200 mg/m³	Behavioral: Excitement	HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 198000 mg/m³	Behavioral: General anesthetic	HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/mouse	Lowest published lethal concentration: 397000 mg/m³	Behavioral: General anesthetic Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression	HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/mouse	Lowest published lethal concentration: 90000 mg/m³/100M		HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 24434 ppm/30M	Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning	TXAPA9 193,9,2003
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 30000 ppm/30M	Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning	TXAPA9 193,9,2003
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 31000 ppm/30M		ENTOX* -,33,2005
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 31000 ppm/30M	Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold	JIDOAA 34,379,1985
inhalation/rabbit	Lowest published lethal concentration: 106000 ppm		HBAMAK 4,1294,1935
inhalation/rabbit	lowest published toxic concentration: 10000 mg/m³/40M	Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve	VCVGK* -,264,1994
inhalation/rabbit	Lowest published lethal concentration: 329000 mg/m³		HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 7 pph	Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease	FATOAO 47,21,1984
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 32000 ppm/4H		AIHAAP 23,95,1962
intraperitoneal/guinea pig	lowest published lethal dose: 2 gm/kg	Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases	AIHAAP 35,21,1974
intraperitoneal/guinea pig	lowest published lethal dose: 2000 mg/kg		HPV225 -,-,2003
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2.4 gm/kg		ENTOX* -,33,2005
intravenous/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 996 mg/kg		HPV225 -,-,2003
oral/human	lowest published lethal dose: 273 mg/kg		HPV225 -,-,2003
oral/man	lowest published lethal dose: 260 mg/kg		85DCAI 2,73,1970
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1760 mg/kg		VCVGK* -,264,1994
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1211 mg/kg		HPV225 -,-,2003
skin/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): >20 mL/kg		AIHAAP 23,95,1962
subcutaneous/frog	lowest published lethal dose: 24 gm/kg		HBAMAK 4,1295,1935
subcutaneous/mouse	lowest published lethal dose: 8 mg/kg		HBAMAK 4,1295,1935

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/guinea pig	lowest published toxic concentration: 1 pph/24H/5W- continuous	Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	ANESAV 42,408,1975
inhalation/guinea pig	lowest published toxic concentration: 10000 ppm/35D- intermittent	Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/24H/5W- continuous	Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	ANESAV 42,408,1975
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/35D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight	HPV225 -,-,2003
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 10000 ppm/35D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	HPV225 -,-,2003
oral/guinea pig	lowest published toxic dose: 7600 mg/kg/152D- intermittent	Gastrointestinal: Gastritis	VCVGK* -,265,1994
oral/guinea pig	lowest published toxic dose: 760 mg/kg/152D- intermittent	Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning	VCVGK* -,265,1994
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 7600 mg/kg/152D- intermittent	Gastrointestinal: Gastritis	VCVGK* -,265,1994
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 760 mg/kg/152D- intermittent	Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning	VCVGK* -,265,1994
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 180000 mg/kg/90D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	HPV225 -,-,2003

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 400 ppm;short term exposure limit 500 ppm	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal No Adequate Data	IMSUDL 7,93,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 140-141,249,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		CHHSA* 9,6,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		DIMON* 39,678,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,33,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,493,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,577,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,649,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NCLNA* 16,503,1998
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NBREV* 5,1,1981
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTAPM* -,727,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 58,252,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 59,364,2011

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³)	DTLVS* 3,106,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 400 ppm (1210 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 500 ppm (1520 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 100 ppm (300 mg/m³);KZW 200 ppm (600 mg/m³), 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 100 ppm(308 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 200 ppm(616 mg/m³), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 100 ppm (303 mg/m³), MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-EC	time-weighted average 308 mg/m³ (100 ppm);short term exposure limit 616 mg/m³ (200 ppm), JUN2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 200 ppm (620 mg/m³), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 100 ppm (308 mg/m³), VLE 200 ppm (616 mg/m³), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY	MAK 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³), 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY	time-weighted average 308 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 616 mg/m³, Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 100 ppm (308 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 200 ppm (616 mg/m³), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	Occupational Exposure Limit 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³), MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 500 ppm (1500 mg/m³), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 500 ppm (1500 mg/m³), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 400 ppm (1210 mg/m³); short term exposure limit 500 ppm (1520 mg/m³), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 200 ppm (600 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 400 ppm; short term exposure limit 500 ppm, JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) 300 mg/m³, MAC(short term exposure limit) 1500 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	time-weighted average 300 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 900 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 300 ppm (900 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³), JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	ceiling concentration 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³), JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 308 mg/m³, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES	time-weighted average 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY	time-weighted average 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 200 ppm (620 mg/m³), OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	8H time-weighted average 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	8H time-weighted average 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	8H time-weighted average 400 ppm (1200 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 32590; Number of Industries 104; Total Number of Facilities 21212; Number of Occupations 78; Total Number of Employees Exposed 272746; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 35683
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 32590; Number of Industries 112; Total Number of Facilities 17282; Number of Occupations 82; Total Number of Employees Exposed 161572

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Aspergillus-forward mutation; Sperm morphology-mouse
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: E coli polA without S9
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ethyl ether, 1610
On EPA IRIS database

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health