Toluene, 2,4,6-trinitro-

RTECS #

XU0175000

CAS #

118-96-7
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

July 2016

Molecular Weight

227.15

Molecular Formula

C₇H₅N₃O₆

Synonyms

2,4,6-Trinitrotolueen (Dutch)
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (ACGIH:OSHA)
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluol (German)
2-Methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene
alpha-TNT
Benzene, 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitro-
Entsufon
NCI-C56155
s-Trinitrotoluene
s-Trinitrotoluol
sym-Trinitrotoluene
sym-Trinitrotoluol
TNT
TNT (OSHA)
TNT-tolite (French)
Tolit
Tolite
Trinitrotoluene
Tritol
Triton
Trojnitrotoluen (Polish)
Trotyl
Trotyl oil

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
skin /rabbit	500 mg/24H	mild	NTIS** AD-B011-150

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
body fluid assay	Salmonella typhimurium/rat	50 mg/kg	MUREAV 262,167,1991
DNA Damage	other cell types/human	50 µmol/L/12H	MUTAEX 28,515,2013
DNA repair	other cell types/human	50 µmol/L/12H	MUTAEX 28,515,2013
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	lymphocyte/mouse	40 mg/L	CALEDQ 20,103,1983
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	10 µg/plate (+/-enzymatic activation step)	NTIS** AD-A080-146
specific locus test	ovary/hamster	30 ppm/5H (+/-enzymatic activation step)	JJATDK 20,441,2000

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/rat	5376 mg/kg (28D male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct	JTEHD6 9,565,1982
oral/rat	3600 mg/kg (2W male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands	NEZAAQ 55,129,2000
oral/rat	2400 mg/kg (8W male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct	WDZAEK 8,25,1994
oral/mouse	3 gm/kg (5D male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)	WDZAEK 5,282,1991
oral/monkey	2250 mg/kg (13W male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct	WDZAEK 8,89,1994

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
intraperitoneal/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg	Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section Vascular: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes	ARTODN 79,705,2005
oral/cat	lowest published lethal dose: 1850 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, allergic	MRCSAB 58,32,1921
oral/human	lowest published lethal dose: 28 gm/kg	Behavioral: Hallucinations, distorted perceptions Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis Gastrointestinal: Other changes	34ZIAG -,610,1969
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 660 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Tremor Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold	JTEHD6 9,565,1982
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 660 mg/kg		ENTOX* -,391,2005
oral/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kg	Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis	MRCSAB 58,32,1921
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 795 mg/kg		ENTOX* -,391,2005
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 607 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Inflammation, necrosis or scarring of bladder	IJTOFN 19,169,2000
subcutaneous/cat	lowest published lethal dose: 200 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, allergic	MRCSAB 58,32,1921
subcutaneous/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kg	Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis	MRCSAB 58,32,1921
Tank with water/Minnow	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2.3 mg/L/10D		EESADV 73,718,2010

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/Dog	lowest published toxic dose: 182 mg/kg/13W- continuous	Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Normocytic anemia Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	JTEHD6 9,565,1982
oral/Dog	lowest published toxic dose: 1456 mg/kg/26W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Normocytic anemia Blood: Changes in spleen	TXCYAC 63,233,1990
oral/domestic bird	lowest published toxic dose: 3400 mg/kg/17D- intermittent	Behavioral: Tremor Behavioral: Ataxia Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	IJTOFN 24,221,2005
oral/domestic bird	lowest published toxic dose: 6200 mg/kg/31D- intermittent	Behavioral: Tremor Behavioral: Ataxia Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	IJTOFN 24,221,2005
oral/domestic bird	lowest published toxic dose: 4200 mg/kg/60D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Hemorrhage	IJTOFN 24,221,2005
oral/domestic bird	lowest published toxic dose: 2000 mg/kg/10D- intermittent	Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	IJTOFN 24,221,2005
oral/domestic bird	lowest published toxic dose: 7200 mg/kg/60D- intermittent	Gastrointestinal: Decreased motility or constipation Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight	IJTOFN 24,221,2005
oral/domestic bird	lowest published toxic dose: 7200 mg/kg/60D- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Changes in ovarian weight	IJTOFN 24,221,2005
oral/domestic bird	lowest published toxic dose: 12000 mg/kg/60D- intermittent	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)	IJTOFN 24,221,2005
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 7700 mg/kg/14D- continuous	Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight	IJTOFN 19,5,2000
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 924 mg/kg/14D- continuous	Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response	IJTOFN 19,5,2000
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 3962 mg/kg/14D- continuous	Endocrine: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen	IJTOFN 19,5,2000
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 2030 mg/kg/14D- continuous	Blood: Changes in spleen	IJTOFN 19,5,2000
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 11 mg/kg/13W- continuous	Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Blood: Changes in spleen	JTEHD6 9,565,1982
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 3600 mg/kg/6W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases	JOCHFV 40,276,1998
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 560 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)	WDZAEK 6,135,1992
oral/quail	lowest published toxic dose: 1358 mg/kg/14D- continuous	Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes	TOXID9 54,29,2000
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 531 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Inflammation, necrosis or scarring of bladder Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	IJTOFN 19,169,2000
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 7200 mg/kg/6W- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight	TOLED5 55,343,1991
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 11375 mg/kg/13W- continuous	Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Blood: Normocytic anemia Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	TXCYAC 32,253,1984
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 3 gm/kg/30D- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Monoamine oxidase Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport	GTPZAB 18(10),57,1974
subcutaneous/rabbit	lowest published toxic dose: 4550 mg/kg/13W- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Blood: Other changes Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count	NEZAAQ 18,175,1963
unreported route/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 2800 mg/kg/8W- intermittent	Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)	WDZAEK 6,75,1992

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³ (skin)	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence	IMEMDT 65,449,1996
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence	IMEMDT 65,449,1996
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Group 3	IMEMDT 65,449,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTIS** AD778-725
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		CRTXB2 1(1),93,1971
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		PAREAQ 4,1,1952
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 134,17,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		DIMON* 39,678,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,391,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 31,17,2016

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 0.2 ppm (0.5 mg/m³) (skin)	DTLVS* 3,270,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypt	time-weighted average 0.5 mg/m³, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 0.5 mg/m³, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 0.01 ppm (0.1 mg/m³);KZW 0.04 ppm (0.4 mg/m³), skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 0.2 mg/m³, skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 0.5 mg/m³, Skin, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY	time-weighted average 0.09 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 0.36 mg/m³, Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	Occupational Exposure Limit 0.1 mg/m³, skin, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 0.5 mg/m³, skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 0.5 mg/m³, skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 0,1 mg/m³, JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) 1 mg/m³, MAC(short term exposure limit) 3 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 0.5 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³;short term exposure limit 0.2 mg/m³, Skin, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 0.01 ppm (0.1 mg/m³), KZG-week 0.02 ppm, carc 3, skin, sen, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 0.1 mg/m³, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES	time-weighted average 1.5 mg/m³, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY	time-weighted average 1.5 mg/m³, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 0.5 mg/m³, skin, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	8H time-weighted average 1.50 mg/m³ (skin)	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 1.50 mg/m³ (skin)	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	8H time-weighted average 1.50 mg/m³ (skin)	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	8H time-weighted average 1.50 mg/m³ (skin)	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE-air	10H time-weighted average 0.5 mg/m³ (Sk)	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 74550; Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 10; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 31

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/95/264297/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #44

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health