Propyl alcohol

RTECS #

UH8225000

CAS #

71-23-8
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2018

Molecular Weight

60.11

Molecular Formula

C₃H₈O

Synonyms

1-Hydroxypropane
1-Propanol
1-Propyl alcohol
Alcool propilico (Italian)
Alcool propylique (French)
Ethyl carbinol
n-Propanol
n-Propyl alcohol
n-Propyl alcohol (ACGIH:OSHA)
n-Propyl alkohol (German)
Optal
Osmosol Extra
Propan-1-ol
Propanol
Propanol-1
Propanole (German)
Propanolen (Dutch)
Propanoli (Italian)
Propylic alcohol
Propylowy alkohol (Polish)

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
eye /rabbit	20 mg/24H	moderate	85JCAE -,191,1986
skin /human	100%/47H	mild	CODEDG 39,240,1998
skin /human	100%/24H	mild	CODEDG 68,192,1988
skin /rabbit	500 mg open irritation test	mild	UCDS** 6/28/1972

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
mutation in microorganisms	/Escherichia coli	4 pph (-enzymatic activation step)	ABMGAJ 23,843,1969
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction	/Aspergillus nidulans	18000 ppm	MUREAV 215,187,1989

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	7000 ppm/7H (6W male)	Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)	NTOTDY 7,779,1985
inhalation/rat	7000 ppm/7H (1-19D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)	FCTOD7 26,247,1988
inhalation/rat	10000 ppm/7H (1-19D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system	FCTOD7 26,247,1988

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 50 gm/kg/81W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Blood: Leukemia	ARGEAR 45,19,1975
subcutaneous/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 6 gm/kg/95W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Blood: Leukemia	ARGEAR 45,19,1975

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 220 mmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesis	TIVIEQ 3,189,1989
In Vitro/Rat, myocard	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 150 mmol/L/6H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 26,849,2012
In Vitro/Rat, neurons	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 2.5 mmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity (prelabeled cells): release of radioactive isotopes ([51Cr], [3H]-thymidine, [3H]-proline, [35S]- or [75Se]-methionine, 5-[125I]-2-deoxy-uridine) or fluorescent dyes (bis-carboxyethyl-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) or calcein-AM)	TOXRE* 2,729,2015
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 48000 mg/m³	Behavioral: General anesthetic Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	VCVGK* -,96,1984
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 48 gm/m³		GTPZAB 18(3),48,1974
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 4000 ppm/4H		AMIHBC 10,61,1954
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 9800 mg/m³/4H	Behavioral: General anesthetic Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	VCVGK* -,96,1984
intraperitoneal/guinea pig	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1208 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intraperitoneal/hamster	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2338 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3125 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intraperitoneal/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 515 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intraperitoneal/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2164 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intravenous/cat	lowest published lethal dose: 4008 mg/kg		JPETAB 16,1,1920
intravenous/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 697 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intravenous/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 483 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intravenous/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 590 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
oral/Dog	lowest published lethal dose: 3 gm/kg	Gastrointestinal: Other changes Blood: Hemorrhage	COREAF 81,192,1875
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6800 mg/kg		PSDTAP 9,276,1968
oral/mouse	lowest published lethal dose: 140 mg/kg	Behavioral: General anesthetic	VCVGK* -,96,1984
oral/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 3500 mg/kg	Behavioral: General anesthetic	VCVGK* -,96,1984
oral/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2825 mg/kg		IMSUAI 41,31,1972
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1870 mg/kg		AMIHBC 10,61,1954
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2200 mg/kg	Behavioral: General anesthetic	VCVGK* -,96,1984
oral/woman	lowest published lethal dose: 5700 mg/kg	Cardiac: Other changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	ATXKA8 16,84,1956
skin/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5040 mg/kg		AMIHBC 10,61,1954
subcutaneous/Dog	lowest published lethal dose: 4 gm/kg	Gastrointestinal: Other changes Blood: Hemorrhage	COREAF 81,192,1875
subcutaneous/mammal (species unspecified)	lowest published lethal dose: 5 gm/kg	Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change Behavioral: General anesthetic Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	ATXKA8 16,84,1956
subcutaneous/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4700 mg/kg		TXAPA9 18,185,1971
subcutaneous/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 3 gm/kg		BDBU** -,-,1930
unreported route/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 4500 mg/kg		THMOAM 6,327,1892

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 20 mg/m³/24H/90D- continuous	Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Multiple effects	VCVGK* -,98,1994
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 7 mL/kg/7D- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Effect on specific coenzyme: B vitamins including folate	JDGRAX 10(1-2),25,1978

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 100 ppm	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 140-141,53,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 32,142,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 58,252,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 59,364,2011

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION		FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES	Cancelled	RBREV* -,290,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 200 ppm (490 mg/m³)	DTLVS* 3,217,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 200 ppm (492 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 250 ppm (614 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 200 ppm (500 mg/m³), 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 200 ppm (499 mg/m³), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	short term exposure limit 250 ppm (623 mg/m³), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 200 ppm (500 mg/m³), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 200 ppm (500 mg/m³), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 200 ppm (500 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 200 ppm (500 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 250 ppm (625 mg/m³), skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 200 ppm (500 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 250 ppm (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 200 ppm (492 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 250 ppm (614 mg/m³), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 100 ppm (245 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 200 ppm (491 mg/m³); short term exposure limit 250 ppm (614 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) 200 mg/m³, MAC(short term exposure limit) 600 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	time-weighted average 10 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 30 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 150 ppm (350 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 250 ppm (600 mg/m³), JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 200 ppm (500 mg/m³), skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY	time-weighted average 200 ppm (500 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 200 ppm (500 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 250 ppm (625 mg/m³), skin, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (500 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (500 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (500 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (500 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO PROPYL ALCOHOL-air	time-weighted average 200 ppm (Sk);short term exposure limit 250 ppm (Sk)	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code M0256; Number of Industries 130; Total Number of Facilities 17036; Number of Occupations 99; Total Number of Employees Exposed 226129; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 84196
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code M0256; Number of Industries 151; Total Number of Facilities 18176; Number of Occupations 103; Total Number of Employees Exposed 122603

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro SCE-nonhuman
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Alcohols II, 1401

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health