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1-Propanol, 2,3-epoxy-

RTECS #
UB4375000
CAS #
556-52-5
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
74.09
Molecular Formula
C3H6O2
Synonyms
2,3-Epoxy-1-propanol (ACGIH:OSHA)
2,3-Epoxypropanol
3-Hydroxy-1,2-epoxypropane
Epihydrin alcohol
Glycide
Glycidol
Glycidol (ACGIH:OSHA)
Glycidyl alcohol
Methanol, oxiranyl-
NCI-C55549

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
eye /rabbit 2 mg/24H severe85JCAE -,769,1986
skin /rabbit 558 mg/3D moderateAMIHAB 14,250,1956
skin /rabbit 100 mg/24H moderate85JCAE -,769,1986

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysislymphocyte/human400 µmol/LMUREAV 91,243,1981
Cytogenetic Analysisintraperitoneal/rat320 mg/kgFCTOD7 22,665,1984
Cytogenetic Analysisoral/rat600 mg/kgFCTOD7 22,665,1984
Cytogenetic Analysisovary/hamster12500 µg/LNTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster250 mg/L/6HFCTOD7 50,3927,2012
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster100 mg/L/24HFCTOD7 50,3927,2012
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster60 mg/L/48HFCTOD7 50,3927,2012
DNA Damageovary/hamster20 mg/L/3HFCTOD7 45,41,2007
DNA Damageother cell types/mouse0.31 mmol/LMUREAV 715,25,2011
DNA Damageoral/rat400 mg/kg/1DMUREAV 769,1,2014
DNA Damagekidney/rat20 mg/L/24HFCTOD7 89,1,2016
DNA Damagekidney/human20 mg/L/24HFCTOD7 89,1,2016
DNA Damageovary/hamster10 mmol/L/1HMUREAV 805,38,2016
DNA repair/Escherichia coli10 gm/LMUREAV 130,141,1984
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Saccharomyes cerevisiae2500 ppmJJIND8 62,901,1979
heritable translocation testoral/Drosophila melanogaster1230 ppmNTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990
micronucleus testintraperitoneal/mouse120 mg/kgFCTOD7 100,168,2017
micronucleus testoral/mouse200 mg/kg/2DFCTOD7 50,3927,2012
morphological transformembryo/hamster10 µg/LIJCNAW 19,642,1977
morphological transformfibroblast/mouse0.001 pph/21D (-enzymatic activation step)EMMUEG 37,231,2001
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/mouse1250 µg/kgNTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslung/hamster1 µmol/LCRNGDP 11,497,1990
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium2500 µg/plate/48HFCTOD7 50,3927,2012
mutation in microorganisms/Neurospora crassa500 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)GENTAE 40,890,1955
mutation in microorganisms/Klebsiella pneumoniae200 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 89,269,1981
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium3 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 172,105,1986
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli500 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)TOLED5 4,103,1979
other mutation test systems/Escherichia coli1 mmol/LMUREAV 231,205,1990
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctionoral/Drosophila melanogaster3690 ppmNTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990
sister chromatid exchangelymphocyte/human50 µmol/LMUREAV 91,243,1981
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster10100 µg/LNTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990
sister chromatid exchangelung/hamster1250 µmol/LMUREAV 249,55,1991
specific locus testother cell types/mouse30 gm/L/24HEMMUEG 45,80,2005

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intraperitoneal/rat 500 mg/kg (5D male)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)BCSTB5 1,523,1973
oral/mouse 2 gm/kg (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)JTEHD6 9,87,1982
oral/mouse 6825 mg/kg (13W male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990
oral/rat 180 mg/kg (12D male)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)NATUAS 226,87,1970
oral/rat 18200 mg/kg (13W male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 25750 mg/kg/2Y- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 12875 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
NTIS** PB90-259094
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 12875 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
NTIS** PB90-259094
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 19312.5 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Brain and Coverings: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
NTIS** PB90-259094
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 19312.5 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
NTIS** PB90-259094
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 38625 mg/kg/2Y- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Hamster, lung Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 217 mg/L/6HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assayFCTOD7 50,3927,2012
In Vitro/Hamster, lung Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 105.4 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assayFCTOD7 50,3927,2012
In Vitro/Hamster, lung Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 50.1 mg/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assayFCTOD7 50,3927,2012
In Vitro/Human, kidney Inhibitor Concentration Low: 60 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.FCTOD7 89,1,2016
In Vitro/Rat, kidney Inhibitor Concentration Low: 60 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.FCTOD7 89,1,2016
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/4HTPKVAL 15,97,1979
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 450 ppm/4HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Emphysema

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
AMIHAB 14,250,1956
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1069 mg/m3/4HBehavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease
TPKVAL 15,97,1979
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1260 mg/m3/4HTPKVAL 15,97,1979
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 580 ppm/8HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Emphysema

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
AMIHAB 14,250,1956
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/4HTPKVAL 15,97,1979
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 mg/kgPSEBAA 35,98,1936
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kgBlood: Other changesFCTOD7 100,168,2017
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 200 mg/kgFCTXAV 19,347,1981
ocular/rabbit lowest published toxic dose: 100 pphEye: Lacrimation

Eye: Conjunctiva irritation
TPKVAL 15,97,1979
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 431 mg/kgGTPZAB 24(3),42,1980
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 431 mg/kgBehavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease
TPKVAL 15,97,1979
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 420 mg/kgFCTXAV 19,347,1981
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kgNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainMUREAV 769,1,2014
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kgKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changesMUREAV 769,1,2014
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1980 mg/kgAMIHAB 14,250,1956

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/guinea pig lowest published toxic concentration: 125 mg/m3/4H/17W- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNSGTPZAB 24(3),42,1980
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 125 mg/m3/4H/17W- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changes
GTPZAB 24(3),42,1980
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 9600 mg/kg/16D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 27300 mg/kg/13W- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Demyelination

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 3500 mg/kg/14D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response
NTPTR* IMM-91019
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 3500 mg/kg/14D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response
NTPTR* IMM-91019
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 350 mg/kg/14D- intermittentBlood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response
NTPTR* IMM-91019
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5600 mg/kg/28D- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
TOLED5 224,424,2014
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5600 mg/kg/28D- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changesTXAPA9 279,150,2014
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5600 mg/kg/28D- intermittentTXAPA9 279,150,2014
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 9600 mg/kg/16D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 36400 mg/kg/13W- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Endocrine: Other changes
NTPTR* NTP-TR-374,1990

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 2 ppmDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Inadequate EvidenceIMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2AIMEMDT 77,564,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 44,1699,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 672,17,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHTOPA* 1,501,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 751,49,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 769,34,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 783,66,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 802,1,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 31,347,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 53,134,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 55,52,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 33,179,2018

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3)DTLVS* 3,121,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 25 ppm (76 mg/m3), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIATRK -TMW 50 ppm (150 mg/m3);KZW 50 ppm (150 mg/m3), skin, sen, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 2 ppm (6.2 mg/m3), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKceiling concentration 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3), carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 2 ppm (6.1 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 25 ppm (75 mg/m3), C2 Carcinogen, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDshort term exposure limit 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN2A carc, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 25 ppm (75 mg/m3), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 25 ppm (75 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 100 ppm (300 mg/m3), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 25 ppm (76 mg/m3), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 25 ppm (75 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 2 ppm (6 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAshort term exposure limit 5 mg/m3, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDcarc 2, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO GLYCIDOL-air10H time-weighted average 25 ppmNIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 35120; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 88; Number of Occupations 10; Total Number of Employees Exposed 4872; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 580

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: SHE-clonal assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test; S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: N crassa-reversion; E coli polA without S9
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S pombe-reversion
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULEFEREAC 47,26992,82
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:mouse,rat
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Glycidol, 1608
NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens,2016:Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogen
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (prechronic studies), October 2000
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018