Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-
RTECS #
LQ2100000
CAS #
Updated
December 2018
Molecular Weight
73.11
Molecular Formula
C3H7NO
Synonyms
Dimethyl formamide
Dimethylamid kyseliny mravenci (Czech)
Dimethylformamid (German)
Dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide (ACGIH:OSHA)
Dimetilformamide (Italian)
Dimetylformamidu (Czech)
DMF
DMFA
Dwumetyloformamid (Polish)
N,N-Dimethyl formamide
N,N-Dimethylformamide
N,N-Dimethylmethanamide
NCI-C60913
N-Formyldimethylamine
NSC 5356
U-4224
Dimethylamid kyseliny mravenci (Czech)
Dimethylformamid (German)
Dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide (ACGIH:OSHA)
Dimetilformamide (Italian)
Dimetylformamidu (Czech)
DMF
DMFA
Dwumetyloformamid (Polish)
N,N-Dimethyl formamide
N,N-Dimethylformamide
N,N-Dimethylmethanamide
NCI-C60913
N-Formyldimethylamine
NSC 5356
U-4224
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /rabbit | 100 mg rinse | severe | DCTODJ 9,147,1986 |
| eye /rabbit | 100% rinse | severe | CRTXB2 31,139,2001 |
| skin /human | 100%/24H | mild | BJIMAG 13,51,1956 |
| skin /woman | 0.1% | CRTXB2 31,139,2001 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytogenetic Analysis | inhalation/human | 12300 µg/m3/1Y | ZHYGAM 31,366,1985 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | lymphocyte/human | 100 nmol/L | CHPUA4 31,548,1981 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | intraperitoneal/mouse | 40 µmol/kg | CHPUA4 31,548,1981 |
| DNA repair | /Saccharomyes cerevisiae | 300 mg/L | PMRSDJ 1,502,1981 |
| Dominant Lethal Test | inhalation/rat | 10700 µg/m3 | TPKVAL 15,21,1979 |
| host-mediated assay | Salmonella typhimurium/mouse | 4250 µg/kg | CHPUA4 31,548,1981 |
| micronucleus test | intraperitoneal/mouse | 1 mg/kg | CRTXB2 31,139,2001 |
| micronucleus test | intraperitoneal/mouse | 3 mg/kg/3D- intermittent | CRTXB2 31,139,2001 |
| micronucleus test | intraperitoneal/mouse | 500 µg/kg/24H | DOYADI 8,27,1987 |
| mutation in mammalian somatic cells | lymphocyte/mouse | 5 gm/L | EMMUEG 11,91,1988 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 600 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) | PMRSDJ 1,343,1981 |
| sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction | /Saccharomyes cerevisiae | 25 mg/L | PMRSDJ 1,468,1981 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | 800 ppm/6H (13W prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Endocrine: Effect on menstrual cycle | NTPTR* NIH-93-3345 |
| inhalation/rat | 50 ppm/6H (13W male) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) | NTPTR* NIH-93-3345 |
| inhalation/rat | 4 mg/m3/4H (1-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | TPKVAL 14,32,1975 |
| inhalation/rat | 600 mg/m3/24H (1-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | TPKVAL 13,75,1973 |
| inhalation/rat | 287 ppm/6H (0-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | FCTOD7 29,193,1991 |
| inhalation/rat | 300 ppm/6H (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | DCTODJ 15,1,1992 |
| inhalation/mouse | 200 ppm/6H (13W prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Endocrine: Effect on menstrual cycle | NTPTR* NIH-93-3345 |
| inhalation/rabbit | 450 ppm/6H (7-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Body wall Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | FCTOD7 29,193,1991 |
| inhalation/rabbit | 450 ppm/8H (7-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Gastrointestinal system | NTIS** OTS0535254 |
| inhalation/rat | 4 mg/m3 (1-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | TPKVAL 14,32,1975 |
| inhalation/rat | 4 mg/m3 (1-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TPKVAL 14,32,1975 |
| inhalation/rat | 10 mg/m3 (1-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TPKVAL 14,32,1975 |
| inhalation/rat | 0.6 gm/m3 (1-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TPKVAL 13,75,1973 |
| inhalation/rat | 0.05 gm/m3 (1-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TPKVAL 13,75,1973 |
| inhalation/rat | 10.7 mg/m3 (1-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | TPKVAL 15,21,1979 |
| inhalation/rat | 172 ppm (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | HPV301 -,-,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | 2100 mg/kg (11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | DEGEA3 30,455,1975 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | 15120 mg/kg (1-14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | DEGEA3 30,455,1975 |
| oral/rabbit | 2600 mg/kg (6-18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Body wall Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | ARZNAD 30,1557,1980 |
| oral/rabbit | 2600 mg/kg (6-18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | ARZNAD 30,1557,1980 |
| oral/rat | 5330 µL/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | NTIS** OTS0521149 |
| oral/rat | 5030 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | FCTOD7 29,193,1991 |
| oral/mouse | 1820 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | FCTOD7 29,193,1991 |
| oral/rat | 1500 mg/kg (6-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | FAATDF 39,33,1997 |
| oral/rat | 3000 µg/kg (6-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | FAATDF 39,33,1997 |
| oral/rat | 1500 mg/kg (6-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | HPV301 -,-,2004 |
| oral/rabbit | 2470 mg/kg (6-18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | HPV301 -,-,2004 |
| skin/rabbit | 5200 mg/kg (6-18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus | FCTOD7 29,193,1991 |
| skin/rat | 3600 mg/kg (11-13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | TXAPA9 41,35,1977 |
| skin/rat | 7552 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus | FCTOD7 29,193,1991 |
| skin/rat | 20 gm/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | JJATDK 10,333,1990 |
| skin/rat | 20 gm/kg (1-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | JJATDK 10,333,1990 |
Tumorigenic Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/6H/104W- intermittent | Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria | JTSCDR 34,53,2009 |
| multiple/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 94952 mg/kg/104W- continuous | Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria | JTSCDR 34,53,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32032 mg/kg/104W- continuous | Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria | JTSCDR 34,53,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 59696 mg/kg/104W- continuous | Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria | JTSCDR 34,53,2009 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells | Inhibitor Concentration (5 percent kill): >25000 mg/L/30M | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell counting | TIVIEQ 27,857,2013 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 196 mmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesis | TIVIEQ 3,189,1989 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 22200 mg/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 20300 mg/L | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc. | TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013 |
| In Vitro/Human, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 374 gm/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 27,174,2013 |
| In Vitro/Human, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 351 gm/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TIVIEQ 27,174,2013 |
| In Vitro/Human, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 696 gm/L/3H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 27,174,2013 |
| In Vitro/Human, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 711 gm/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.) | TIVIEQ 27,174,2013 |
| In Vitro/Human, lung tumor | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 59 gm/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 27,174,2013 |
| In Vitro/Human, neuroblastoma | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 18000 mg/L | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc. | TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013 |
| In Vitro/Human, skin | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 7910 mg/L/48H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc. | TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013 |
| In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 5070 mg/L/48H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc. | TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013 |
| In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 43 gm/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.) | TIVIEQ 27,174,2013 |
| In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 14300 mg/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013 |
| In Vitro/paa | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 45.4 mmol/L/44H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TIVIEQ 27,1416,2013 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 17900 mg/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013 |
| In Vitro/Rat, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 1288.2 mmol/L/1H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 32,347,2016 |
| In Vitro/Rat, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 1949.8 mmol/L/1H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.) | TIVIEQ 32,347,2016 |
| In Vitro/Rat, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 2238.7 mmol/L/1H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesis | TIVIEQ 32,347,2016 |
| In Vitro/Rat, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 1380.4 mmol/L/1H | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TIVIEQ 32,347,2016 |
| inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic concentration: 300 mg/m3/75M | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Endocrine: Other changes | TPKVAL 15,69,1979 |
| inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic concentration: 130 mg/m3/4H | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) | TPKVAL 15,69,1979 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 10 gm/m3 | TPKVAL 4,167,1962 | |
| inhalation/mouse | Lowest published lethal concentration: 12 gm/m3/2H | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Eye: Lacrimation Eye: Change in extra- ocular muscles | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| inhalation/mouse | Lowest published lethal concentration: 17 gm/m3/2H | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| inhalation/mouse | Lowest published lethal concentration: 4 gm/m3/2H | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Eye: Conjunctiva irritation Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 9.4 gm/m3/2H | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Muscle weakness Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 2 gm/m3/2H | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 9.4 gm/m3 | Blood: Changes in spleen | TPKVAL 11,86,1969 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1.2 gm/m3 | Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia | TPKVAL 11,86,1969 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1.2 gm/m3/2H | Brain and Coverings: Changes in circulation Vascular: Structural changes in vessels Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in pulmonary vascular resistance | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 3421 ppm/1H | CRTXB2 31,139,2001 | |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 3421 ppm/3H | CRTXB2 31,139,2001 | |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1948 ppm/4H | CRTXB2 31,139,2001 | |
| inhalation/rat | Lowest published lethal concentration: 5000 ppm/6H | USXXAM #5122301 | |
| intramuscular/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3900 mg/kg | ARZNAD 15,618,1965 | |
| intraperitoneal/cat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Blood: Changes in cell count (unspecified) | BJIMAG 13,51,1956 |
| intraperitoneal/guinea pig | lowest published lethal dose: 4 gm/kg | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | AIHAAP 35,21,1974 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 650 mg/kg | CNCRA6 30,9,1963 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 2 gm/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Liver function tests impaired | FTRPAE 81,1246,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 gm/kg | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Blood: Changes in cell count (unspecified) | BJIMAG 13,51,1956 |
| intraperitoneal/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 gm/kg | CRTXB2 31,139,2001 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4 gm/kg | CRTXB2 31,139,2001 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1400 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Muscle weakness Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | BJIMAG 13,51,1956 |
| intravenous/Dog | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 470 mg/kg | ARZNAD 15,618,1965 | |
| intravenous/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1050 mg/kg | ARZNAD 15,618,1965 | |
| intravenous/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2500 mg/kg | ARZNAD 15,618,1965 | |
| intravenous/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1800 mg/kg | ARZNAD 15,618,1965 | |
| intravenous/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2 gm/kg | ZEKBAI 69,103,1967 | |
| ocular/rabbit | lowest published toxic dose: 25 pph | Eye: Lacrimation Eye: Conjunctiva irritation | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 2000 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Vascular: Structural changes in vessels Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2900 mg/kg | NTIS** OTS0521148 | |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 | |
| oral/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 1250 mg/kg | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 | |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (20 percent kill): 2500 mg/kg | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3750 mg/kg | Behavioral: Tetany Vascular: Structural changes in vessels Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (70 percent kill): 4500 mg/kg | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| oral/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5 gm/kg | NTIS** OTS0520699 | |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2000 mg/kg | CBINA8 148,1,2004 | |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4000 mg/kg | Behavioral: General anesthetic Eye: Corneal damage Eye: Other eye effects | TPKVAL 11,86,1969 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4000 mg/kg | Behavioral: Ataxia Vascular: Other changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in pulmonary vascular resistance | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| oral/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 2000 mg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 | |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4720 mg/kg | AIHAAP 30,470,1969 | |
| skin/rat | Lethal dose: >3160 mg/kg | NTIS** OTS0516779 | |
| skin/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): >3.2 gm/kg | CRTXB2 31,139,2001 | |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 1000 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3500 mg/kg | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 | |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 2000 mg/kg | Behavioral: Tetany Vascular: Structural changes in vessels Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 3000 mg/kg | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 1000 mg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Changes in circulation Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Muscle weakness | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3800 mg/kg | ARZNAD 15,618,1965 | |
| unreported route/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): >3 gm/kg | ARZNAD 18,645,1968 | |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1002 mg/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes | ARTODN 68,291,1994 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic concentration: 130 mg/m3/4D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume decreased or anuria | TPKVAL 15,69,1979 |
| inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic concentration: 130 mg/m3/8D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Endocrine: Changes in adrenal weight | TPKVAL 15,69,1979 |
| inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic concentration: 300 mg/m3/8D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Endocrine: Changes in adrenal weight | TPKVAL 15,69,1979 |
| inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic concentration: 130 mg/m3/27D- intermittent | Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section | TPKVAL 15,69,1979 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 800 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NTPTR* NIH-93-3345 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/13W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TOSCF2 72,347,2003 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/13W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TOSCF2 72,347,2003 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/13W- continuous | Liver: Other changes | HPV301 -,,2004 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/6H/104W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | JTSCDR 34,53,2009 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/6H/4W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight | JTSCDR 33,327,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/6H/4W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JTSCDR 33,327,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 10.7 mg/m3/17D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TPKVAL 15,21,1979 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2.3 mg/m3/17D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TPKVAL 15,21,1979 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 10.7 mg/m3/20D- intermittent | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders | TPKVAL 15,21,1979 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/13W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight | TOSCF2 72,347,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/4D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases | TOSCF2 72,347,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/13W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | TOSCF2 72,347,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 0.08 gm/m3/100D- intermittent | Cardiac: Other changes Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | TPKVAL 11,86,1969 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | NTPTR* NIH-93-3345 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 300 mg/m3/4H/26W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Behavioral: Altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) | GISAAA 23(5),31,1958 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 500 µg/m3/24H/60D- continuous | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments | GISAAA 27(4),3,1962 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2523 ppm/6H/5D- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | DCTODJ 9,147,1986 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 0.4 gm/m3/30D- intermittent | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 0.4 gm/m3/122D- intermittent | Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Blood: Other changes Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count | TPKVAL 1,54,1961 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 0.4 gm/m3/61D- intermittent | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TPKVAL 1,72,1961 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 0.4 gm/m3/182D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | TPKVAL 1,72,1961 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/6H/27D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Interstitial nephritis | TOLED5 255,11,2016 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 91 ppm/10D- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight | HPV301 -,,2004 |
| multiple/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10976 mg/kg/4W- continuous | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | JTSCDR 33,327,2008 |
| multiple/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5628 mg/kg/4W- continuous | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JTSCDR 33,327,2008 |
| multiple/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7392 mg/kg/4W- continuous | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JTSCDR 33,327,2008 |
| multiple/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 94952 mg/kg/104W- continuous | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | JTSCDR 34,53,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 525 mg/kg/7D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | MUREAV 746,144,2012 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1750 mg/kg/7D- intermittent | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) | TOLED5 255,11,2016 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32032 mg/kg/104W- continuous | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | JTSCDR 34,53,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2324 mg/kg/4W- continuous | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight | JTSCDR 33,327,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8176 mg/kg/4W- continuous | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JTSCDR 33,327,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4500 mg/kg/10D- continuous | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changes | NTIS** OTS0572893 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9 mL/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases | APJAAG 37,1879,1987 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 13 gm/kg/15W- continuous | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOXID9 3,128,1983 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5400 mg/kg/90D- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count | DCTODJ 9,147,1986 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7700 mg/kg/28D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Interstitial nephritis | TOLED5 255,11,2016 |
| skin/rabbit | lowest published toxic dose: 18 gm/kg/2W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | DCTODJ 9,147,1986 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 gm/kg/5D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TPKVAL 1,80,1961 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 20 gm/kg/10D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TPKVAL 1,80,1961 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 10 ppm (skin) | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence | IMEMDT 47,171,1989 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 47,171,1989 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 71,545,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal No Evidence | IMEMDT 71,545,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 3 | IMEMDT 71,545,1999 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | CMTVAS 10(3),49,1973 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 566,21,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 567,109,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HUTOX* -,683,1996 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 47,1287,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 55,596,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 58,252,2015 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 55,43,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 58,395,2010 |
Standards and Regulations
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) | DTLVS* 3,90,1971 |
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV; | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), JUL2008 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA | MAK-TMW 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);KZW 40 ppm (120 mg/m3), skin, 2007 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), Skin, MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), skin, MAY2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND | time-weighted average 5 ppm (15 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE | VME 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), Skin, FEB2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY | MAK 5 ppm (15 mg/m3), 2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY | time-weighted average 30 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 120 mg/m3, Skin, SEP2000 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN | Occupational Exposure Limit 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), skin, 2B carc, MAY2012 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), skin, 2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 20 ppm (60 mg/m3), 2004 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), JUL2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND | MAC(time-weighted average) 10 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 60 mg/m3, JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA | short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, Skin, JUN2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 15 ppm (45 mg/m3), Skin, JUN2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND | MAK-week 5 ppm (15 mg/m3), KZG-week 20 ppm (60 mg/m3), skin, JAN2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS | MAC-TGG 15 mg/m3, Skin, 2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM | time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 20 ppm (61 mg/m3), skin, OCT2007 | |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) | 8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) | 8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) | 8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) | 8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE-air | 10H time-weighted average 10 ppm (Sk) | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
| National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code 26560; Number of Industries 85; Total Number of Facilities 6209; Number of Occupations 93; Total Number of Employees Exposed 124683; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 16011 | |
| National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 | Hazard Code 26560; Number of Industries 64; Total Number of Facilities 3115; Number of Occupations 71; Total Number of Employees Exposed 69191 |
Status in Federal Agencies
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health