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Ethylene, tetrachloro-

RTECS #
KX3850000
CAS #
127-18-4
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
165.82
Molecular Formula
C2Cl4
Synonyms
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene
Ankilostin
Antisol 1
Carbon bichloride
Carbon dichloride
Czterochloroetylen (Polish)
Didakene
Dilatin PT
Dow-per
ENT 1,860
Ethene, tetrachloro-
Ethylene tetrachloride
Ethylenetetrachloride
Fedal-UN
NCI-C04580
PER
Per
Perawin
Perc
Perchloorethyleen, per (Dutch)
Perchlor
Perchloraethylen, per (German)
Perchlorethylene
Perchloroethylene
Perchloroethylene (ACGIH:OSHA)
Perclene
Perclene D
Percloroetilene (Italian)
Percosolve
Perk
PERK
Perklone
Persec
RCRA waste number U210
Tetlen
Tetracap
Tetrachlooretheen (Dutch)
Tetrachloraethen (German)
Tetrachlorethylene
Tetrachloroethene
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene (DOT:OSHA)
Tetrachloroethylene (IUPAC)
Tetracloroetene (Italian)
Tetraleno
Tetralex
Tetravec
Tetroguer
Tetropil

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
eye /rabbit 162 mg mildEJTXAZ 9,171,1976
eye /rabbit 500 mg/24H mild85JCAE -,108,1986
skin /rabbit 810 mg/24H severeEJTXAZ 9,171,1976
skin /rabbit 500 mg/24H mild85JCAE -,108,1986

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysisinhalation/rat500 ppmNTIS** PB82-185075
Cytogenetic Analysisother cell types/human2 mmol/L/48HEMMUEG 50,46,2009
DNA Damageoral/mouse1000 mg/kg/24H- intermittentMUTAEX 25,133,2010
DNA Damageunreported route/human2.4 ppm/1YMUREAV 539,9,2003
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/mouse4 mmol/kgTOLED5 31,31,1986
DNA repairother cell types/human2 mmol/L/48HEMMUEG 50,46,2009
host-mediated assaySalmonella typhimurium/mouse100 ppmNTIS** PB82-185075
morphological transformembryo/rat97 µmol/LITCSAF 14,290,1978
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium50 µL/plate (+enzymatic activation step)NIOSH* 5AUG1977
other mutation test systemsoral/mouse1 gm/kgMUREAV 343,157,1995
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctionlung/hamster190 µmol/LMUREAV 182,135,1987
sperm morphologyinhalation/mouse500 ppmNTIS** PB82-185075
Unscheduled DNA Synthesislung/human100 mg/LNTIS** PB82-185075

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat 1000 ppm/24H (14D prior to copulation/1-22D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal systemAPTOD9 19,A21,1980
inhalation/rat 1000 ppm/24H (1-22D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)APTOD9 19,A21,1980
inhalation/rat 900 ppm/7H (7-13D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral
TJADAB 19,41A,1979
inhalation/rat 300 ppm/7H (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)TXAPA9 32,84,1975
inhalation/rat 1000 ppm/6H (multigeneration)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
NTIS** OTS0557702
inhalation/mouse 300 ppm/7H (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Homeostasis
TXAPA9 32,84,1975
inhalation/mouse 500 ppm/7H (5D male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)NTIS** PB82-185075
inhalation/rat 250 ppm (6-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
BDERB* 77,405,2006

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
NTPTR* NTP-TR-311,1986
inhalation/mouse toxic concentration: 100 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
TOLED5 31(Suppl),16,1986
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 6180 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
NTIS** PB87-147054/AS
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 2100 mg/m3/6H/78W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteriaVCVGH* -,459,1990
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 6180 mg/kg/104W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Leukemia
NTIS** PB87-147054/AS
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 5150 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Leukemia
NTIS** PB87-147054/AS
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Leukemia

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Testicular tumors
NTPTR* NTP-TR-311,1986
inhalation/rat toxic concentration: 200 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors

Blood: Leukemia
TOLED5 31(Suppl),16,1986
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 195 gm/kg/50W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-13,1977
oral/mouse toxic dose: 240 gm/kg/62W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-13,1977

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Human, skin Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.08 mL/well/1HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 28,616,2014
In Vitro/Human, skin Inhibitor Concentration Low: 47 µL/well/45MIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 28,742,2014
In Vitro/iagInhibitor Concentration Low: 1.7 mmol/LIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysNRTXDN 55,74,2016
In Vitro/Mouse, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.36 mmol/L/2HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)TIVIEQ 3,145,1989
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.36 mmol/L/2HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)TIVIEQ 3,145,1989
inhalation/cat lowest published toxic concentration: 36000 mg/m3/270MBehavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,457,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppmBehavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,457,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 96 ppm/7HPeripheral Nerve and Sensation: Local anesthetic

Eye: Conjunctiva irritation

Behavioral: Hallucinations, distorted perceptions
NTIS** PB257-185
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 500 mg/m3/1MEye: Conjunctiva irritationVCVGH* -,457,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 650 mg/m3/7HEye: Conjunctiva irritation

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Headache
VCVGH* -,457,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 mg/m3/20MEye: Conjunctiva irritation

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)
VCVGH* -,458,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 1900 mg/m3/2HEye: Conjunctiva irritation

Behavioral: Ataxia

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting
VCVGH* -,458,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 2700 mg/m3/3HBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Liver: Other changes
VCVGH* -,458,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 3500 mg/m3/10MLung, Thorax, or Respiration: CoughVCVGH* -,458,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 6400 mg/m3Eye: Conjunctiva irritation

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands
VCVGH* -,458,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 13500 mg/m3/5MGastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glandsVCVGH* -,458,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppmEye: Conjunctiva irritationVCVGH* -,458,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 6000 ppm/1MBehavioral: Coma

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
VCVGH* -,458,1990
inhalation/man lowest published toxic concentration: 600 ppm/10MEye: Conjunctiva irritation

Behavioral: General anesthetic
AMIHBC 5,566,1952
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 5200 ppm/4HAPTOA6 9,303,1953
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 20000 mg/m3/2HBehavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,456,1990
inhalation/mouse Lowest published lethal concentration: 40000 mg/m3/2HVCVGH* -,456,1990
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 35000 mg/m3/4HVCVGH* -,456,1990
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 20200 mg/m3/6HVCVGH* -,456,1990
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2978 ppm/6HENTOX* -,150,2005
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 1340 mg/m3/4HLiver: Fatty liver degenerationVCVGH* -,457,1990
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 3390 mg/m3/4HLiver: Other changesVCVGH* -,457,1990
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/35MBehavioral: Alteration of operant conditioningNETEEC 30,167,2008
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/12MBehavioral: Alteration of operant conditioningNETEEC 30,167,2008
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 500 ppm/60MBehavioral: Alteration of operant conditioningNETEEC 30,167,2008
inhalation/rat Lowest published lethal concentration: 40800 mg/m3/1MBehavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,456,1990
inhalation/rat Lowest published lethal concentration: 40800 mg/m3/5HVCVGH* -,456,1990
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 4100 ppm/6HENTOX* -,150,2005
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 34200 mg/m3/8HAIHAAP 20,364,1959
intraperitoneal/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2100 mg/kgLiver: Liver function tests impairedTXAPA9 10,119,1967
intraperitoneal/mouse Lethal dose: >500 mg/kgCBCCT* 4,378,1952
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1000 mg/kgBehavioral: Change in psychophysiological testsTXAPA9 279,103,2014
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4678 mg/kgENVRAL 40,411,1986
intratracheal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 450 mg/kgNTIS** OTS0520615
intravenous/Dog lowest published lethal dose: 85 mg/kgQJPPAL 7,205,1934
oral/cat lowest published lethal dose: 4 gm/kgBehavioral: Sleep

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)
AJHYA2 9,430,1929
oral/child lowest published toxic dose: 545 mg/kgBehavioral: ComaJTCTDW 23,103,1985
oral/Dog lowest published lethal dose: 4 gm/kgBehavioral: Sleep

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)
AJHYA2 9,430,1929
oral/Dog lowest published toxic dose: 306 mg/kgCardiac: Other changes

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Fatty liver degeneration
VCVGH* -,457,1990
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kgLiver: Liver function tests impaired

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
TXCYAC 232,1,2007
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kgLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Liver: Fatty liver degeneration
TXCYAC 232,1,2007
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 8100 mg/kgBehavioral: General anestheticNTIS** PB257-185
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6400 mg/kgVCVGH* -,457,1990
oral/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 5 gm/kgBehavioral: Sleep

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)
AJHYA2 9,430,1929
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kgBehavioral: AnticonvulsantTXCYAC 170,201,2002
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2629 mg/kgAIHAAP 20,364,1959
skin/rabbit Lethal dose: >3228 mg/kgNTIS** AD-A180-198
subcutaneous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 65 gm/kgBehavioral: Sleep

Behavioral: Ataxia
JPETAB 123,224,1958
subcutaneous/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 2200 mg/kgQJPPAL 7,205,1934
unreported route/human lowest published lethal dose: 0.7 mL/kgVCVGH* -,457,1990
unreported route/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4000 mg/kgVCVGH* -,457,1990

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/gerbil lowest published toxic concentration: 120 ppm/24H/1Y- continuousBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
TOLED5 22,343,1984
inhalation/guinea pig lowest published toxic concentration: 680 mg/m3/200D- continuousLiver: Changes in liver weightVCVGH* -,460,1990
inhalation/guinea pig lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/7H/32W- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
AMIHBC 5,566,1952
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/104W- intermittentLiver: TumorsTXCYAC 260,77,2009
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/4H/8W- intermittentLiver: Fatty liver degenerationAPTOA6 22,379,1965
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 1750 ppm/6H/14D- intermittentLiver: Fatty liver degenerationNTPTR* NTP-TR-311,1986
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 1600 ppm/6H/13W- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
NTPTR* NTP-TR-311,1986
inhalation/rabbit lowest published toxic concentration: 2500 ppm/7H/39D- intermittentBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)AMIHBC 5,566,1952
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 1750 ppm/6H/14D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNTPTR* NTP-TR-311,1986
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 19300 mg/m3/24H/94D- continuousBrain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
GISAAA 42(8),50,1977
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/4W- continuousBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
TOLED5 54,207,1990
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 7000 ppm/8H/50D- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in blood vessels or in circulation of kidney

Blood: Changes in spleen
JIHTAB 19,323,1937
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 mg/m3/8H/28W- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Blood: Changes in spleen
VCVGH* -,459,1990
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 10900 mg/m3/2W- continuousGastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Ataxia
VCVGH* -,459,1990
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 1700 ppm/10D- intermittentReproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertilityREPTED 17,273,2003
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 600 ppm/3D- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainBDERB* 77,405,2006
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 500 ppm/12D- intermittentBehavioral: ToleranceNETEEC 30,167,2008
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 320 ppm/30D- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Brain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
SWEHDO 14,91,1988
intramuscular/gerbil lowest published toxic dose: 320 ppm/90D- continuousBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Brain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
ARTODN 60,397,1987
intramuscular/gerbil lowest published toxic dose: 120 ppm/1Y- continuousBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
TOLED5 22,343,1984
intramuscular/rat lowest published toxic dose: 320 ppm/90D- continuousBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
TOLED5 52,279,1990
intramuscular/rat lowest published toxic dose: 320 ppm/30D- continuousBrain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
SWEHDO 14,91,1988
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 49750 µg/kg/3D- intermittentBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Liver: Other changes
TIHEEC 8,191,1992
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 23215 mg/kg/8W- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Autoimmune (multiple organ involvement)TOXID9 54,74,2000
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 30000 mg/kg/30D- intermittentBehavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Ataxia

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
TXCYAC 232,1,2007
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 7000 mg/kg/7D- intermittentBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)TXCYAC 232,1,2007
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1050 mg/kg/7D- intermittentLiver: Other changesTXCYAC 232,1,2007
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 3500 mg/kg/7D- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changesTXCYAC 232,1,2007
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7000 mg/kg/7D- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)CALEDQ 106,235,1996
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 12.6 gm/kg/2W- continuousReproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertilityREPTED 17,273,2003
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg/40D- intermittentBehavioral: Anticonvulsant

Behavioral: Analgesia
TXCYAC 170,201,2002
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2000 mg/kg/40D- intermittentBehavioral: Anticonvulsant

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
TXCYAC 170,201,2002
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 14 gm/kg/4W- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine compositionENVRAL 59,427,1992
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 36 gm/kg/90D- continuousNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases
FAATDF 7,119,1986
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3 gm/kg/6W- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
TXAPA9 78,105,1985

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 25 ppm;short term exposure limit 100 ppmDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMSUDL 7,355,1987
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 63,159,1995
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 63,159,1995
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 106,329,2014
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Inadequate EvidenceIMSUDL 7,355,1987
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 106,329,2014
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2BIMSUDL 7,355,1987
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2AIMEMDT 106,329,2014
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2AIMEMDT 63,159,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCMSHAF 6,517,1977
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAJMEAZ 38,409,1965
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 127,111,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 134,17,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 567,227,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCRTXB2 33,137,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 196,1,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWDIMON* 39,678,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 44,1699,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 627,59,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,150,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHUTOX* -,577,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 682,94,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNEUCL* 23,485,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNTAPM* -,629,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNTAPM* -,689,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNTAPM* -,711,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNTAPM* -,727,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 705,184,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNRTXDN 31,603,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 721,27,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 255,113,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 55,596,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 266,345,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 770,170,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 770,183,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 54,247,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 55,43,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 59,364,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 33,179,2018

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATIONFEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDESCancelledRBREV* -,269,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 100 ppm (670 mg/m3)DTLVS* 3,201,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypttime-weighted average 5 ppm (35 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 50 ppm (340 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 150 ppm (1020 mg/m3), Carcinogen, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 50 ppm (345 mg/m3);KZW 200 ppm (1380 mg/m3), 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 25 ppm (172 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 100 ppm(695 mg/m3), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 10 ppm (70 mg/m3), skin, carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 50 ppm (335 mg/m3), C3 Carcinogen, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYtime-weighted average 50 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 50 mg/m3, Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 10 ppm (70 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPANskin, 2B carc, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 50 ppm (335 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 200 ppm (1340 mg/m3), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 100 ppm (670 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 200 ppm (1340 mg/m3), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 50 ppm (335 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 150 ppm (1005 mg/m3), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 20 ppm (130 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 25 ppm (170 mg/m3); short term exposure limit 100 ppm (678 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 60 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 480 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAtime-weighted average 10 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 30 mg/m3, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENtime-weighted average 10 ppm (70 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 25 ppm (170 mg/m3), Carcinogen, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 50 ppm (345 mg/m3), KZG-week 100 ppm (690 mg/m3), carc 3, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILANDtime-weighted average 100 ppm, short term exposure limit 200 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 240 mg/m3, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 100 ppm (670 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOMtime-weighted average 50 ppm (345 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 100 ppm (689 mg/m3), OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (670 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (670 mg/m3)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 100 ppm;ceiling concentration 200;Pk 300/5M/3HCFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (670 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO TETRACHLOROETHYLENE-airCarcinogen lowest feasible conc.NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 54790; Number of Industries 268; Total Number of Facilities 49025; Number of Occupations 151; Total Number of Employees Exposed 688110; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 177342
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 54790; Number of Industries 288; Total Number of Facilities 52013; Number of Occupations 155; Total Number of Employees Exposed 549154

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/98/101181/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/limited: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae gene conversion; S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae-reversion
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0294-8618;8EHQ-0393-8762
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-1292-8618;8EHQ-0393-8618
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (gavage);inadequate studies:ratNCITR* NCI-TR-13,1977
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (inhal);clear evidence:mouse,rat
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, halogenated, 1003
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Volatile organic compound, 2549
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 20, 1978
NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens,2016:Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogen
NTP Carcinogenesis Studies (inhalation);clear evidence:mouse,rat NTPTR* NTP-TR-311,1986
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #1001
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018