Ethane, nitro-

RTECS #

KI5600000

CAS #

79-24-3
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

September 2013

Molecular Weight

75.08

Molecular Formula

C₂H₅NO₂

Synonyms

Nitroetan (Polish)
Nitroethane
Nitroethane (ACGIH:OSHA)

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/guinea pig	Lowest published lethal concentration: 10000 ppm/3H		JIHTAB 22,315,1940
inhalation/mouse	Lowest published lethal concentration: 19500 mg/m³/2H		85GMAT -,93,1982
inhalation/rabbit	Lowest published lethal concentration: 5000 ppm/2H		JIHTAB 22,315,1940
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 13000 ppm/6H		85INA8 6,1105,1991
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 310 mg/kg		KHFZAN 10(6),53,1976
intraperitoneal/rat	lowest published lethal dose: 1600 mg/kg	Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia	BSPLA9 (4),137,1972
oral/child	lowest published toxic dose: 1478 µL/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory obstruction Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia	JTCTDW 32,321,1994
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 860 mg/kg	Behavioral: General anesthetic Behavioral: Tremor Behavioral: Excitement	GISAAA 32(9),9,1967
oral/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kg	Behavioral: Muscle weakness Behavioral: Ataxia Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation	JIHTAB 22,315,1940
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1100 mg/kg	Behavioral: General anesthetic Behavioral: Tremor Behavioral: Excitement	GISAAA 32(9),9,1967

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm/6H/4D- intermittent	Behavioral: Hallucinations, distorted perceptions Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTIS** OTS0539250
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Liver: Other changes Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia	NTIS** OTS0539250
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm/6H/4D- intermittent	Behavioral: Hallucinations, distorted perceptions Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	NTIS** OTS0539250
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	NTIS** OTS0539250

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 100 ppm	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,240,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,683,1996

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³)	DTLVS* 3,185,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 100 ppm (307 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 100 ppm (311 mg/m³), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 150 ppm (470 mg/m³), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY	MAK 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 150 ppm (465 mg/m³), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 100 ppm (307 mg/m³), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 100 ppm (307 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) 30 mg/m³, MAC(short term exposure limit) 240 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	short term exposure limit 30 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 20 ppm (60 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 50 ppm (150 mg/m³), JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), KZG-week 400 ppm (1240 mg/m³), JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 60 mg/m³, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES	time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY	time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (310 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO NITROETHANE-air	10H time-weighted average 100 ppm	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 50795; Number of Industries 8; Total Number of Facilities 109; Number of Occupations 10; Total Number of Employees Exposed 6001; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1652

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Mammalian micronucleus
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Nitroethane, 2526

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health