Ethane, 1,1-dichloro-

RTECS #

KI0175000

CAS #

75-34-3
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2018

Molecular Weight

98.96

Molecular Formula

C₂H₄Cl₂

Synonyms

1,1-Dichloorethaan (Dutch)
1,1-Dichloraethan (German)
1,1-Dichlorethane
1,1-Dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethane (ACGIH:OSHA)
1,1-Dicloroetano (Italian)
Aethylidenchlorid (German)
Chlorinated hydrochloric ether
Chlorure d'ethylidene (French)
Cloruro di etilidene (Italian)
Ethylidene chloride (OSHA)
Ethylidene dichloride
NCI-C04535
RCRA waste number U076

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction	/Aspergillus nidulans	2000 ppm	MUREAV 201,401,1988
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/rat	13 mmol/L	MUREAV 221,263,1989

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	6000 ppm/7H (6-15D pregnant)	Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system	TXAPA9 28,452,1974

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 185 gm/kg/78W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors	NCITR* NCI-TR-66,1978
oral/mouse	toxic dose: 1300 gm/kg/78W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors	NCITR* NCI-TR-66,1978

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/Mouse, liver	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 4.9 mmol/L/2H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)	TIVIEQ 3,145,1989
In Vitro/Rat, liver	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 3.12 mmol/L/2H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)	TIVIEQ 3,145,1989
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 30000 mg/m³/2H	Behavioral: General anesthetic	VCVGH* -,355,1990
inhalation/mouse	Lowest published lethal concentration: 70000 mg/m³/2H		VCVGH* -,355,1990
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 13000 ppm/4H		NTIS** AD-A180-198
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 725 mg/kg		HYSAAV 32(3),349,1967

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 240 gm/kg/12W- intermittent	Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	TOXID9 6,313,1986

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 100 ppm	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		AIHAAP 40(3),A46,1979
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTIS** PB82-182809
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 802,1,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 59,364,2011

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 200 ppm (320 mg/m³)	DTLWS* 3,15,1973
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 100 ppm (412 mg/m³),JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 100 ppm (400 mg/m³);KZW 400 ppm (1600 mg/m³), skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 100 ppm (412 mg/m³), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 100 ppm (412 mg/m³), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-EC	time-weighted average 412 mg/m³ (100 ppm), skin, JUN2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 250 ppm (1000 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 100 ppm (412 mg/m³), Skin, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY	MAK 100 ppm (410 mg/m³), 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY	time-weighted average 412 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 824 mg/m³, Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 100 ppm (400 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	Occupational Exposure Limit 100 ppm (400 mg/m³), MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 200 ppm (810 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 250 ppm (1010 mg/m³), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 200 ppm (810 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 250 ppm (1010 mg/m³), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 200 ppm (810 mg/m³); short term exposure limit 250 ppm (1010 mg/m³), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 100 ppm (405 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	time-weighted average 50 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	time-weighted average 100 ppm, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 100 ppm (412 mg/m³), Skin, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 100 ppm (400 mg/m³), KZG-week 200 ppm (800 mg/m³), JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILAND	time-weighted average 50 ppm, short term exposure limit 100 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 400 mg/m³, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES	time-weighted average 100 ppm (400 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY	time-weighted average 100 ppm (400 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 100 ppm, skin, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (400 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (400 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (400 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (400 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO 1,1-DICHLOROETHANE-air	10H time-weighted average 100 ppm	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 24120; Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 10; Number of Occupations 7; Total Number of Employees Exposed 1957; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 272
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 24120; Number of Industries 7; Total Number of Facilities 143; Number of Occupations 9; Total Number of Employees Exposed 715

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/91/180539/AS)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (gavage);equivocal evidence:mouse,rat	NCITR* NCI-TR-66,1978
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, halogenated, 1003
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 27, 1978
On EPA IRIS database

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health