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Dimethylamine, N-nitroso-

RTECS #
IQ0525000
CAS #
62-75-9
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
74.10
Molecular Formula
C2H6N2O
Synonyms
Dimethylnitrosamin (German)
Dimethylnitrosamine
Dimethylnitrosoamine
Dimethylnitrosoamine (OSHA)
DMN
DMNA
Methanamine, N-methyl-N-nitroso- (9CI)
N,N-Dimethylnitrosamine
NDMA
Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Methyl-N-nitrosomethanamine
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (ACGIH:OSHA)
N-Nitroso-N,N-dimethylamine
RCRA waste number P082

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
body fluid assayovary/rat320 mg/kgMUREAV 143,263,1985
Cytogenetic Analysisembryo/hamster100 mmol/LPJABDW 56,41,1980
Cytogenetic Analysisintraperitoneal/hamster20 mg/kgCGCYDF 10,23,1983
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster500 mg/LGMCRDC 27,95,1981
Cytogenetic Analysisfibroblast/hamster40 mmol/LMUREAV 51,397,1978
Cytogenetic Analysisovary/hamster1110 µmol/LMOTOEX 1,217,1987
Cytogenetic Analysislymphocyte/cattle60 µmol/LMUREAV 290,311,1993
Cytogenetic AnalysisHeLa cell/human10 µmol/LTXCYAC 9,21,1978
Cytogenetic Analysislymphocyte/human50 mmol/LARTODN 39,159,1977
Cytogenetic Analysissubcutaneous/rat40 mg/kgNULSAK 23,121,1980
Cytogenetic Analysisliver/rat45 µmol/LCRNGDP 8,1077,1987
Cytogenetic Analysisoral/rat20 mg/kgMUREAV 251,59,1991
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster1000 mg/L/6H (+enzymatic activation step)FCTOD7 40,599,2002
Cytogenetic Analysisother cell types/mouse2 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step)TCMUD8 23(Suppl 1),137,2003
Cytogenetic Analysisinhalation/rat10 mg/kg/10DMUREAV 577S,1,2005
Cytogenetic Analysisother cell types/human5.4 mmol/L/48HEMMUEG 50,46,2009
DNA adductother cell types/rat175 µmolPAACA3 24,65,1983
DNA adductother cell types/rat6300 nmolPAACA3 24,65,1983
DNA adductlung/human27600 nmol/LCNREA8 37,2309,1977
DNA adductother cell types/human1300 nmolPAACA3 24,65,1983
DNA adductother cell types/human4100 nmolPAACA3 24,65,1983
DNA adductother cell types/mouse5 µmolPAACA3 24,65,1983
DNA adductother cell types/mouse72 µmolPAACA3 24,65,1983
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/mouse5 mg/kgCRNGDP 19,731,1998
DNA Damagekidney/rat32 mmol/LMUREAV 368,41,1996
DNA Damageother cell types/mouse1 µmol/LMUREAV 213,185,1989
DNA Damagemultiple/mouse57400 µg/kg/6W-continuousCBINA8 4,321,1971/1972
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/mouse5700 µg/kgMUREAV 54,39,1978
DNA Damageoral/mouse15 mg/kgIJCNAW 17,765,1976
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/gerbil100 µg/kgCNREA8 43,1306,1983
DNA Damagekidney/mammal (species unspecified)1 mmol/LJTEHD6 6,333,1980
DNA Damagelymphocyte/mammal (species unspecified)430 µmol/LMUREAV 135,87,1984
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/hamster10 µg/kgCNREA8 39,50,1979
DNA Damagelung/hamster3 mmol/LMUREAV 187,181,1987
DNA Damageovary/hamster5 mmol/LMUREAV 77,259,1980
DNA Damageliver/hamster50 µmol/LEMMUEG 15,24,1990
DNA Damagekidney/human32 mmol/LMUREAV 368,41,1996
DNA Damageother cell types/rat1 mmol/LCRNGDP 5,1453,1984
DNA Damageother cell types/human90 mmol/LMUREAV 441,215,1999
DNA Damageunreported route/rat5 mg/kgCBINA8 15,101,1976
DNA Damageintravenous/rat1 µg/kgCNREA8 41,3128,1981
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/rat5 mg/kgCALEDQ 40,203,1988
DNA Damageoral/rat22 µg/kgCNREA8 47,3485,1987
DNA Damageparenteral/rat2 mg/kgNATUAS 248,153,1974
DNA Damagefibroblast/hamster10 µmol/L/6HMUREAV 726,84,2011
DNA Damageovary/hamster0.1 mmol/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 741,109,2012
DNA Damagelymphocyte/human50 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 743,25,2012
DNA Damagesperm/human50 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 743,25,2012
DNA Damagelymphocyte/human5 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 743,25,2012
DNA Damagesperm/human5 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 743,25,2012
DNA Damageoral/rat1.89 mg/kg/3D- intermittentMUREAV 786-788,172,2015
DNA Damageother cell types/human1000 µmol/L/24HMUTAEX 31,83,2016
DNA Damageliver/human10 µmol/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 827,59,2018
DNA Damagefibroblast/hamster5 µmol/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 827,59,2018
DNA Damageother cell types/human10 µmol/L/24H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 827,59,2018
DNA Damageovary/human2 mmol/LMUREAV 575,17,2005
DNA Damageliver/human100 µmol/L/24HMUREAV 657,133,2008
DNA Damageliver/rat1 mmol/L/20HMUREAV 564,21,2004
DNA Damageother cell types/human27 mmol/L/4HMUREAV 536,79,2003
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/mouse360 mg/kg/12WMUREAV 579,81,2005
DNA Damageliver/mouse2 mmol/L/24HMUTAEX 25,561,2010
DNA Damageliver/mouse2 mmol/L/48HMUTAEX 25,561,2010
DNA Damagelung/rat2.5 mmol/L/20HMUREAV 605,94,2006
DNA Damagelung/human2.5 mmol/L/20HMUREAV 605,94,2006
DNA Damageliver/rat100 µmol/L/3HMUREAV 629,49,2007
DNA Damageother cell types/rat10 mmol/L/16HBCPCA6 68,523,2004
DNA Damageliver/human1 mmol/L/4HTXAPA9 182,219,2002
DNA Damageliver/rat1 mmol/L/4HTXAPA9 182,219,2002
DNA Damageoral/other insects0.25 µmol/tubeMUREAV 480-481,139,2001
DNA Damageliver/rat5 mmol/LTOSCF2 53,71,2000
DNA Damageliver/human5 mmol/LTOSCF2 53,71,2000
DNA Damagelung/hamster2 mg/L/3H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 536,27,2003
DNA Damageoral/mouse0.0135 mmol/kgMUREAV 539,65,2003
DNA inhibitionintraperitoneal/rat9 mg/kgCBINA8 27,81,1979
DNA inhibitionsubcutaneous/rat12500 µg/kgBIMDB3 20,119,1974
DNA inhibitionHeLa cell/human100 mmol/L/1H-continuousJEPTDQ 2(1),65,1978
DNA inhibitionparenteral/mouse20 mg/kgRCOCB8 21,281,1978
DNA inhibitionintraperitoneal/mouse20 gm/kgARGEAR 51,605,1981
DNA repair/Escherichia coli50 ng/wellMUREAV 46,53,1977
DNA repair/Bacillus subtilis25 gm/LEVSRBT 24,19,1981
DNA repairliver/rat5 mmol/L/20HMUREAV 536,69,2003
DNA repairliver/human5 mmol/L/20HMUREAV 536,69,2003
DNA repairother cell types/human5.4 mmol/L/48HEMMUEG 50,46,2009
Dominant Lethal Testoral/Drosophila melanogaster10 mmol/LRPZHAW 33,215,1982
Dominant Lethal Testintraperitoneal/mouse4400 µg/kgMGGEAE 117,197,1972
Dominant Lethal Testsubcutaneous/mouse45 mg/kgATXKA8 28,135,1971
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Saccharomyes cerevisiae5 mmol/LMUREAV 108,161,1983
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Aspergillus nidulans20096 µg/plateMUREAV 80,265,1981
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Chlamydomonas reinhardi68 µmol/LCUGED5 10,393,1986
gene conversion and mitotic recombinationoral/Drosophila melanogaster0.076 mmol/LFCTOD7 49,2172,2011
gene conversion and mitotic recombinationoral/Drosophila melanogaster1 mmol/L/48HMUTAEX 19,187,2004
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Drosophila melanogaster0.01 mmol/LMUREAV 514,193,2002
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Saccharomyes cerevisiae200 mmol/L/3H (-enzymatic activation step)EMMUEG 36,97,2000
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Saccharomyes cerevisiae200 mmol/L/3H (+enzymatic activation step)EMMUEG 36,97,2000
host-mediated assaySaccharomyes cerevisiae/rat3705 mg/kgMUREAV 31,381,1975
host-mediated assaySalmonella typhimurium/rat600 µg/kgENMUDM 1,277,1979
host-mediated assayEscherichia coli/mammal (species unspecified)100 mg/kgARZNAD 24,1422,1974
host-mediated assayleukocyte/mouse2500 µg/kgCNREA8 34,3073,1974
host-mediated assaySchizosaccharomyces pombe/mouse1 mg/kgMUREAV 85,57,1981
host-mediated assaySalmonella typhimurium/mouse24200 µg/kgMGGEAE 117,197,1972
host-mediated assaySerratia marcescens/mouse12 mg/kg/2HMGGEAE 117,197,1972
host-mediated assaySaccharomyes cerevisiae/mouse10 µmol/kgAGACBH 3,99,1973
host-mediated assayEscherichia coli/mouse15 mg/kgMUREAV 25,187,1974
host-mediated assayother cell types/mouse2 mg/kgMUREAV 207,57,1988
micronucleus testintraperitoneal/hamster10 mg/kgMUREAV 43,255,1977
micronucleus testinhalation/mouse1030 mg/m3NEZAAQ 40,280,1985
micronucleus testintraperitoneal/mouse10 mg/kgMUREAV 278,103,1992
micronucleus testoral/mouse12500 µg/kgMUREAV 97,43,1982
micronucleus testliver/human5 mmol/LMUREAV 414,37,1998
micronucleus testparenteral/rat30 mg/kgZKKOBW 84,135,1975
micronucleus testliver/rat5 mmol/LTOSCF2 53,71,2000
micronucleus testliver/human10 mmol/L/4HMUREAV 536,79,2003
micronucleus testintraperitoneal/rat5 mg/kgMUREAV 583,133,2005
micronucleus testother cell types/human6.4 mmol/L/4HMUREAV 536,79,2003
micronucleus testoral/rat60 mg/kg/3D- intermittentMUREAV 722,7,2011
micronucleus testother cell types/human100 µmol/L/3HMUREAV 724,7,2011
micronucleus testoral/rat5 mg/kgMUTAEX 24,9,2009
micronucleus testoral/rat14 mg/kg/14DMUREAV 780-781,2,2015
micronucleus testfibroblast/hamster80 µmol/L/48HMUREAV 770,37,2014
micronucleus testother cell types/human5 mmol/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)EMMUEG 57,243,2016
morphological transformintraperitoneal/mouse360 mg/kg/12WMUREAV 579,81,2005
morphological transformoral/rat16 mg/kg/14D- intermittentMUREAV 575,61,2005
morphological transformintraperitoneal/rat60 mg/kgONCOBS 34,16,1977
morphological transformoral/rat100 µmol/kgCBINA8 43,313,1983
morphological transformliver/rat100 mg/LBJCAAI 28,215,1973
morphological transformembryo/rat1300 mg/LJJIND8 67,1303,1981
morphological transformother cell types/human200 µg/LCANCAR 47,1543,1981
morphological transformfibroblast/human1 µg/LBANRDU 12,3,1982
morphological transformfibroblast/mouse500 µg/LJJIND8 67,1303,1981
morphological transformkidney/hamster80 µg/LBJCAAI 37,873,1978
morphological transformembryo/hamster100 mg/LIJCNAW 19,642,1977
morphological transformoral/hamster200 mg/kgEVHPAZ 45,119,1982
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsintraperitoneal/hamster200 mg/kgTOLED5 2,277,1978
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslung/hamster100 µmol/LENMUDM 6,454,1984
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsovary/hamster100 mg/LENMUDM 6,539,1984
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsembryo/rat100 µg/LJTEHD6 4,79,1978
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsintraperitoneal/mouse4 mg/kg/4D-continuousMUREAV 412,161,1998
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/mouse3700 mg/LJEPTDQ 4(2-3),327,1980
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/human14 mmol/LMUREAV 128,221,1984
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsovary/hamster200 mg/L/5H (-enzymatic activation step)JAPTO* 21,449,2001
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsovary/hamster200 mg/L/5H (+enzymatic activation step)JAPTO* 21,449,2001
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium135 nmol/plate/48H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 541,123,2003
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium360 mg/L/2H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 578,210,2005
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium1 mg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)MUTAEX 16,479,2001
mutation in microorganisms/Saccharomyes cerevisiae1.56 mg/L/16HMUTAEX 20,317,2005
mutation in microorganisms/Saccharomyes cerevisiae50 mg/L/18H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 653,63,2008
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium196 nmol/tube/45H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 653,14,2008
mutation in microorganisms/Schizosaccharomyces pombe1000 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)FCTOD7 49,1303,2011
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium50 µmol/L/72H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 741,109,2012
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium5 µg/plate/48H (+enzymatic activation step)FCTOD7 50,3360,2012
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli140 nmol/plate (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 135,87,1984
mutation in microorganisms/Aspergillus nidulans20096 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 80,265,1981
mutation in microorganisms/Neurospora crassa100 nmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 3,537,1966
mutation in microorganisms/Neurospora crassa90 mmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 31,195,1975
mutation in microorganisms/Saccharomyes cerevisiae450 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)BBRCA9 83,14,1978
mutation in microorganisms/Saccharomyes cerevisiae350 mmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 45,309,1977
mutation in microorganisms/Other microorganisms1 pph/72H-continuous (-enzymatic activation step)SOGEBZ 10,522,1974
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium50 µL/plate (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 54,101,1978
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium10 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)CALEDQ 47,63,1989
mutation in microorganismsmammary gland/mouse10 mmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 30,249,1975
mutation in microorganismslymphocyte/mouse100 µg/L (+enzymatic activation step)ENMUDM 9,331,1987
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium0.2 µmol/plate/48H (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 484,61,2001
mutation in microorganismslung/hamster100 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)CRNGDP 6,1403,1985
mutation in microorganismsovary/hamster150 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)MOTOEX 1,217,1987
other mutation test systemsintravenous/mouse25 mg/kgARTODN 54,215,1983
other mutation test systemsoral/mouse35 mg/kgCBINA8 21,45,1978
other mutation test systemsintraperitoneal/mouse40 mg/kgCNREA8 44,5110,1984
other mutation test systems/Salmonella typhimurium1500 mg/LMUREAV 192,239,1987
other mutation test systems/Escherichia coli40 nmol/tubePNASA6 79,5971,1982
other mutation test systemsintraperitoneal/rat30 mg/kgBBACAQ 654,31,1981
other mutation test systemsintraperitoneal/rat4 mg/kgBBACAQ 697,336,1982
other mutation test systemsother cell types/human67.5 mmol/L/20H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 746,124,2012
other mutation test systemsother cell types/human1.95 µmol/L/24HTIVIEQ 28,46,2014
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctionparenteral/Drosophila melanogaster2 mmol/LCBINA8 14,21,1976
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctionoral/Drosophila melanogaster2500 µmol/LENMUDM 2,187,1980
sister chromatid exchangeintraperitoneal/rat10 mg/kgMUREAV 107,131,1983
sister chromatid exchangeliver/rat100 nmol/LCRNGDP 8,1077,1987
sister chromatid exchangeoral/rat10 mg/kgMUREAV 251,59,1991
sister chromatid exchangefibroblast/human3 mmol/LENMUDM 4,203,1982
sister chromatid exchangelymphocyte/human29 mg/LCNREA8 40,4775,1980
sister chromatid exchangeintraperitoneal/mouse120 µmol/kgTCMUD8 9,219,1989
sister chromatid exchangelung/mouse15 mg/kgPSEBAA 158,269,1978
sister chromatid exchangeintraperitoneal/hamster15 mg/kgPSEBAA 158,269,1978
sister chromatid exchangefibroblast/hamster40 mmol/LMUREAV 51,397,1978
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster500 µg/LENMUDM 7,1,1985
sister chromatid exchangeother cell types/hamster40 mmol/L/30MARTODN 46,61,1980
sister chromatid exchangelung/hamster10 µmol/LENMUDM 6,454,1984
sister chromatid exchangeoral/hamster50 mg/kgMUREAV 113,33,1983
sister chromatid exchangelymphocyte/cattle6 µmol/LMUREAV 290,311,1993
sister chromatid exchangelung/hamster0.01 µmol/L/32HMUREAV 580,41,2005
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster0.2 gm/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)JAPTO* 22,45,2001
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster300 mg/L/2H (+enzymatic activation step)JAPTO* 21,449,2001
specific locus testovary/hamster0.2 gm/L/24H (+enzymatic activation step)JAPTO* 22,45,2001
specific locus testother cell types/mouse10 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 577S,1,2005
specific locus testother cell types/human46.31 mg/L/3H (+enzymatic activation step)MUTAEX 24,35,2009
specific locus testother cell types/human43 mg/L/16H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 724,76,2011
specific locus testmultiple/Drosophila melanogaster74.1 mg/L/48HMUTAEX 19,187,2004
specific locus testovary/hamster700 mg/LPMRSDJ 1,594,1981
specific locus testintraperitoneal/mouse7500 µg/kgARTODN 38,87,1977
specific locus testoral/Drosophila melanogaster100 µmol/LENMUDM 5,455,1983
specific locus testparenteral/Drosophila melanogaster1 mmol/LCNREA8 35,3780,1975
sperm morphologyintraperitoneal/mouse2 mg/kgTXCYAC 12,183,1979
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisliver/monkey5 mmol/LMUREAV 206,91,1988
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisliver/hamster100 µmol/LENMUDM 6,1,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesislung/hamster10 µmol/LENMUDM 6,454,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesissubcutaneous/mouse150 mg/kgPSEBAA 145,1339,1974
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisoral/mouse1200 µg/kgBBRCA9 58,242,1974
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisliver/mouse10 µmol/LTOPADD 12,119,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisintraperitoneal/mouse3 mg/kgTXAPA9 53,357,1980
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisother cell types/human30 mg/LMUREAV 271,201,1992
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisliver/other fish100 µmol/LNCIMAV 65,163,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisother cell types/human1300 µmol/LMUREAV 235,81,1990
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisfibroblast/human1 mmol/L/1HIJCNAW 16,284,1975
Unscheduled DNA SynthesisHeLa cell/human100 µmol/LCNREA8 38,2621,1978
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisother cell types/human1 mmol/LJJIND8 69,557,1982
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisliver/human1 mmol/LBANRDU 13,101,1982
Unscheduled DNA Synthesissubcutaneous/rat1560 µg/kgBIMDB3 20,119,1974
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisliver/rat30 mg/LMUREAV 124,299,1983
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisoral/rat625 µg/kgMUREAV 344,109,1995
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisintraperitoneal/rat1 mg/kgCRNGDP 3,1071,1982
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisinhalation/rat500 ppm/4HPAACA3 25,106,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisother cell types/rat5 mmol/LCRNGDP 5,1453,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisother cell types/rat1 mmol/LCRNGDP 5,773,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisother cell types/rat5 mmol/LPAACA3 25,106,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisliver/human10 mmol/L/44HMUREAV 559,211,2004
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisintravenous/rat10 mg/kgTCMUD8 23(Suppl 1),137,2003

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intraperitoneal/rat 5 mg/kg (12D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathCNREA8 33,2231,1973
intraperitoneal/mouse 10 mg/kg (18D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicTXCYAC 24,251,1982
intraplacental/rat 500 µg/kg (13D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathBEXBAN 78,1308,1974
intravenous/rat 20 mg/kg (10D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathZEKBAI 71,32,1968
oral/mouse 1940 µg/kg (75D prior to copulation/1-22D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Stillbirth

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)
RCOCB8 19,311,1978
oral/rat 20 mg/kg (20D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)FCTOD7 21,453,1983
oral/rat 30 mg/kg (10D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathZEKBAI 71,32,1968
oral/rat 35 mg/kg (8-14D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death

Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities
VOONAW 13(5),87,1967
oral/rat 30 mg/kg (10D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: AbortionVOONAW 13(5),87,1967
oral/rat 35 mg/kg (1-7D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)VOONAW 13(5),87,1967
unreported route/rat 7 mg/kg (1-7D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetusIARCCD 4,1,1973

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 200 µg/m3/45W- continuousTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
VOONAW 21(6),107,1975
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 200 µg/m3/45W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
VOONAW 21(6),107,1975
intramuscular/rat lowest published toxic dose: 18 mg/kgTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
INURAQ 4,39,1966
intraperitoneal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kgTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
CRNGDP 1,91,1980
intraperitoneal/mouse toxic dose: 7 mg/kgTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
CBINA8 1,395,1969/1970
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kgTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
MUREAV 477,41,2001
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2.400 mg/kg/7D- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
CALEDQ 143,81,1999
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kgTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains
TXAPA9 179,21,2002
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 7 mg/kgTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
IJCNAW 28,199,1981
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kgTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
CNREA8 30,2796,1970
intraperitoneal/rat toxic dose: 40 mg/kgTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Consolidation

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
BJEPA5 51,587,1970
intraperitoneal/rat toxic dose: 30 mg/kgTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors
CRNGDP 5,1003,1984
intraperitoneal/rat toxic dose: 20 mg/kgTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
JSONAU 8,539,1976
intrarenal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kgTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
JJIND8 71,787,1983
intratracheal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 12 mg/kg/8W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
CRNGDP 9,947,1988
intratracheal/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 12 mg/kg/15W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
FCTOD7 26,847,1988
intravenous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 18 mg/kgTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
INURAQ 4,39,1966
multiple/rat lowest published toxic dose: 420 mg/kg/2W- continuousTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
APJAAG 23,87,1973
oral/frog lowest published toxic dose: 3076 mg/kg/29W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
BEXBAN 92,1084,1981
oral/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 13 mg/kgTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
BJCAAI 46,985,1982
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 49 mg/kg/71W- continuousTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
IARCCD 14,443,1976
oral/mouse toxic dose: 370 mg/kg/56W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
JNCIAM 41,1213,1968
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 140 µg/kg (4W pre-3W after birth)Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
JJIND8 62,1553,1979
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 80 mg/kg/8W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
IJCNAW 28,199,1981
oral/mouse toxic dose: 11 mg/kg/16W- continuousTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
PAACA3 25,98,1984
oral/rabbit lowest published toxic dose: 325 mg/kg/37W- continuousTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
BJCAAI 23,125,1969
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg (21D pregnant)Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
BEXBAN 78,1308,1974
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 23 mg/kg/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
CNREA8 41,4997,1981
oral/rat toxic dose: 42 mg/kg/30W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
CNREA8 41,4997,1981
oral/rat toxic dose: 336 mg/kg/2W- continuousTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
TOLED5 18(Suppl 1),115,1983
oral/rat toxic dose: 114 mg/kg/81W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
GISAAA 48(3),19,1983
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg/20W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchogenic carcinoma

Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains
EJCAAH 16,695,1980
subcutaneous/hamster toxic dose: 74200 µg/kg/53W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
CALEDQ 31,181,1986
subcutaneous/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 62 mg/kg/44W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
JNCIAM 51,1295,1973
subcutaneous/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 12 mg/kg (14D pregnant)Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis

Endocrine: Tumors
ZKKOBW 90,79,1977
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 38 mg/kg (17-19D pregnant)Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
VOONAW 17(8),75,1971
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 70 mg/kg/1W- continuousTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
BJCAAI 20,871,1966
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 24466 µg/kg/20W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors
CNREA8 46,498,1986
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 7 mg/kg (15-21D pregnant)Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors
IARCCD 4,1,1973

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Human, colon tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 mmol/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitroTOLED5 207,232,2011
In Vitro/Human, colon tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 mmol/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTOLED5 207,232,2011
In Vitro/Human, colon tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 mmol/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitro

In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays
TOLED5 207,232,2011
In Vitro/ntaInhibitor Concentration Low: >250 µmol/L/5DIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assayJENSC* 58,302,2017
inhalation/Dog Lowest published lethal concentration: 16 ppm/4HBehavioral: Food intake (animal)

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase
AMIHAB 12,617,1955
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 57 ppm/4HEye: Other eye effects

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Blood: Hemorrhage
AMIHAB 12,617,1955
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 78 ppm/4HEye: Other eye effects

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Blood: Hemorrhage
AMIHAB 12,617,1955
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 78 ppm/4HENTOX* -,255,2005
intraperitoneal/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 13700 µg/kgCRNGDP 5,533,1984
intraperitoneal/hamster lowest published lethal dose: 30 mg/kgCRNGDP 1,91,1980
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 19 mg/kgEXPEAM 32,495,1976
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kgLiver: Other changesMUREAV 577S,1,2005
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kgLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
TOXRE* 1,707,2014
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kgEndocrine: Change in LH

Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction

Endocrine: Androgenic
BCHOP* 3,40,2016
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kgBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes
BCHOP* 3,40,2016
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kgLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
FCTOD7 46,1279,2008
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kgLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
ETPAEK 61,287,2009
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Food intake (animal)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
FATOAO 46,111,1983
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 26500 µg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Gastrointestinal: Other changes

Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair
BJIMAG 11,167,1954
intravenous/rat lowest published lethal dose: 40 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Gastrointestinal: Other changes

Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair
BJIMAG 11,167,1954
oral/Dog lowest published lethal dose: 20 mg/kgBehavioral: Muscle weakness

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Blood: Hemorrhage
BJIMAG 11,167,1954
oral/guinea pig lowest published lethal dose: 25 mg/kgLiver: Liver function tests impaired

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes primarily in glomeruli

Blood: Thrombocytopenia
STGNBT -,183,1999
oral/hamster lethal dose (50 percent kill): 28 mg/kgGastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse

Liver: Fatty liver degeneration
JNCIAM 33,341,1964
oral/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 10 mg/kgLiver: Liver function tests impaired

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes primarily in glomeruli

Blood: Thrombocytopenia
STGNBT -,183,1999
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 37 mg/kgGISAAA 50(8),81,1985
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kgLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
BCPCA6 67,2141,2004
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 26 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Multiple effects

Blood: Hemorrhage
ENTOX* -,255,2005
oral/woman lowest published lethal dose: 20 mg/kg/2.5YGastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from small intestine

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase
ONCOBS 37,273,1980
subcutaneous/hamster lethal dose (50 percent kill): 17700 µg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Other changes

Blood: Other changes
BJCAAI 33,411,1976
subcutaneous/mammal (species unspecified) lethal dose (50 percent kill): 10 mg/kgLiver: Other changes

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
AVSCA7 22,501,1981
subcutaneous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 15 mg/kgLiver: Liver function tests impaired

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes primarily in glomeruli

Blood: Thrombocytopenia
STGNBT -,183,1999
unreported route/guinea pig lowest published lethal dose: 25 mg/kgBlood: HemorrhageBJIMAG 11,167,1954
unreported route/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 20 mg/kgLiver: Other changesBJIMAG 11,167,1954
unreported route/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 10 mg/kgLiver: Other changesBJIMAG 11,167,1954
unreported route/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kgLiver: Multiple effectsFATOAO 48,103,1985
unreported route/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 36 mg/kgGISAAA 45(8),11,1980

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 360 mg/kg/12W- continuousLiver: Tumors

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
MUREAV 579,81,2005
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 360 mg/kg/12W- continuousLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
MUREAV 579,81,2005
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 360 mg/kg/12W- continuousRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldMUREAV 579,81,2005
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg/24D- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
BPBLEO 31,309,2008
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg/3W- intermittentBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: TransaminasesJTPAE7 17,205,2004
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Liver: Jaundice (or hyperbilirubinemia) hepatocellular

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
CHMED* 3,1,2008
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 µL/kg/4W- continuousLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
BPBLEO 32,1364,2009
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.12 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
BJPCBM 156,1019,2009
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
FCTOD7 48,3137,2010
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
FCTOD7 49,93,2011
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
JOETD7 134,953,2011
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/5W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
JOETD7 142,811,2012
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 140 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Liver: Liver function tests impaired

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
JOETD7 153,854,2014
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Liver: Liver function tests impaired

Liver: Other changes
JOETD7 189,148,2016
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
JOETD7 190,83,2016
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 160 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)TOXID9 72,345,2003
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
CEXPB9 28,522,2001
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 90 µL/kg/3W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
CBINA8 147,9,2004
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 90 µL/kg/3W- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
CBINA8 147,9,2004
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 µL/kg/4W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Liver: Liver function tests impaired

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
TOXID9 66,365,2002
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 150 µL/kg/5W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)TOXID9 60,345,2001
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/4W- intermittentBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Liver: Changes in liver weight
BPBLEO 27,72,2004
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 90 µL/kg/3W- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other
TXAPA9 240,377,2009
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 23800 µg/kg/17W- continuousImmunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
JTEHD6 37,351,1992
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 156 mg/kg/7D- intermittentBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases
TXAPA9 16,626,1970
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 412 mg/kg/16W- continuousNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainBJIMAG 11,167,1954
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 14 mg/kg/14D- intermittentLiver: TumorsMUREAV 780-781,2,2015
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.8 mg/kg/2D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
TXAPA9 243,300,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5.6 mg/kg/14D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
TXAPA9 243,300,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 36 mg/kg/90D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins
TXAPA9 243,300,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg/15D- intermittentBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
MUREAV 702,40,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg/15D- intermittentBlood: Changes in cell count (unspecified)

Blood: Changes in platelet count
MUREAV 702,40,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 28 mg/kg/7D- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TOSCF2 77,19,2004
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 56 mg/kg/14D- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TOSCF2 77,19,2004
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 63 mg/kg/3W- intermittentBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
GISAAA 50(8),81,1985

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Control as low as possible (skin)DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 17,125,1978
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 17,125,1978
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2AIMSUDL 7,56,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRREVAH 64,77,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWGMCRDC 17,107,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 41,157,1977
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW85CVA2 5,257,1970
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWATXKA8 28,135,1971
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAPLMAS 107,54,1983
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWBLFSBY 24,129,1983
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWONCOBS 37,259,1980
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 14,141,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 588,88,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWEMMUEG 44,44,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 19,251,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWDIMON* 39,678,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 628,31,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 44,1699,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 627,10,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 627,59,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 635,90,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,249,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,255,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 566,183,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 636,178,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 635,52,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 658,124,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 19,169,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 659,202,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWJTPAE7 19,1,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 657,84,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 608,136,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 231,197,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 180,110,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 636,144,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 681,68,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 17,495,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 590,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 678,113,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 23,271,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 705,184,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 26,231,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 678,76,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 26,223,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 723,101,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 653,99,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWEMMUEG 50,68,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 723,108,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 25,3,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 783,19,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 783,36,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 769,34,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 783,66,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 786-788,14,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 224,319,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWEMMUEG 44,372,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 795,7,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 31,117,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 86,309,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 802,1,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 31,347,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWEMMUEG 58,632,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 109,650,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 33,179,2018
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 60,268,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWVETOX* ,339,2018

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARDskin-SUSPECTED CARCINOGENDTLWS* 3,25,1973
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIACarcinogen, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIATRK-TMW 0.001 mg/m3;KZW 0.004 mg/m3, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIATRK 0.0025 mg/m3 (production), JAN 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMSkin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDskin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENGroup B Carcinogen, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 0.001 mg/m3, carc 2, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 0.001 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1926.1116CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)see Appendix A3 (skin)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1910.1016CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1915.1016CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)-cancer suspect agentCFRGBR 29,1910.1016,1987

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE-airCarcinogen use 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.1016NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 51110; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 75; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 747; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 299

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/90/182130/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: E coli polA without S9
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Rodent dominant lethal; Mouse spot test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: SHE-clonal assay; Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Cytogenetics-male germ cell; Sperm morphology-mouse
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: UDS in mouse germ cells
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro cytogenetics-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro SCE-nonhuman; In vivo SCE-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: CHO gene mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster-reciprocal translocation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Host-mediated assay; L5178Y cells in vitro-TK test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro UDS in rat liver; V79 cell culture-gene mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Mammalian micronucleus; N crassa-forward mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: N crassa-reversion; E coli polA with S9
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae-forward mutation; S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S pombe-forward mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: TRP reversion; S cerevisiae gene conversion
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Nitrosamines, 2522
NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens,2016:Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogen
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #27
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #6
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018