Benzene, 1,2,4-trichloro-

RTECS #

DC2100000

CAS #

120-82-1
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

July 2014

Molecular Weight

181.44

Molecular Formula

C₆H₃Cl₃

Synonyms

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene (ACGIH)
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzol
1,2,5-Trichlorobenzene
1,3,4-Trichlorobenzene
Hostetex L-pec
Trojchlorobenzen (Polish)
unsym-Trichlorobenzene

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
skin /rabbit	1950 mg/13W- intermittent	moderate	AEHLAU 30,165,1975

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
micronucleus test	intraperitoneal/mouse	210 mg/kg/24H	MUTAEX 2,111,1987

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
intraperitoneal/rat	750 mg/kg (3D prior to copulation)	Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina	JTEHD6 8,489,1981
oral/rat	3600 mg/kg (multigeneration)	Reproductive: Other effects on male Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects	HPV173 -,-,2002
oral/rat	1800 mg/kg (9-13D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death	ENVRAL 31,362,1983

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 2336 gm/kg/2Y- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	NTIS** OTS0571797

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/Human, melanoma	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >2500 mg/L/48H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.	FCTOD7 50,2084,2012
inhalation/mammal (species unspecified)	lowest published toxic concentration: 200 mg/m³	Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning	VCVGK* -,26,1984
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1223 mg/kg		MUTAEX 2,111,1987
intraperitoneal/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kg	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	TXAPA9 111,69,1991
intraperitoneal/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg	Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)	TXAPA9 111,69,1991
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 756 mg/kg		VCVGK* -,26,1984
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 300 mg/kg	Behavioral: Altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Ataxia	NAIZAM 29,569,1978
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 756 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold	AOHYA3 12,209,1969
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 756 mg/kg		HPV173 -,-,2002
skin/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 6100 mg/kg		VCVGK* -,26,1984
skin/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6139 mg/kg		HPV173 -,-,2002
skin/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6139 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold	AOHYA3 12,209,1969

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m³/4Y- intermittent	Behavioral: Headache Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in cell count (unspecified)	VCVGK* -,27,1994
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 500 mg/m³/7H/3W- intermittent	Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Blood: Changes in cell count (unspecified) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	VCVGK* -,27,1994
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m³/17W- intermittent	Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count	VCVGK* -,27,1994
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 25 ppm/26W- intermittent	Liver: Other changes	VCVGK* -,27,1994
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 13104 mg/kg/26W- continuous	Liver: Other changes Liver: Tumors	CMSHAF 1,279,1972
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 6048 mg/kg/12W- continuous	Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight	CMSHAF 1,153,1972
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 280 mg/kg/14D- continuous	Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases	TXAPA9 37,170,1976
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 7380 mg/kg/13W- continuous	Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)	DCTODJ 11,11,1988
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 280 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)	BCPCA6 27,361,1978
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 181 mg/kg/2W- intermittent	Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases	VCVGK* -,27,1994
skin/mammal (species unspecified)	lowest published toxic dose: 840 mg/kg/4W- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments	VCVGK* -,26,1994
skin/mammal (species unspecified)	lowest published toxic dose: 12600 mg/kg/4W- intermittent	Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse	VCVGK* -,26,1994

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-ceiling concentration 5 ppm	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 721,27,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 763,36,2014

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	ceiling concentration 5 ppm (37 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 2 ppm (15.1 mg/m³);KZW 5 ppm (37.8 mg/m³), skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 2 ppm (15.1 mg/m³), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	short term exposure limit 5 ppm (37.8 mg/m³), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 2 ppm (15 mg/m³), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-EC	time-weighted average 15.1 mg/m³ (2 ppm);short term exposure limit 37.8 mg/m³ (5 ppm), skin, JUN2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 2 ppm (15 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 5 ppm (38 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 2 ppm (15.1 mg/m³), VLE 5 ppm (37.8 mg/m³), Skin, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY	time-weighted average 15.1 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 37.8 mg/m³, Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 2 ppm (15 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 5 ppm (37.8 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	ceiling concentration 5 ppm (40 mg/m³), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	peak 5 ppm (40 mg/m³), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	ceiling concentration 5 ppm (37 mg/m³), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 2 ppm (14,8 mg/m³); short term exposure limit 5 ppm (37 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 2 ppm (15 mg/m³), Skin, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 5 ppm (38 mg/m³), skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 15.1 mg/m³, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 1 ppm;short term exposure limit 5 ppm, skin, OCT2007

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO 1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE-air	ceiling concentration 5 ppm	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 83334; Number of Industries 6; Total Number of Facilities 78; Number of Occupations 14; Total Number of Employees Exposed 4033; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1463
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 83334; Number of Industries 4; Total Number of Facilities 74; Number of Occupations 8; Total Number of Employees Exposed 1687

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE	FEREAC 47,26992,82
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Polychlorobenzenes, 5517
On EPA IRIS database

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health