Benzene, o-dichloro-
RTECS #
CZ4500000
CAS #
Updated
June 2018
Molecular Weight
147.00
Molecular Formula
C6H4Cl2
Synonyms
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
Benzene, 1,2-dichloro-
Chloroben
Dilatin DB
Dizene
Dowtherm E
NCI-C54944
o-Dichlor benzol
o-Dichlorbenzene
o-Dichlorobenzene
o-Dichlorobenzene (ACGIH:OSHA)
Orthodichlorobenzene
Orthodichlorobenzol
Special termite fluid
Termitkil
Benzene, 1,2-dichloro-
Chloroben
Dilatin DB
Dizene
Dowtherm E
NCI-C54944
o-Dichlor benzol
o-Dichlorbenzene
o-Dichlorobenzene
o-Dichlorobenzene (ACGIH:OSHA)
Orthodichlorobenzene
Orthodichlorobenzol
Special termite fluid
Termitkil
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /rabbit | 100 mg/30S rinse | mild | AMIHAB 17,180,1958 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| gene conversion and mitotic recombination | /Saccharomyes cerevisiae | 1 mmol/L | MUREAV 413,205,1998 |
| micronucleus test | intraperitoneal/mouse | 187 mg/kg | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| micronucleus test | intraperitoneal/mouse | 187 mg/kg/24H | MUTAEX 2,111,1987 |
| mutation in microorganisms | lymphocyte/mouse | 6500 µg/L (+enzymatic activation step) | SCIEAS 236,933,1987 |
| sister chromatid exchange | ovary/hamster | 59 mg/L | SCIEAS 236,933,1987 |
| specific locus test | inhalation/mouse | 68 µmol/L | MUREAV 608,29,2006 |
| sperm morphology | intraperitoneal/rat | 250 mg/kg | JACTDZ 4(2),224,1985 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | 50 ppm (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Other effects on male Reproductive: Other effects on female | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| inhalation/rat | 150 ppm (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Other effects on male Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| inhalation/rat | 100 ppm (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| inhalation/rat | 400 ppm (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| inhalation/rabbit | 100 ppm (6-18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| inhalation/rat | 200 ppm/6H (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | FAATDF 5,190,1985 |
| inhalation/rat | 500 ppm/6H (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | NTIS** OTS0535228 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | 50 mg/kg (1D male) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) | JACTDZ 4(1),224,1985 |
Tumorigenic Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 30900 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Endocrine: Adrenal cortex tumors | NTIS** PB86-144888/AS |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| In Vitro/Human, melanoma | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >2500 mg/L/48H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc. | FCTOD7 50,2084,2012 |
| In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >17.0 mmol/L/48H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc. | TIVIEQ 27,1357,2013 |
| In Vitro/paa | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 185 µmol/L/44H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TIVIEQ 27,1416,2013 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | Lowest published lethal concentration: 800 ppm/24H | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse | JPBAA7 44,281,1937 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1236 ppm/6H | HPV173 -,-,2002 | |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 8150 mg/m3/4H | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral: General anesthetic Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity | VCVGK* -,24,1984 |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1532 ppm/6H | HPV173 -,-,2002 | |
| inhalation/rat | Lowest published lethal concentration: 821 ppm/7H | Behavioral: General anesthetic Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Eye: Lacrimation | AMIHAB 17,180,1958 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1228 mg/kg | MUTAEX 2,111,1987 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 840 mg/kg | MEPAAX 20,519,1969 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 735 mg/kg | VCVGK* -,24,1984 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 111,69,1991 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 735 mg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreas Gastrointestinal: Other changes | VCVGK* -,24,1984 |
| intravenous/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 400 mg/kg | JPBAA7 44,281,1937 | |
| intravenous/rabbit | lowest published lethal dose: 250 mg/kg | JPBAA7 44,281,1937 | |
| oral/guinea pig | lowest published lethal dose: 2000 mg/kg | HPV173 -,-,2002 | |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4386 mg/kg | YKYUA6 32,471,1981 | |
| oral/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 mg/kg | 85ARAE 3,32,1976/1977 | |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 mg/kg | WRPCA2 9,119,1970 | |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): >10 gm/kg | NTIS** OTS0521597 | |
| subcutaneous/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5 gm/kg | TSCAT* OTS 205976 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 290 mg/m3/7H/26W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | VCVGK* -,24,1994 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 mg/m3/4H/17W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Blood: Changes in cell count (unspecified) | VCVGK* -,24,1994 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 93 ppm/24W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 16250 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 32500 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 7 gm/kg/14D- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-255,1985 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 32500 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight | NTPTR* NTP-TR-255,1985 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 27300 µg/kg/39W- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Blood: Angranulocytosis Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count | GISAAA 33(10),15,1968 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3 gm/kg/10D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count | DCTODJ 14,83,1991 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32500 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count | NTPTR* NTP-TR-255,1985 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9000 mg/kg/90D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 36000 mg/kg/90D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8125 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32500 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Changes in liver weight Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV173 -,-,2002 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 25 ppm;short term exposure limit 50 ppm | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 7,231,1974 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 7,231,1974 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 29,213,1982 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 29,213,1982 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal No Cancer Evidence | IMEMDT 73,223,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 73,223,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 3 | IMEMDT 73,223,1999 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ENTOX* -,5,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 584,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 682,94,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 741,32,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 721,27,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 763,36,2014 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 55,596,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUTAEX 32,491,2017 |
Standards and Regulations
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION | FEREAC 54,7740,1989 | |
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES | Cancelled | RBREV* -,249,1998 |
| Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD | air-ceiling concentration 50 ppm (300 mg/m3) | DTLVS* 3,76,1971 |
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV; | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 25 ppm (150 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 50 ppm (301 mg/m3), JUL2008 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA | MAK-TMW 20 ppm (122 mg/m3);KZW 50 ppm (306 mg/m3), skin, 2007 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | time-weighted average 20 ppm (122 mg/m3), MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | short term exposure limit 50 ppm (306 mg/m3), Skin, MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK | time-weighted average 20 ppm (122 mg/m3), skin, MAY2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-EC | time-weighted average 122 mg/m3 (20 ppm);short term exposure limit 306 mg/m3 (50 ppm), skin, JUN2000 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND | time-weighted average 10 ppm (61 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 50 ppm (300 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE | VME 20 ppm (122 mg/m3), VLE 50 ppm (306 mg/m3), Skin, FEB2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY | MAK 10 ppm (61 mg/m3), skin, 2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY | time-weighted average 122 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 306 mg/m3, Skin, SEP2000 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND | time-weighted average 20 ppm (122 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 50 ppm (306 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN | Occupational Exposure Limit 25 ppm (150 mg/m3), MAY2012 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA | ceiling concentration 50 ppm (300 mg/m3), 2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO | time-weighted average 50 ppm (300 mg/m3), 2004 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND | ceiling concentration 50 ppm (301 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY | time-weighted average 25 ppm (150 mg/m3), JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU | time-weighted average 25 ppm (150 mg/m3); short term exposure limit 50 ppm (301 mg/m3), JUL2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND | MAC(time-weighted average) 20 mg/m3, MAC(CEILING) 300 mg/m3, JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA | short term exposure limit 50 mg/m3, JUN2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN | time-weighted average 25 ppm (150 mg/m3), ceiling concentration 50 ppm (300 mg/m3), JUN2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND | MAK-week 10 ppm (61 mg/m3), KZG-week 20 ppm (122 mg/m3), skin, JAN2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILAND | time-weighted average 50 ppm (300 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS | MAC-TGG 122 mg/m3, 2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES | time-weighted average 50 ppm (300 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY | time-weighted average 50 ppm (300 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM | time-weighted average 25 ppm (153 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 50 ppm (306 mg/m3), skin, OCT2007 | |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) | ceiling concentration 50 ppm (300 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) | ceiling concentration 50 ppm (300 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) | ceiling concentration 50 ppm (300 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) | ceiling concentration 50 ppm (300 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO o-DICHLOROBENZENE-air | ceiling concentration 50 ppm | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
| National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code 24003; Number of Industries 59; Total Number of Facilities 10577; Number of Occupations 59; Total Number of Employees Exposed 92246; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 12686 | |
| National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 | Hazard Code 24003; Number of Industries 83; Total Number of Facilities 8838; Number of Occupations 69; Total Number of Employees Exposed 72149 |
Status in Federal Agencies
| Organization | Reference |
|---|---|
| EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE | FEREAC 47,26992,82 |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY | |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies | |
| EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001 | |
| NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);no evidence:mouse,rat | |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, halogenated, 1003 | |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Volatile organic compound, 2549 | |
| On EPA IRIS database |
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health