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Aniline, p-nitro-

RTECS #
BY7000000
CAS #
100-01-6
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
138.14
Molecular Formula
C6H6N2O2
Synonyms
1-Amino-4-nitrobenzene
4-Nitraniline
4-Nitroaniline
4-Nitrobenzenamine
Aniline, 4-nitro-
Azoamine Red ZH
Azoic Diazo Component 37
Benzenamine, 4-nitro- (9CI)
C.I. 37035
C.I. Azoic Diazo Component 37
C.I. Developer 17
Developer P
Devol Red GG
Diazo Fast Red GG
Fast Red 2G Base
Fast Red Base 2J
Fast Red Base GG
Fast Red GG Base
Fast Red MP Base
Fast Red P Base
Naphtoelan Red GG Base
NCI-C60786
Nitrazol CF Extra
p-Aminonitrobenzene
PNA
p-Nitraniline
p-Nitroanilina (Polish)
p-Nitroaniline
p-Nitroaniline (ACGIH:OSHA)
p-Nitrophenylamine
RCRA waste number P077
Red 2G Base
Shinnippon Fast Red GG Base

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysisovary/hamster173 mg/LEMMUEG 27,67,1996
DNA Damageother cell types/mouse4 µmol/LMUREAV 715,25,2011
DNA repair/Bacillus subtilis5 mg/discMUREAV 170,11,1986
mutation in microorganisms/Other microorganisms1500 µg/L (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 173,233,1986
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium333 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)ENMUDM 5(Suppl 1),3,1983
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium50 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 44,9,1977
phage inhibition capacity/Escherichia coli100 mmol/LMDMIAZ 31,11,1979
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster1600 mg/LEMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/rat 1764 mg/kg (14W male/14W prior to copulation)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)FAATDF 15,607,1990
oral/mouse 9600 mg/kg (6-13D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)
TCMUD8 7,29,1987
oral/rat 1190 mg/kg (6-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on femaleHPV303 -,-,2003
oral/rat 3500 mg/kg (6-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system
HPV303 -,-,2003
oral/rabbit 1625 mg/kg (7-19D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on femaleHPV303 -,-,2003

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 51500 mg/kg/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Vascular: Tumors
NTPTR* NTP-TR-418,1993
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 51500 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Angiosarcoma

Blood: Normocytic anemia
NTIS** PB94-104528

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Non-mammalian species, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 1.83 mmol/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell countingTIVIEQ 7,537,1993
intramuscular/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 800 mg/kgIGIBA5 15,151,1966
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 250 mg/kgNTIS** AD691-490
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 600 mg/kg85GMAT -,92,1982
intravenous/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published lethal dose: 40 mg/kgBlood: Methemoglobinemia- CarboxhemoglobinemiaXPHBAO 271,34,1941
oral/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 450 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
VKMGA7 6,89,1966
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 810 mg/kgTXAPA9 42,417,1977
oral/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in pulmonary vascular resistance

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory obstruction

Liver: Multiple effects
TPKVAL 7,138,1965
oral/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 5000 mg/kgKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Blood: Hemorrhage

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia
TPKVAL 7,138,1965
oral/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 3000 mg/kgCardiac: EKG changes not diagnostic of above

Blood: Changes in spleen

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease
TPKVAL 7,138,1965
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1000 mg/kgBrain and Coverings: Changes in circulation

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Cardiac: EKG changes not diagnostic of above
TPKVAL 7,138,1965
oral/quail lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 gm/kgAECTCV 12,355,1983
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1400 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Other changes
HPV303 -,-,2003
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 750 mg/kgCEHYAN 23,168,1978
oral/wild bird lethal dose (50 percent kill): 75 mg/kgTXAPA9 21,315,1972
skin/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): >500 mg/kgNTIS** OTS0572389

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 510 mg/m3/6H/2W- intermittentBlood: Other hemolysis with or without anemia

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
NTIS** OTS0546534
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 80 mg/m3/6H/4W- intermittentEndocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
FAATDF 6,618,1986
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/4W- continuousEndocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Blood: Changes in spleen
HPV303 -,,2003
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 32 mg/m3/4W- continuousEndocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in spleen
HPV303 -,,2003
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/14D- intermittentBlood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Blood: Changes in platelet count
NTPTR* NTP-TR-418,1993
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 650 mg/kg/13W- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in spleen
NTPTR* NTP-TR-418,1993
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 270 mg/kg/90D- continuousBlood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in spleen
HPV303 -,,2003
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 900 mg/kg/90D- continuousEndocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
HPV303 -,,2003
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6750 mg/kg/2W- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
NTIS** OTS0533716
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2700 mg/kg/90D- intermittentBlood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in spleen

Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified)
TOXID9 3,128,1983
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/30D- intermittentBlood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
GISAAA 50(4),82,1985
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 180 mg/kg/26W- intermittentBehavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
GISAAA 50(4),82,1985
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 6552 mg/kg/2Y- intermittentBlood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight
FAATDF 15,607,1990

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 3 mg/m3 (skin)DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 567,347,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 60,120,2011

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 1 ppm (6 mg/m3) (skin)DTLVS* 3,182,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypttime-weighted average 1 ppm (6 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 3 mg/m3, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 1 ppm (6 mg/m3), skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 3 mg/m3, Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (3 mg/m3), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 1 ppm (5.7 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 3 ppm (17 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 3 mg/m3, Skin, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYtime-weighted average 6 mg/m3, Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (3 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPANOccupational Exposure Limit 3 mg/m3, skin, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 3 mg/m3, skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 1 ppm (6 mg/m3) (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 3 mg/m3, skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 3 mg/m3, JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 3 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 10 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.3 mg/m3, Skin, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 0.5 ppm (3 mg/m3), skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 6 mg/m3, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 1 ppm (6 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 1 ppm (6 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 1 ppm (6 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 1 ppm (6 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 1 ppm (6 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 1 ppm (6 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO p-NITROANILINE-air10H time-weighted average 3 mg/m3 (Sk)NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code M3131; Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 48; Number of Occupations 7; Total Number of Employees Exposed 1448; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 262
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code M3131; Number of Industries 4; Total Number of Facilities 281; Number of Occupations 10; Total Number of Employees Exposed 2814

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULEFEREAC 47,26992,82
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);equivocal evidence:rat
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: p-Nitroaniline, 5033
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018