Acetamide, N-fluoren-2-yl-

RTECS #

AB9450000

CAS #

53-96-3
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

March 2019

Molecular Weight

223.29

Molecular Formula

C₁₅H₁₃NO

Synonyms

2-(Acetylamino)fluorene
2AAF
2-AAF
2-Acetamidofluorene
2-Acetaminofluorene
2-Acetylamino-fluoren (German)
2-Acetylaminofluorene
2-Acetylaminofluorene (OSHA)
2-FAA
2-Fluorenylacetamide
AAF
Acetamide, N-9H-fluoren-2-yl- (9CI)
Acetoaminofluorene
Acetylaminofluorene
Azetylaminofluoren (German)
FAA
N-2-Fluorenylacetamide
N-9H-Fluoren-2-ylacetamide
N-Acetyl-2-aminofluorene
N-Fluoren-2-ylacetamide
RCRA waste number U005

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
body fluid assay	Salmonella typhimurium/rat	1600 µg/kg	PNASA6 71,737,1974
body fluid assay	ovary/rat	53 mg/kg	MUREAV 143,263,1985
body fluid assay	Salmonella typhimurium/mouse	20 mg/kg	MUREAV 117,79,1983
Cytogenetic Analysis	oral/rat	50 mg/kg	MUREAV 251,59,1991
Cytogenetic Analysis	liver/rat	10 mg/L	MUREAV 64,329,1979
Cytogenetic Analysis	lung/hamster	10 mg/L	ATSUDG 4,41,1980
Cytogenetic Analysis	lung/hamster	20 mg/L/2H	MUREAV 604,8,2006
DNA adduct	unreported route/rat	93.8 gm/kg/12W- intermittent	TOXID9 66,181,2002
DNA adduct	oral/rat	1.24 mg/kg/16W- intermittent	TOXID9 78,224,2004
DNA adduct	oral/mouse	31.36 mg/kg/31D- intermittent	TOXID9 -,454,2009
DNA adduct	lymphocyte/wild bird	700 pmol/plate	CNREA8 37,3756,1977
DNA adduct	fibroblast/human	50 µmol/L/2H	MUREAV 484,3,2001
DNA adduct	intraperitoneal/rat	50 mg/kg	MUTAEX 17,45,2002
DNA adduct	liver/mouse	60 µmol/L	JJIND8 62,947,1979
DNA adduct	Ascites tumor/mouse	5 µmol/L	MUREAV 89,95,1981
DNA adduct	/Escherichia coli	5 µmol/L	MUREAV 89,95,1981
DNA adduct	HeLa cell/human	5 µmol/L	MUREAV 89,95,1981
DNA adduct	other cell types/human	1200 nmol/L	PAACA3 24,63,1983
DNA adduct	intraperitoneal/rat	18 µmol/kg	CBINA8 48,15,1984
DNA adduct	oral/rat	70 mg/kg	CRNGDP 15,857,1994
DNA adduct	oral/rat	0.924 mg/kg/12W- intermittent	MUTAEX 26,605,2011
DNA Damage	oral/rat	2.016 gm/kg/24W- intermittent	MUREAV 722,106,2011
DNA Damage	other cell types/mouse	0.125 mmol/L	MUREAV 715,25,2011
DNA Damage	other cell types/human	10 µmol/L/24H (+/-enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 760,23,2014
DNA Damage	oral/rat	750 mg/kg/3D- intermittent	MUREAV 786-788,172,2015
DNA Damage	other cell types/human	100 µmol/L/24H	MUTAEX 31,83,2016
DNA Damage	other cell types/human	1 mmol/L/4H	EMMUEG 57,171,2016
DNA Damage	other cell types/human	250 µmol/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)	EMMUEG 57,546,2016
DNA Damage	liver/rat	2000 ppm	ENMUDM 4,667,1982
DNA Damage	fibroblast/human	1 mmol/L	ENMUDM 7,267,1985
DNA Damage	other cell types/human	50 µmol/L	MUREAV 468,277,2000
DNA Damage	/Bacillus subtilis	1 mg/disc	PMRSDJ 1,175,1981
DNA Damage	liver/rat	3 µmol/L	SinJF# 26OCT1982
DNA Damage	liver/rat	50 µg/L	ENMUDM 6,427,1984
DNA Damage	oral/other insects	0.25 µmol/tube	MUREAV 480-481,139,2001
DNA Damage	intraperitoneal/mouse	300 mg/kg	MUREAV 493,39,2001
DNA Damage	oral/mouse	600 mg/kg	MUREAV 493,39,2001
DNA Damage	lung/hamster	300 µmol/L/2H	BBRCA9 72,732,1976
DNA Damage	oral/rat	504 mg/kg/6W-continuous	TOXID9 12,402,2008
DNA Damage	oral/rat	75 mg/kg	MUTAEX 23,233,2008
DNA Damage	other cell types/human	0.1 mmol/l/48H	MUREAV 696,21,2010
DNA Damage	liver/human	31.6 µmol/l/48H	MUREAV 696,21,2010
DNA Damage	liver/human	1 mmol/l/48H	MUREAV 696,21,2010
DNA Damage	liver/mouse	125 µmol/L/24H	MUTAEX 25,561,2010
DNA Damage	liver/mouse	125 µmol/L/48H	MUTAEX 25,561,2010
DNA Damage	intraperitoneal/rat	270 mg/kg/3D- intermittent	MUREAV 722,7,2011
DNA Damage	lung/hamster	20 mg/L	MUREAV 604,8,2006
DNA Damage	liver/rat	100 µmol/L/12H	MUREAV 519,163,2002
DNA Damage	liver/human	150 µmol/L/12H	MUREAV 519,163,2002
DNA Damage	lung/hamster	0.1 mmol/L/24H	MUREAV 521,57,2002
DNA inhibition	liver/rat	100 nmol/L	CNREA8 45,337,1985
DNA inhibition	oral/rat	420 mg/kg/6W	CNREA8 33,397,1973
DNA inhibition	oral/mouse	160 mg/kg	CBINA8 5,153,1972
DNA inhibition	intraperitoneal/mouse	200 mg/kg	MUREAV 46,305,1977
DNA repair	oral/Drosophila melanogaster	500 mg/L	MUREAV 290,175,1993
DNA repair	/Escherichia coli	10 mg/L	JJIND8 62,873,1979
DNA repair	/Schizosaccharomyces pombe	2800 nmol/L	CNJGA8 24,771,1982
DNA repair	liver/rat	1 µmol/L	JJCREP 79,204,1988
DNA repair	ovary/hamster	6.25 µmol/L/18H	MUREAV 564,139,2004
DNA repair	oral/rat	504 mg/kg/6W-continuous	TOXID9 12,402,2008
gene conversion and mitotic recombination	/Saccharomyes cerevisiae	1 gm/L	PMRSDJ 1,434,1981
host-mediated assay	Salmonella typhimurium/mouse	495 mg/kg	JJIND8 62,911,1979
host-mediated assay	Salmonella typhimurium/rat	90 mg/kg/5D	AJCNAC 30,1921,1977
micronucleus test	intraperitoneal/mouse	2 mg/kg	PMRSDJ 1,686,1981
micronucleus test	oral/mouse	75 mg/kg	MUREAV 223,361,1989
micronucleus test	oral/rat	50 mg/kg	MUREAV 251,59,1991
micronucleus test	other cell types/human	0.17 µmol/L/20H	MUREAV 536,79,2003
micronucleus test	other cell types/mouse	31.25 mg/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUTAEX 14,403,1999
micronucleus test	unreported route/rat	6720 mg/kg/28D	MUREAV 680,31,2009
micronucleus test	ovary/hamster	333 µmol/L/24H (-enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 630,1,2007
micronucleus test	ovary/hamster	100 µmol/L/3H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 724,7,2011
micronucleus test	liver/human	0.17 µmol/L/20H	MUREAV 536,79,2003
micronucleus test	mammary gland/mouse	28 mg/L/3H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 540,153,2003
micronucleus test	intraperitoneal/hamster	2 gm/kg	MUREAV 43,255,1977
micronucleus test	embryo/hamster	1 µmol/L	MUREAV 203,397,1988
micronucleus test	lung/hamster	100 mg/L	MUREAV 468,137,2000
micronucleus test	oral/rat	1680 mg/kg/28D	MUREAV 780-781,2,2015
micronucleus test	other cell types/human	160 mg/L/3H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 767,28,2014
micronucleus test	lymphocyte/human	41.2 mg/L/3H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 767,28,2014
morphological transform	fibroblast/mouse	10 mg/L/48H	MUREAV 744,20,2012
morphological transform	embryo/mouse	20 mg/L/72H	MUREAV 702,100,2010
morphological transform	embryo/mouse	5 mg/L/10D	MUREAV 702,100,2010
morphological transform	oral/rat	232.96 mg/kg/104W- intermittent	MUTAEX 26,605,2011
morphological transform	intraperitoneal/hamster	750 mg/kg	ARPAAQ 95,380,1973
morphological transform	kidney/hamster	80 µg/L	BJCAAI 37,873,1978
morphological transform	embryo/hamster	12500 µg/L	JJIND8 67,1303,1981
morphological transform	intraperitoneal/rat	200 mg/kg	CRNGDP 10,435,1989
morphological transform	oral/rat	480 mg/kg/8W- intermittent	CRNGDP 5,171,1984
morphological transform	embryo/rat	100 µg/L	JJIND8 67,1303,1981
morphological transform	liver/rat	100 µmol/L	CNREA8 43,5087,1983
morphological transform	mammary gland/mouse	1 µg/L	CNREA8 39,1784,1979
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	liver/rat	1 µmol/L	MUREAV 130,53,1984
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	lymphocyte/human	25 µmol/L	ENMUDM 4,304,1982
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	lymphocyte/mouse	15 mg/L	MUREAV 125,291,1984
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	oral/rat	360 mg/kg/30D-continuous	CALEDQ 143,249,1999
mutation in microorganisms	lymphocyte/mouse	12300 µg/L (+enzymatic activation step)	EMMUEG 12(Suppl 13),37,1988
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	15 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 498,107,2001
mutation in microorganisms	/Escherichia coli	64 mg/L/16H	MUREAV 493,127,2001
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	1 nmol/plate/20M	EMMUEG 38,268,2001
mutation in microorganisms	ovary/hamster	20 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 112,329,1983
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	4 mg/L/72H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 558,181,2004
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	100 µg/plate/72H	MUREAV 558,145,2004
mutation in microorganisms	mammary gland/Salmonella typhimurium	50 µg/plate/24H (+enzymatic activation step)	EMMUEG 41,55,2002
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	0.05 mg/plate/45M (+enzymatic activation step)	TCMUD8 22,285,2002
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	50 µg/plate/72H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUTAEX 14,323,1999
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	2 µmol/L/16H (+enzymatic activation step)	EMMUEG 46,126,2005
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	1.1 µmol/L/48H	EMMUEG 46,126,2005
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	2.5 µg/plate/20M (+enzymatic activation step)	MUTAEX 20,217,2005
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	1 µg/plate	MUREAV 577S,1,2005
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	10 µg/plate/48H	EMMUEG 47,95,2006
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	2.5 µg/plate/48H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUTAEX 20,217,2005
mutation in microorganisms	/Saccharomyes cerevisiae	313 mg/L/18H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 653,63,2008
mutation in microorganisms	/Saccharomyes cerevisiae	100 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step)	CPBTAL 33,1576,1985
mutation in microorganisms	/Schizosaccharomyces pombe	100 µg/L (+/-enzymatic activation step)	PMRSDJ 1,424,1981
mutation in microorganisms	/Other microorganisms	200 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)	CBINA8 22,297,1978
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	300 ng/plate (-enzymatic activation step)	ENMUDM 6(Suppl 2),1,1984
mutation in microorganisms	/Escherichia coli	100 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)	PMRSDJ 1,387,1981
mutation in microorganisms	lymphocyte/mouse	40 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step)	ENMUDM 7(Suppl 3),10,1985
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	10 µg/plate/66H (+enzymatic activation step)	JOETD7 192,302,2016
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	10 µg/plate/66H (-enzymatic activation step)	JOETD7 192,302,2016
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	192 mg/L/65H	EMMUEG 57,687,2016
other mutation test systems	other cell types/human	3.9 µmol/L/24H	TIVIEQ 28,46,2014
other mutation test systems	intraperitoneal/mouse	300 mg/kg	MUREAV 747,164,2012
other mutation test systems	oral/mouse	160 mg/kg	CBINA8 5,153,1972
other mutation test systems	oral/rat	72 mg/kg/3D-continuous	EXMPA6 31,333,1979
other mutation test systems	oral/rat	420 mg/kg/6W	CNREA8 33,397,1973
other mutation test systems	/Escherichia coli	100 µmol/L	MUREAV 203,81,1988
other mutation test systems	/Salmonella typhimurium	50 mg/L	MUREAV 192,239,1987
phage inhibition capacity	/Escherichia coli	200 mg/L	PMRSDJ 1,224,1981
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction	parenteral/silkworm	500 µg	KIKNAJ (28),71,1977
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction	/Saccharomyes cerevisiae	50 mg/L	PMRSDJ 1,468,1981
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction	oral/rat	50 mg/kg	CRNGDP 17,1051,1996
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction	liver/hamster	100 mg/L	PMRSDJ 5,397,1985
sister chromatid exchange	intraperitoneal/hamster	50 mg/kg	MUREAV 113,33,1983
sister chromatid exchange	ovary/hamster	100 µmol/L/150M	MUREAV 58,103,1978
sister chromatid exchange	oral/hamster	50 mg/kg	MUREAV 113,33,1983
sister chromatid exchange	liver/hamster	6 mg/L	MUREAV 207,69,1988
sister chromatid exchange	intraperitoneal/rabbit	3 mg/kg	MUREAV 58,321,1978
sister chromatid exchange	parenteral/chicken	3125 ng/kg	ENMUDM 2,435,1980
sister chromatid exchange	intraperitoneal/mouse	20 mg/kg	MUREAV 157,181,1985
sister chromatid exchange	intraperitoneal/rat	100 mg/kg	MUREAV 91,363,1981
sister chromatid exchange	skin/rat	100 mg/kg	MUREAV 91,363,1981
sister chromatid exchange	liver/rat	4500 µmol/L	MUREAV 93,409,1982
sister chromatid exchange	other cell types/rat	400 µmol/L	MUREAV 93,409,1982
sister chromatid exchange	oral/rat	25 mg/kg	MUREAV 251,59,1991
sister chromatid exchange	lymphocyte/human	4400 µg/L	CNREA8 40,4775,1980
specific locus test	oral/other insects	1000 ppm	MUREAV 268,155,1992
specific locus test	parenteral/Drosophila melanogaster	20 mmol/L	IJCNAW 9,284,1972
specific locus test	intraperitoneal/mouse	223 mg/kg	MUREAV 117,201,1983
specific locus test	oral/rat	6 mg/kg/4D-continuous	CALEDQ 135,215,1999
specific locus test	oral/Drosophila melanogaster	1 mmol/L/24H	MUREAV 514,87,2002
specific locus test	ovary/hamster	5 mg/L/9D	EMMUEG 16,260,1990
specific locus test	lung/hamster	1 µmol/L/24H	MUREAV 521,57,2002
specific locus test	other cell types/human	2.6 mg/L/16H (-enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 724,76,2011
specific locus test	other cell types/human	1.1 mg/L/16H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 724,76,2011
specific locus test	other cell types/human	50 mg/L/3H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUTAEX 24,35,2009
specific locus test	other cell types/human	10 µmol/L/24H	EMMUEG 54,737,2013
sperm morphology	intraperitoneal/mouse	625 mg/kg/5D-continuous	MUREAV 124,235,1983
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/mouse	10 µmol/L	ENMUDM 5,1,1983
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	other cell types/rat	3200 µmol/L	SHKKAN 22,300,1980
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	sperm/rat	100 µmol/L	ENMUDM 6,273,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	intraperitoneal/rat	10 mg/kg	CALEDQ 22,211,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	/Salmonella typhimurium	1 µg	ECEBDI 50,271,1982
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	fibroblast/human	100 µmol/L/5H	IJCNAW 16,284,1975
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	HeLa cell/human	10 µmol/L	CNREA8 38,2621,1978
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/human	1 µmol/L	BANRDU 13,101,1982
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/rat	2 µg/L	MUREAV 190,159,1987
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	oral/rat	5 mg/kg	MUREAV 150,383,1985
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/human	0.1 µmol/L/44H	MUREAV 559,211,2004
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/human	0.00002 µmol/L/24H	FCTOD7 39,999,2001
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/rat	0.1 mg/L/18H	MUREAV 472,75,2000
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	other cell types/rabbit	10 µmol/L	CRNGDP 8,401,1987
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/hamster	10 nmol/L	ENMUDM 6,1,1984

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
intraperitoneal/mouse	100 mg/kg (10D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system	KAIZAN 37,239,1962
intraperitoneal/mouse	100 mg/kg (8D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)	KAIZAN 37,239,1962
intraperitoneal/mouse	625 mg/kg (5D male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)	MUREAV 124,235,1983
intraperitoneal/mouse	2500 mg/kg (5D male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct	MUREAV 124,235,1983
oral/rat	300 mg/kg (9D pregnant)	Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system	IARCCD 4,112,1973

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
implant/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 96 mg/kg	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors	GMCRDC 17,383,1975
implant/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 22 mg/kg	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application	CNREA8 33,2489,1973
intraperitoneal/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg/2W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors	TXAPA9 82,19,1986
intraperitoneal/rabbit	lowest published toxic dose: 3600 mg/kg/40W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors	CNREA8 27,838,1967
intraperitoneal/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 192 mg/kg/4W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors	CNREA8 32,1554,1972
intratracheal/hamster	lowest published toxic dose: 8800 mg/kg/73W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors	JNCIAM 50,503,1973
multiple/hamster	lowest published toxic dose: 3370 mg/kg/37W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors	INURAQ 14,206,1976
oral/cat	lowest published toxic dose: 11 gm/kg/69W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors	CNREA8 11,280,1951
oral/chicken	lowest published toxic dose: 2800 mg/kg/13W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors Liver: Tumors	BJCAAI 9,163,1955
oral/Dog	lowest published toxic dose: 2625 mg/kg/25W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	CNREA8 10,266,1950
oral/hamster	lowest published toxic dose: 9240 mg/kg/44W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	GANNA2 59,239,1968
oral/mouse	toxic dose: 13 gm/kg/53W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors	JCPCBR 19,591,1979
oral/mouse	toxic dose: 13140 mg/kg/1Y- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors	TXAPA9 41,535,1977
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 792.8 mg/kg/12W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains	MUREAV 477,125,2001
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 2738 mg/kg/2.5Y- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors	JTEHD6 33,327,1991
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 7840 mg/kg/49W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors	EJCAAH 5,41,1969
oral/rabbit	lowest published toxic dose: 6500 mg/kg/65W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors	PAMIAD 32,177,1968
oral/rabbit	toxic dose: 14 gm/kg/56W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Ovarian tumors	CNREA8 27,838,1967
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 4368 mg/kg/2Y- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors	JJCREP 84,237,1993
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 672 mg/kg/8W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	TXAPA9 74,63,1984
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1.008 mg/kg/6W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Blood: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens	CALEDQ 154,121,2000
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg/3D- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens	TXCYAC 171,161,2002
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens	TXCYAC 200,69,2004
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1750 mg/kg/25W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens	TXAPA9 194,132,2004
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 105 mg/kg/2W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens	ARTODN 78,460,2004
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 420 mg/kg/6W	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens	FCTOD7 49,434,2011
oral/rat	toxic dose: 1344 mg/kg/16W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)	TXAPA9 19,687,1971
oral/rat	toxic dose: 2940 mg/kg/35W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	TXAPA9 19,687,1971
oral/rat	toxic dose: 2100 mg/kg/25W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	CALEDQ 19,55,1983
oral/rat	toxic dose: 1220 mg/kg/19W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors	CNREA8 22,1002,1962
oral/rat	toxic dose: 2100 mg/kg/30W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors	TXAPA9 5,526,1963
oral/rat	toxic dose: 2610 mg/kg/23W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors	JNCIAM 10,1201,1950
parenteral/chicken	lowest published toxic dose: 3430 mg/kg/3Y	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors	BJCAAI 8,147,1954
parenteral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1700 mg/kg/17W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors	CNREA8 6,617,1946
skin/rat	toxic dose: 2590 mg/kg/23W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Ear: Tumors Liver: Tumors	CNREA8 28,234,1968
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 260 mg/kg/71W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Endocrine: Adrenal cortex tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors	JNCIAM 10,1201,1950
subcutaneous/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kg (15D pregnant)	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis Liver: Tumors	IJCNAW 20,293,1977
subcutaneous/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 2600 mg/kg/43W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	JJCREP 85,794,1994

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
implant/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 280 mg/kg	Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport	TXCYAC 196,155,2004
In Vitro/Human, colon tumor	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >100 µmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 28,46,2014
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 500 µmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays	TIVIEQ 39,15,2017
intraperitoneal/mouse	lowest published lethal dose: 2200 mg/kg		MUREAV 747,164,2012
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 470 mg/kg		ENTOX* -,512,2005
intraperitoneal/rat	Lethal dose: >200 mg/kg		ARTODN 56,151,1985
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 810 mg/kg		ENTOX* -,512,2005
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 810 mg/kg	Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change Behavioral: Altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition	PSEBAA 143,1117,1973
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg	Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	CTSRCS 288,371,1997
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 345 mg/kg	Skin and Appendages: Other: Breast Tumorigenic: Tumor types after systemic administration not seen spontaneously	NATUAS 189,204,1961
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 517.5 mg/kg	Behavioral: General anesthetic	NATUAS 189,204,1961
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1000 mg/kg	Liver: Other changes	TXCYAC 324,43,2014
Tank with water/Zebrafish	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 6.9 µmol/L 3D		TXCYAC 281,25,2011
Tank with water/Zebrafish	Lowest published lethal concentration: 5 µmol/L 3D	Aquatic organism effects: Growth retardation Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities	TXCYAC 281,25,2011
unreported route/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1000 mg/kg	Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)	TOLED5 188,91,2009
unreported route/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg	Liver: Tumors	TOLED5 188,91,2009

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 564 mg/kg/3W- continuous	Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Other changes	APJAAG 36,1039,1986
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 336 mg/kg/16W- continuous	Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	TOSCF2 55,44,2000
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 42 mg/kg/2W- continuous	Liver: Other changes	TOSCF2 55,44,2000
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 672 mg/kg/16W- continuous	Tumorigenic: Cells (cultured) transformed	TOSCF2 55,44,2000
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1344 mg/kg/4W- continuous	Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal	TOSCF2 55,44,2000
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kg/5D- intermittent	Liver: Other changes	TOXID9 72,360,2003
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 232.96 mg/kg/104W- intermittent	Liver: Tumors	MUTAEX 26,605,2011
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 840 mg/kg/28D- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	MUREAV 780-781,2,2015
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 840 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Liver: Tumors	MUREAV 780-781,2,2015
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1680 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight	MUREAV 780-781,2,2015
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1680 mg/kg/28D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight	MUREAV 780-781,2,2015
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1200 mg/kg/4D- intermittent	Liver: Other changes	TXCYAC 324,43,2014
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 94.1 mg/kg/16W- intermittent	Liver: Other changes	TOXID9 78,224,2004
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 504 mg/kg/6W- continuous	Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes	TOXID9 12,402,2008
unreported route/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 84 mg/kg/28D- intermittent	Liver: Other changes	TOXID9 -,132,2009
unreported route/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 7.88 gm/kg/12W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight	TOXID9 66,181,2002

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		32XPAD -,49,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		85CVA2 5,63,1970
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ZEKBAI 71,32,1968
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ADCSAJ 13,271,1970
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		BLFSBY 24,129,1983
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ARPTDI 43,485,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 567,347,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 15,431,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 588,88,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 614,77,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 628,31,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 627,10,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 627,59,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,512,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HETOEA 25,413,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOPADD 32(Suppl. 2),85,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOPADD 33,63,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 540,165,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 658,271,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		JTPAE7 18,69,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		JTPAE7 19,111,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		JTPAE7 19,1,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 590,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 23,271,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 705,184,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 26,223,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 685,21,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 727,16,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 678,152,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 727,104,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 653,99,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 723,108,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 752,45,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		EMMUEG 53,645,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		EMMUEG 53,699,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXAPA9 254,86,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 764-765,46,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 769,34,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 783,19,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 783,66,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 783,23,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 786-788,14,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 765,56,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 768,53,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 795,7,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 31,117,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 802,1,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 31,347,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 110,229,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 53,134,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		VETOX* ,339,2018

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD	air-SUSPECTED CARCINOGEN	DTLWS* 3,8,1973
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	Group A Carcinogen, JUN2005
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1926.1114	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1910.1014	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1915.1014	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)-cancer suspect agent		CFRGBR 29,1910.1014,1987

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE-air	Carcinogen use 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.1014	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code X6612; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 75; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 373

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: In vivo SCE-nonhuman; D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE; E coli polA without S9
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro SCE-human lymphocytes; In vitro SCE-human
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: S cerevisiae gene conversion; S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse; V79 cell culture-gene mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: Cell transform.-BALB/c-3T3; SHE-clonal assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Body fluid assay; Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: CHO gene mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test; In vitro SCE-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Host-mediated assay; L5178Y cells in vitro-TK test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro UDS in rat liver
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Mammalian micronucleus; E coli polA with S9
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens,2016:Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogen

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health