What to know
Characteristics of Tuberculosis Cases in wgMLSType Clusters1 by Alert Levels Based on Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR):2 United States, 2021–2023
| Characteristics | Unique | Clustered | Alert levels for clustered cases3 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-alerted | Medium | High | ||||||||
| (LLR <4) | (LLR 4 – <10) | (LLR ≥10) | ||||||||
| No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | |
| Total | 16,061 | (82.6) | 3,384 | (17.4) | 1,253 | (37.0) | 1,325 | (39.2) | 806 | (23.8) |
| Origin of birth4 | ||||||||||
| U.S.-born | 2,874 | (62.0) | 1,758 | (38.0) | 507 | (28.8) | 621 | (35.3) | 630 | (35.8) |
| Non-U.S.–born | 13,125 | (89.1) | 1,613 | (10.9) | 739 | (45.8) | 699 | (43.3) | 175 | (10.8) |
| Unknown or missing | 62 | (82.7) | 13 | (17.3) | 7 | (53.8) | 5 | (38.5) | 1 | (7.7) |
| Race and ethnicity5 | ||||||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 5,132 | (77.0) | 1,531 | (23.0) | 727 | (47.5) | 560 | (36.6) | 244 | (15.9) |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 75 | (33.8) | 147 | (66.2) | 3 | (2.0) | 30 | (20.4) | 114 | (77.6) |
| Asian | 6,316 | (94.8) | 346 | (5.2) | 137 | (39.6) | 189 | (54.6) | 20 | (5.8) |
| Black or African American | 2,399 | (74.9) | 806 | (25.1) | 208 | (25.8) | 293 | (36.4) | 305 | (37.8) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 115 | (43.7) | 148 | (56.3) | 40 | (27.0) | 88 | (59.5) | 20 | (13.5) |
| White | 1,531 | (82.8) | 318 | (17.2) | 118 | (37.1) | 129 | (40.6) | 71 | (22.3) |
| Multiple race | 324 | (84.8) | 58 | (15.2) | 12 | (20.7) | 24 | (41.4) | 22 | (37.9) |
| Unknown or missing | 62 | (77.5) | 18 | (22.5) | 3 | (16.7) | 5 | (27.8) | 10 | (55.6) |
| Age group (years)6 | ||||||||||
| 0–4 | 55 | (32.7) | 113 | (67.3) | 26 | (23.0) | 58 | (51.3) | 29 | (25.7) |
| 5–14 | 135 | (60.3) | 89 | (39.7) | 19 | (21.3) | 43 | (48.3) | 27 | (30.3) |
| 15–24 | 1,481 | (75.8) | 472 | (24.2) | 200 | (42.4) | 181 | (38.3) | 91 | (19.3) |
| 25–44 | 4,652 | (79.7) | 1,185 | (20.3) | 442 | (37.3) | 466 | (39.3) | 277 | (23.4) |
| 45–64 | 4,581 | (80.6) | 1,102 | (19.4) | 390 | (35.4) | 414 | (37.6) | 298 | (27.0) |
| ≥65 | 5,156 | (92.4) | 423 | (7.6) | 176 | (41.6) | 163 | (38.5) | 84 | (19.9) |
| Disease site | ||||||||||
| Pulmonary only | 11,502 | (81.1) | 2,686 | (18.9) | 976 | (36.3) | 1,066 | (39.7) | 644 | (24.0) |
| Extrapulmonary | 2,458 | (89.5) | 287 | (10.5) | 119 | (41.5) | 97 | (33.8) | 71 | (24.7) |
| Both | 2,055 | (83.5) | 407 | (16.5) | 158 | (38.8) | 158 | (38.8) | 91 | (22.4) |
| Unknown | 46 | (92.0) | 4 | (8.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 4 | (100.0) | 0 | (0.0) |
| Sputum smear | ||||||||||
| Positive | 7,967 | (80.1) | 1,979 | (19.9) | 719 | (36.3) | 786 | (39.7) | 474 | (24.0) |
| Negative | 6,448 | (85.3) | 1,111 | (14.7) | 439 | (39.5) | 410 | (36.9) | 262 | (23.6) |
| Not done | 1,449 | (84.6) | 263 | (15.4) | 83 | (31.6) | 113 | (43.0) | 67 | (25.5) |
| Unknown or missing | 197 | (86.4) | 31 | (13.6) | 12 | (38.7) | 16 | (51.6) | 3 | (9.7) |
| Cavitary disease7 | ||||||||||
| Yes | 167 | (77.7) | 48 | (22.3) | 18 | (37.5) | 19 | (39.6) | 11 | (22.9) |
| No | 1,442 | (83.2) | 292 | (16.8) | 124 | (42.5) | 104 | (35.6) | 64 | (21.9) |
| Unknown or missing | 9 | (90.0) | 1 | (10.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (100.0) | 0 | (0.0) |
| Homeless within past year | ||||||||||
| Yes | 688 | (64.5) | 378 | (35.5) | 176 | (46.6) | 104 | (27.5) | 98 | (25.9) |
| No | 15,195 | (83.6) | 2,970 | (16.4) | 1,065 | (35.9) | 1,206 | (40.6) | 699 | (23.5) |
| Unknown or missing | 178 | (83.2) | 36 | (16.8) | 12 | (33.3) | 15 | (41.7) | 9 | (25.0) |
| Excess alcohol use within past year | ||||||||||
| Yes | 1,201 | (70.2) | 511 | (29.8) | 159 | (31.1) | 189 | (37.0) | 163 | (31.9) |
| No | 14,572 | (83.8) | 2,808 | (16.2) | 1,062 | (37.8) | 1,113 | (39.6) | 633 | (22.5) |
| Unknown or missing | 288 | (81.6) | 65 | (18.4) | 32 | (49.2) | 23 | (35.4) | 10 | (15.4) |
| Injecting drug use within past year | ||||||||||
| Yes | 124 | (61.1) | 79 | (38.9) | 24 | (30.4) | 26 | (32.9) | 29 | (36.7) |
| No | 15,619 | (82.9) | 3,225 | (17.1) | 1,190 | (36.9) | 1,277 | (39.6) | 758 | (23.5) |
| Unknown or missing | 318 | (79.9) | 80 | (20.1) | 39 | (48.8) | 22 | (27.5) | 19 | (23.8) |
| Noninjecting drug use within past year | ||||||||||
| Yes | 812 | (55.0) | 665 | (45.0) | 237 | (35.6) | 190 | (28.6) | 238 | (35.8) |
| No | 14,936 | (84.9) | 2,654 | (15.1) | 987 | (37.2) | 1,115 | (42.0) | 552 | (20.8) |
| Unknown or missing | 313 | (82.8) | 65 | (17.2) | 29 | (44.6) | 20 | (30.8) | 16 | (24.6) |
| Resident of a correctional facility at time of diagnosis | ||||||||||
| Yes | 371 | (67.9) | 175 | (32.1) | 64 | (36.6) | 44 | (25.1) | 67 | (38.3) |
| No | 15,600 | (83.0) | 3,189 | (17.0) | 1,180 | (37.0) | 1,271 | (39.9) | 738 | (23.1) |
| Unknown or missing | 90 | (81.8) | 20 | (18.2) | 9 | (45.0) | 10 | (50.0) | 1 | (5.0) |
| HIV status | ||||||||||
| Positive | 634 | (75.7) | 204 | (24.3) | 82 | (40.2) | 67 | (32.8) | 55 | (27.0) |
| Negative | 13,702 | (82.2) | 2,962 | (17.8) | 1,098 | (37.1) | 1,150 | (38.8) | 714 | (24.1) |
| Refused | 257 | (91.8) | 23 | (8.2) | 9 | (39.1) | 12 | (52.2) | 2 | (8.7) |
| Not offered | 517 | (87.0) | 77 | (13.0) | 33 | (42.9) | 29 | (37.7) | 15 | (19.5) |
| Unknown, missing, or indeterminate | 951 | (89.0) | 118 | (11.0) | 31 | (26.3) | 67 | (56.8) | 20 | (16.9) |
| Multidrug-resistant TB8 | ||||||||||
| Yes | 234 | (89.0) | 29 | (11.0) | 5 | (17.2) | 18 | (62.1) | 6 | (20.7) |
| No | 15,141 | (82.4) | 3,236 | (17.6) | 1,213 | (37.5) | 1,254 | (38.8) | 769 | (23.8) |
| Unknown or missing | 686 | (85.2) | 119 | (14.8) | 35 | (29.4) | 53 | (44.5) | 31 | (26.1) |
1wgMLSType clusters have two or more cases with matching wgMLSType within a county during the specified 3-year time period.
2Alert levels are based on a log-likelihood ratio, which calculates the geographical concentration of a genotype in a county compared to the rest of the country during a 3-year period.
3There were 3,384 cases in 1,110 clusters: 806 cases were in 82 (7.4%) high alert clusters; 1,325 cases were in 496 (44.7%) medium alert clusters, and 1,253 cases were in 532 (47.9%) non-alert clusters.
4Persons born in the United States, certain U.S. territories, or elsewhere to at least one U.S. citizen parent are categorized as U.S.-born. All other persons are categorized as non-U.S.–born.
5Persons who identified as Hispanic or Latino were categorized as "Hispanic," regardless of self-reported race. Persons who did not identify as Hispanic or Latino were categorized by self-reported race; if more than one race was reported, the person was categorized as "Multiple race." Due to “Other race” being first reported as a new race category in 2023, information for 119 persons reporting “Other race” was not included in this table.
6One person with a unique wgMLSType and an unknown age was excluded.
7Cavitary disease only assessed for persons with pulmonary TB and an abnormal x-ray.
8Starting in 2023, information on drug resistance included results of molecular drug susceptibility testing in addition to growth-based susceptibility testing for isoniazid and rifampin. An isolate is considered resistant to isoniazid or rifampin if either the growth-based test or molecular test detects resistance.
Note
Data for all years are updated through July 17, 2024.