Issues Affecting Use of Environmental Assessments

At a glance

Most foodborne outbreaks occur in retail food establishments like restaurants. An environmental assessment is an important part of outbreak investigations. It provides information that can stop ongoing outbreaks and prevent them in the future. But health department investigators do not always conduct environmental assessments of outbreaks. Learn about what we found about why this happens.

Food safety inspector talks to a chef.

Key takeaways

Investigators did environmental assessments when:

  • They knew or suspected the illness that caused the outbreak
  • Their health department had a policy to do these assessments
  • Their health department had the people and time available to do the assessment

Investigators did not do environmental assessments when:

  • Their health department lacked resources or training
  • The restaurant was not in their health department's jurisdiction
  • Restaurant staff did not want to cooperate
  • Poor communication prevented timely responses

Why this is important

Environmental assessments provide information that can stop ongoing outbreaks and prevent them in the future. But health department investigators do not always conduct environmental assessments of outbreaks.

We are working to learn more about how retail establishment characteristics and food safety policies and practices relate to foodborne outbreaks. Our goal is to provide data to help food safety programs develop effective approaches to prevent outbreaks.

More information

Journal article this plain language summary is based on

CDC's Environmental Assessment Training Series (EATS)

Environmental assessments

Resources from CDC's Integrated Food Safety Centers of Excellence (CoE)

About NEARS‎

This study assessed outbreak data reported to the National Environmental Assessment Reporting System (NEARS). Local, state, tribal, and territorial programs use NEARS to report environmental assessment data. These data come from foodborne illness outbreak investigations in restaurants, banquet facilities, schools, and other institutions.