Potentially Excess Deaths in the United States, 2005-2015

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Potentially Excess Deaths from the Five Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Areas, United States, 2005-2015

State Data Accompanying MMWR Surveillance Summary 66(No. SS-1):1-8

MMWR Surveillance Summary 66 (No. SS-1):1-8 found that nonmetropolitan areas have significant numbers of potentially excess deaths from the five leading causes of death. These figures accompany this report by presenting information on potentially excess deaths in nonmetropolitan and metropolitan areas at the state level. They also add additional years of data and options for selecting different age ranges and benchmarks.

Potentially excess deaths are defined in MMWR Surveillance Summary 66(No. SS-1):1-8 as deaths that exceed the numbers that would be expected if the death rates of states with the lowest rates (benchmarks) occurred across all states. They are calculated by subtracting expected deaths for specific benchmarks from observed deaths (see figure below). The dashboards allow selection of “fixed” benchmarks based on best performing states in a specific year and held constant over time and “floating” benchmarks based on best performing states in each year and that change from year to year. Refer to the notes for additional information.

Not all potentially excess deaths can be prevented; some areas might have characteristics that predispose them to higher rates of death. However, many potentially excess deaths might represent deaths that could be prevented through improved public health programs that support healthier behaviors and neighborhoods or better access to health care services.

On the right side of the dashboard, options can be selected. Not all options are available on all boards.

Display options may include:

  • Map or Bar graph
  • Display of Numbers or Percents

Data options may include:

  • Locality
  • Year
  • State
  • Cause of Death
  • Age Range (note ranges begin at age 0)
  • Type of Benchmark

Select a dashboard from the left side drop-down menu, then click on the tap “Update Dashboard” to navigate through different graphics. Download the dataset in CSV format by clicking the “CSV Format” link. Additional file formats are available for download for each dataset at Data.CDC.gov.

Options

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NOTE: Visualization is optimized for a viewing screen of 950 pixels or wider (i.e., PC and tablets in landscape orientation).

Definition of Potentially Excess Deaths - The following data tables describe the currently displayed dashboard

click the titlebars to expand / collapse Data tables

Notes:

Mortality data for U.S. residents come from the National Vital Statistics System. Estimates based on fewer than 10 observed deaths are not shown and shaded yellow on the map.

Underlying cause of death is based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10)

  • Heart disease (I00-I09, I11, I13, and I20–I51)
  • Cancer (C00–C97)
  • Unintentional injury (V01–X59 and Y85–Y86)
  • Chronic lower respiratory disease (J40–J47)
  • Stroke (I60–I69)

Locality (nonmetropolitan vs. metropolitan) is based on the Office of Management and Budget’s 2013 county-based classification scheme.

Benchmarks are based on the three states with the lowest age and cause-specific mortality rates.

Potentially excess deaths for each state are calculated by subtracting deaths at the benchmark rates (expected deaths) from observed deaths.

Users can explore three benchmarks:

  • “2010 Fixed” is a fixed benchmark based on the best performing States in 2010.
  • “2005 Fixed” is a fixed benchmark based on the best performing States in 2005.
  • “Floating” is based on the best performing States in each year so change from year to year.

 

Sources:

CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, mortality data (see http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm); and CDC WONDER (see http://wonder.cdc.gov).

 

References:

  1. Moy E, Garcia MC, Bastian B, Rossen LM, Ingram DD, Faul M, Massetti GM, Thomas CC, Hong Y, Yoon PW, Iademarco MF. Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Areas – United States, 1999-2014. MMWR Surveillance Summary 2017; 66(No. SS-1):1-8.
  2. Garcia MC, Faul M, Massetti G, Thomas CC, Hong Y, Bauer UE, Iademarco MF. Reducing Potentially Excess Deaths from the Five Leading Causes of Death in the Rural United States. MMWR Surveillance Summary 2017; 66(No. SS-2):1–7.

 

Suggested citation:

Moy E, Garcia MC, Bastian B, et al. Potentially Excess Deaths from the Five Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Areas in the United States, 2005-2015. National Center for Health Statistics. 2017.

Designed by E Moy, MC Garcia, B Bastian, LM Rossen, DD Ingram, F Lee, A Lipphardt, and Y Chong: CDC/National Center for Health Statistics.