| Age |
Respiratory Rate
(per minute) |
| 1 month | 40–60 |
| 6 months | 25–40 |
| 1 to 3 years | 22–30 |
| 4 to 6 years | 20–24 |
| 7 to 9 years | 18–24 |
| 10 to 13 years | 16–22 |
| 14 to 18 years | 14–22 |
| > 18 years | 12–20 |
Tachypnea
Rapid and shallow respirations
Kussmaul’s Breathing
Deep and labored breathing pattern associated with severe metabolic acidosis. In metabolic acidosis, breathing is first rapid and shallow but as acidosis worsens, breathing gradually becomes deep, slow, labored and gasping.
Crackles (rales)
High pitched, discontinuous sounds similar to the sound produced by rubbing your hair between your fingers. Breath sounds are decreased when normal lung is displaced by air (emphysema or pneumothorax) or fluid (pleural effusion).
Respiratory Rate