What to know
As of September 3, 2024, there have been 13 confirmed cases out of 22 patients under investigation (PUIs) in 2024 and 18 confirmed cases out of 40 PUIs in 2023. There have been 758 confirmed cases since CDC began tracking AFM in August of 2014.
Annual AFM Cases by State
Annual maps represent only cases for whom information was sent to and confirmed by CDC as of September 3, 2024. Patients under investigation are still being classified, and the case counts are subject to change. Cases of AFM have occurred in 49 states and the District of Columbia.
We defer to the states to release additional information on cases as they choose.
AFM Confirmed Cases 2024
As of September 3, 2024, there have been 13 confirmed cases in 10 states.
Annual AFM Cases 2023
As of September 3, 2024, there have been 18 confirmed cases in 14 states.
Cases by Month, 2014-2024
Most patients developed AFM between August and November, with increases in AFM cases in 2014, 2016, and 2018. Many viruses commonly circulate at this same time of year, including enteroviruses, which are likely responsible for the increase in cases in peak years.
Cases by Month Data Table
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sept | Oct | Nov | Dec | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 21 | 51 | 24 | 15 | 9 | 120 |
| 2015 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 22 |
| 2016 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 9 | 13 | 33 | 43 | 27 | 9 | 4 | 153 |
| 2017 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 38 |
| 2018 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 30 | 88 | 66 | 21 | 7 | 238 |
| 2019 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 47 |
| 2020 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 34 |
| 2021 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 28 |
| 2022 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 5 | 6 | 2 | 47 |
| 2023 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 18 |
| 2024 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 13 |
^ Confirmed AFM cases by CDC from August 2014 through September 3, 2024. Case counts are subject to change.
* The data shown from August 2014 to July 2015 are based on the AFM investigation case definition: onset of acute limb weakness on or after August 1, 2014, and a magnetic resonance image (MRI) showing a spinal cord lesion largely restricted to gray matter in a patient age ≤21 years.
† The data shown from August 2015 to present are based on the AFM case definition adopted by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE): acute onset of focal or flaccid limb weakness and an MRI showing spinal cord lesion largely restricted to gray matter and spanning one or more spinal segments, regardless of age.
For more information, visit the Case Definitions page.