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Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal
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Volume 2: No. 1, January 2005

ESSAY
Diabetes and Mexicans: Why the Two Are Linked

  North Center México City South
1988 1999 1988 1999 1988 1999 1988 1999
Overweight 26.3 34.0 21.0 36.4 25.6 37.7 22.3 34.5
Obesity 11.8 31.3 8.1 22.2 9.2 21.4 8.2 20.8

Figure 2.
Levels of overweight and obesity in 1988 and 1999 in women aged 18 to 49 in Mexico, by region. Data from Rivera et al, 2001 (6).

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  Men Women
Non-Hispanic white Non-Hispanic black Mexican Americans Non-Hispanic white Non-Hispanic black Mexican American
Diagnosed diabetes 5.2 7.3 7.7 4.5 9.1 10.9
Undiagnosed diabetes 2.9 2.7 5.4 2.0 4.5 3.6
Impaired fasting glucose 8.9 8.9 11.6 4.6 6.4 6.3

Figure 3.
Age-standardized prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in the U.S. population aged ≥20 years by sex and ethnic group, based on the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Data from Harris et al, 1998 (12).

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  Nondiabetic mother Prediabetic mother Diabetic mother
Percentage rate of diabetes among adults aged 20 to 24 1.4 8.6 45.5

Figure 4.
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes among Pima Indian adults, Arizona, aged 20 to 24, by diabetes status of the mother during pregnancy. A prediabetic mother is one who develops diabetes after delivery. Data from Pettitt et al, 1988 (16).

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  1967–76 1977–86 1987–96
Exposure to GD 2.1 4.0 7.5
Attributable fraction 18.1 23.7 35.4

Figure 5.
Exposure to gestational diabetes (GD) and fraction of diabetes attributed to GD among cohorts of Pima Indian adults, Arizona, aged 10 to 19 years (n = 6902). Data from Dabelea et al, 1998 (17).

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