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Carbaryl
May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
CAS number: 63–25–2
NIOSH REL: 5 mg/m3 TWA
Current OSHA PEL: 5 mg/m3 TWA
1989 OSHA PEL: Same as current PEL
1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 5 mg/m3 TWA
Description of Substance: White or gray, odorless solid.
LEL: . . Noncombustible Solid
Original (SCP) IDLH: 600 mg/m3
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: Because no useful data on acute inhalation toxicity are available for carbaryl, the chosen IDLH is based on the rat oral LD50 of 89 mg/kg [Boyd and Taylor 1971 cited by NIOSH 1974]. In addition, ACGIH [1971] reported that female rats may occasionally be killed by a single oral dose of 100 mg/kg [Gaines 1969].
Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
Lethal dose data:
| Species | Reference | Route | LD50(mg/kg) | LDLo(mg/kg) | Adjusted LD | Derived value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RabbitG. pig
Dog Rat Rat Cat Mouse Rat |
AAPCO 1966Benson and Dorough 1984
Buck 1979 Gaines 1960 Gaines 1960 Gig Sanit 1967 Stevens et al. 1972 Weiss and Orzel 1967 |
oraloral
oral oral oral oral oral oral |
710250
759 850 500 150 128 230 |
———-
—– —– —– —– —– —– |
4,970 mg/m31,750 mg/m3
5,313 mg/m3 5,950 mg/m3 3,500 mg/m3 1,050 mg/m3 896 mg/m3 1,610 mg/m3 |
497 mg/m3175 mg/m3
531 mg/m3 595 mg/m3 350 mg/m3 105 mg/m3 90 mg/m3 161 mg/m3 |
Other animal data: A concentration of about 75 mg/m3 produced typical poisoning in dogs within 5 hours [Carpenter et al. 1961].
Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.
| Revised IDLH: 100 mg/m3Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for carbaryl is 100 mg/m3 based on acute toxicity data in animals [Carpenter et al. 1961; Gig Sanit 1967; Stevens et al. 1972]. |
REFERENCES:
1. AAPCO [1966]. Pesticide chemicals official compendium. Topeka, KS: Association of American Pesticide Control Officials, Inc., p. 192.
2. ACGIH [1971]. Carbaryl (Sevin). In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, pp. 37-38.
3. Benson WH, Dorough HW [1984]. Comparative ester hydrolysis of carbaryl and ethiofencarb in four mammalian species. Pest Biochem Physiol 21:199-206.
4. Boyd EM, Taylor FI [1971]. Toxaphene toxicity in protein-deficient rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 18:158-167.
5. Buck WB [1979]. Clinical toxicosis induced by insecticides. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 74:1119.
6. Carpenter CP, Weil CS, Palm PE, Woodside MW, Nair JH III, Smyth HF Jr [1961]. Mammalian toxicity of 1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate (Sevin insecticide). J Agri Food Chem 9(1):30-39.
7. Gaines TB [1960]. The acute toxicity of pesticides to rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2:88-99.
8. Gaines TB [1969]. Acute toxicity of pesticides. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 14:515-534.
9. Gig Sanit [1967]; 32(4):29-33 (in Russian).
10. NIOSH [1974]. FC59500. Carbamic acid, methyl-, 1-naphthyl ester. In: The toxic substances list, 1974 ed. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 74-134, p. 182.
11. Stevens JT, Stitzel RE, McPhillips JJ [1972]. Effects of anticholinesterase insecticides on hepatic microsomal metabolism. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 181:576-583.
12. Weiss LH, Orzel RA [1967]. Some comparative toxicologic and pharmacologic effects of dimethyl sulfoxide as a pesticide solvent. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 11:546-557.