Aniline

May 1994

Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)

CAS number: 62-53-3

NIOSH REL: None established; NIOSH considers aniline to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990].

Current OSHA PEL: 5 ppm (19 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

1989 OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (8 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 2 ppm (7.6 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

Description of substance: Colorless to brown, oily liquid with an aromatic amine-like odor.

LEL: 1.3% (10% LEL, 1,300 ppm)

Original (SCP) IDLH: 100 ppm

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by Henderson and Haggard [1943] that 100 to 160 ppm is the maximum concentration that can be inhaled for 1 hour without serious disturbance. AIHA [1955] reported that 50 to 100 ppm can probably be tolerated for 60 minutes.

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal concentration data:

					Adjusted
		LC50	LCLo		0.5-hr	Derived
Species	Reference	(ppm)	(ppm)	Time	LC (CF)	Value
Mouse	Back et al. 1972	175	—–	7 hr	420 ppm (2.4)	42 ppm
Rat	Carpenter et al. 1949	—–	250	4 hr	500 ppm (2.0)	50 ppm
Cat	von Oettingen 1941	—–	180	8 hr	450 ppm (2.5)	45 ppm

Lethal dose data:

			LD50	LDLo		Derived
Species	Reference	Route	(Mg/kg)	(mg/kg)	Adjusted LD	Value
Dog	Back et al. 1972	oral	—–	195	353 ppm	35 ppm
Rat	Dieke et al. 1947	oral	—–	250	452 ppm	45 ppm
Mouse	Gig Tr Prof Zabol	oral	—–	464	839 ppm	84 ppm
Rat	Jacobsen 1972	oral	—–	440	796 ppm	80 ppm
G. pig	Kodak 1984	oral	—–	400	724 ppm	72 ppm

Human data: Volunteers tolerated 1-hour exposures ranging from 100-160 ppm with only moderate adverse health effects (undefined) [von Oettingen 1941]. It has also been reported that 100 to 160 ppm is the maximum concentration that can be inhaled for 1 hour without serious consequence [Henderson and Haggard 1943] and that 50 to 100 ppm can probably be tolerated for 60 minutes [AIHA 1955].

Revised IDLH: 100 ppm [Unchanged]Basis for revised IDLH: Based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [AIHA 1955; Henderson and Haggard 1943; von Oettingen 1941], the original IDLH for aniline of 100 ppm is not being revised at this time. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the “most protective” respirators be worn for aniline at any detectable concentration.]

References:

AIHA [1955]. Aniline. In: Hygienic guide series. Am Ind Hyg Assoc Q 16:331-332.
Back KC, Thomas AA, MacEwen JD [1972]. Reclassification of materials listed as transportation health hazards. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: 6570th Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Report No. TSA-20-72-3, pp. A-8 to A-9.
Carpenter CP, Smyth HF Jr, Pozzani UC [1949]. The assay of acute vapor toxicity, and the grading and interpretation of results on 96 chemical compounds. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 31:343-346.
Dieke SH, Allen GS, Richter CP [1947]. The acute toxicity of thioureas and related compounds to wild and domestic Norway rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 90:260-270.
Gig Tr Prof Zabol [1969]; 13(5):29-32 (in Russian).
Henderson Y, Haggard HW [1943]. Noxious gases. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Reinhold Publishing Corporation, p. 228.
Jacobsen KH [1972]. Acute oral toxicity of mono- and di-alkyl ring-substituted derivatives of aniline. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 22:153-154.
Kodak [1984]. Aniline. In: TSCA 8d submission to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (OTS 206512). Rochester, NY: Eastman Kodak Company.
von Oettingen WF [1941]. The aromatic amines and nitro compounds, their toxicity and potential dangers. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, U.S. Public Health Service, Public Health Bulletin 271:1-15.