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Allyl alcohol
May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
CAS number: 107-18-6
NIOSH REL: 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (10 mg/m3) STEL [skin]
Current OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1989 OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (10 mg/m3) STEL [skin]
1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 2 ppm (4.8 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (9.5 mg/m3) STEL [skin]
Description of substance: Colorless liquid with a pungent, mustard-like odor.
LEL: 2.5% (10% LEL, 2,500 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH: 150 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by AIHA [1963] that from animal experiments, a single 1-hour exposure to 150 ppm might be fatal, while the same exposure to 100 ppm would probably allow survival [Dunlap et al. 1958].
Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
Lethal concentration data:
| Adjusted | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LC50 | LCLo | 0.5-hr | Derived | |||
| Species | Reference | (ppm) | (ppm) | Time | LC (CF) | Value |
| Mammal | Deichmann and Gerarde 1969 | 1,000 | —– | 1 hr | 1,250 ppm (1.25) | 125 ppm |
| Rat | Dunlap et al. 1958 | 76 | —– | 8 hr | 190 ppm (2.5) | 19 ppm |
| Mouse | Izmerov et al. 1982 | 207 | —– | 2 hr | 330 ppm (1.6) | 33 ppm |
| Rabbit | McCord 1932 | 1,000 | —– | 3.5 hr | 1,910 ppm (1.91) | 191 ppm |
| Monkey | McCord 1932 | 1,000 | —– | 4 hr | 2,000 ppm (2.0) | 200 ppm |
| Rat | Smyth and Carpenter 1948 | 1,060 | —– | 1 hr | 1,325 ppm (1.25) | 132 ppm |
| Rat | Smyth and Carpenter 1948 | 165 | —– | 4 hr | 330 ppm (2.0) | 33 ppm |
| Rat | Smyth and Carpenter | 76 | —– | 8 hr | 190 ppm (2.5) | 19 ppm |
Human data: Severe eye irritation is reported to result from exposure at 25 ppm [Dunlap et al. 1958].
| Revised IDLH: 20 ppmBasis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for allyl alcohol is 20 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Dunlap et al. 1958] and animals [Dunlap et al. 1958; Smyth and Carpenter 1948]. |
References:
- AIHA [1963]. Allyl alcohol. In: Hygienic guide series. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 24:636-638.
- Deichmann WB, Gerarde HW [1969]. Allyl alcohol (propenol). In: Toxicology of drugs and chemicals. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., p. 86.
- Dunlap MK, Kodama JK, Wellington JS, Anderson HH, Hine CH [1958]. The toxicity of allyl alcohol. I. Acute and chronic toxicity. AMA Arch Ind Health 18:303-311.
- Izmerov NF, Sanotsky IV, Sidorov KK [1982]. Toxicometric parameters of industrial toxic chemicals under single exposure. Moscow, Russia: Centre of International Projects, GKNT, p. 17.
- McCord CP [1932]. The toxicity of allyl alcohol. JAMA 98(26):2269-2270.
- Smyth HF Jr, Carpenter CP [1948]. Further experience with the range-finding test in the industrial toxicology laboratory. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 30(1):63-68.