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Allyl alcohol

May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)

CAS number: 107-18-6

NIOSH REL: 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (10 mg/m3) STEL [skin]

Current OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

1989 OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (10 mg/m3) STEL [skin]

1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 2 ppm (4.8 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (9.5 mg/m3) STEL [skin]

Description of substance: Colorless liquid with a pungent, mustard-like odor.

LEL: 2.5% (10% LEL, 2,500 ppm)

Original (SCP) IDLH: 150 ppm

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by AIHA [1963] that from animal experiments, a single 1-hour exposure to 150 ppm might be fatal, while the same exposure to 100 ppm would probably allow survival [Dunlap et al. 1958].

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal concentration data:

Adjusted
LC50 LCLo 0.5-hr Derived
Species Reference (ppm) (ppm) Time LC (CF) Value
Mammal Deichmann and Gerarde 1969 1,000 —– 1 hr 1,250 ppm (1.25) 125 ppm
Rat Dunlap et al. 1958 76 —– 8 hr 190 ppm (2.5) 19 ppm
Mouse Izmerov et al. 1982 207 —– 2 hr 330 ppm (1.6) 33 ppm
Rabbit McCord 1932 1,000 —– 3.5 hr 1,910 ppm (1.91) 191 ppm
Monkey McCord 1932 1,000 —– 4 hr 2,000 ppm (2.0) 200 ppm
Rat Smyth and Carpenter 1948 1,060 —– 1 hr 1,325 ppm (1.25) 132 ppm
Rat Smyth and Carpenter 1948 165 —– 4 hr 330 ppm (2.0) 33 ppm
Rat Smyth and Carpenter 76 —– 8 hr 190 ppm (2.5) 19 ppm

Human data: Severe eye irritation is reported to result from exposure at 25 ppm [Dunlap et al. 1958].

References:

  1. AIHA [1963]. Allyl alcohol. In: Hygienic guide series. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 24:636-638.
  2. Deichmann WB, Gerarde HW [1969]. Allyl alcohol (propenol). In: Toxicology of drugs and chemicals. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., p. 86.
  3. Dunlap MK, Kodama JK, Wellington JS, Anderson HH, Hine CH [1958]. The toxicity of allyl alcohol. I. Acute and chronic toxicity. AMA Arch Ind Health 18:303-311.
  4. Izmerov NF, Sanotsky IV, Sidorov KK [1982]. Toxicometric parameters of industrial toxic chemicals under single exposure. Moscow, Russia: Centre of International Projects, GKNT, p. 17.
  5. McCord CP [1932]. The toxicity of allyl alcohol. JAMA 98(26):2269-2270.
  6. Smyth HF Jr, Carpenter CP [1948]. Further experience with the range-finding test in the industrial toxicology laboratory. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 30(1):63-68.