Phosphorus (white)

RTECS #

TH3500000

CAS #

7723-14-0
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2018

Molecular Weight

123.88

Molecular Formula

P₄

Synonyms

Bonide blue death rat killer
Common sense cockroach and rat preparations
Fosforo bianco (Italian)
Gelber phosphor (German)
Phosphore blanc (French)
Phosphorous (white)
Phosphorous yellow
Phosphorus (yellow)
Phosphorus, yellow (ACGIH:OSHA)
Rat-Nip
Tetrafosfor (Dutch)
Tetraphosphor (German)
Weiss phosphor (German)
White phosphorus
Yellow phosphorus

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/rat	11 µg/kg (1-22D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)	ZDKAA8 36(5),87,1976

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/cat	lowest published lethal dose: 4 mg/kg		YKYUA6 28,329,1977
oral/Dog	lowest published lethal dose: 10 mg/kg		YKYUA6 28,329,1977
oral/duck	lowest published lethal dose: 3 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Muscle weakness	JAPMA8 39,151,1950
oral/duck	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6.55 mg/kg		HBPTO* 2,1400,2001
oral/human	lowest published lethal dose: 0.7 mg/kg		HBPTO* 2,1402,2001
oral/human	lethal dose (90 percent kill): 26 mg/kg		HBPTO* 2,1402,2001
oral/infant	lowest published lethal dose: 0.4 mg/kg		HBPTO* 2,1402,2001
oral/mammal (species unspecified)	lowest published lethal dose: 200 mg/kg		28ZEAL 4,321,1969
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4820 µg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	NTIS** AD-B011-150
oral/pig	lowest published lethal dose: 160 mg/kg		28ZEAL 4,321,1969
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3030 µg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	NTIS** AD-B011-150
oral/woman	lowest published lethal dose: 22 mg/kg	Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarction	AHJOA2 84,139,1972
oral/woman	lowest published toxic dose: 11 mg/kg	Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase	AJMSA9 209,223,1944
oral/woman	lowest published lethal dose: 4600 µg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting Skin and Appendages: Other: Sweating	AIMDAP 83,164,1949
oral/woman	lowest published toxic dose: 2600 µg/kg	Behavioral: Fluid intake Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting	NEJMAG 232,247,1945
subcutaneous/Dog	lowest published lethal dose: 2 mg/kg	Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Cardiac: Other changes Liver: Fatty liver degeneration	AEXPBL 52,173,1905
subcutaneous/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 10 mg/kg	Behavioral: Muscle weakness Endocrine: Hypoglycemia	AEXPBL 64,274,1911

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rabbit	lowest published toxic concentration: 160 mg/m³/30M/60D- intermittent	Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count	FKIZA4 46,604,1955
oral/duck	lowest published toxic dose: 14 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes	JAPMA8 39,151,1950
oral/guinea pig	lowest published toxic dose: 105 mg/kg/35W- intermittent	Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Change in gall bladder structure or function Liver: Other changes	PSEBAA 67,351,1945
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 18 mg/kg/4W- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes	WDZAEK 4,206,1990
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 12 mg/kg/4D- intermittent	Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases	WDZAEK 4,4,1990
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 20800 µg/kg/16D- continuous	Musculoskeletal: Other changes	ANREAK 177,15,1973
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 85 mg/m³/17W- intermittent	Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)	GTPZAB 26(9),17,1982
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 91 µg/kg/26W- intermittent	Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase	GISAAA 44(5),74,1979
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 11088 µg/kg/22W- continuous	Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	JPETAB 24,119,1925

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTIS** AD778-725
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		DIMON* 39,678,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,683,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HTOPA* 1,595,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		CCACL* 21,719,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		OSMPR* 102,433,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 54,294,2009

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION		FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³	DTLVS* 3,210,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypt	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 0.1 mg/m³;KZW 0.2 mg/m³, inhal, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 0.02 ppm (0.1 mg/m³), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	short term exposure limit 0.1 mg/m³, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 0.1 mg/m³, VLE 0.3 mg/m³, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY	MAK 0.01 mg/m³, inhal, 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 0.1 mg/m³, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	Occupational Exposure Limit 0.1 mg/m³, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³;short term exposure limit 0.3 mg/m³, 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) 0.3 mg/m³, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	time-weighted average 0.03 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 0.1 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 0.05 mg/m³, KZG-week 0.1 mg/m³, inhal, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILAND	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 0.1 mg/m³, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³;short term exposure limit 0.3 mg/m³, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	8H time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	8H time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	8H time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW)-air	10H time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m³	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code M0004; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 75; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 675; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 225
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code M0005; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 6; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 91; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 6
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 81650; Number of Industries 104; Total Number of Facilities 12775; Number of Occupations 88; Total Number of Employees Exposed 208975; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 7598
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 81684; Number of Industries 5; Total Number of Facilities 139; Number of Occupations 10; Total Number of Employees Exposed 2924; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 67
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code M0004; Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 38; Number of Occupations 3; Total Number of Employees Exposed 205
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code M0005; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 41; Number of Occupations 5; Total Number of Employees Exposed 626
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 81650; Number of Industries 19; Total Number of Facilities 1187; Number of Occupations 42; Total Number of Employees Exposed 13630
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 81684; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 47; Number of Occupations 4; Total Number of Employees Exposed 261

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/98/101090/AS)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0892-9187
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
On EPA IRIS database

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health