Cadmium

RTECS #

EU9800000

CAS #

7440-43-9
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

March 2019

Molecular Weight

112.40

Molecular Formula

Synonyms

C.I. 77180
Cadmium (ACGIH:OSHA)
Cadmium dust fume (OSHA)
Cadmium powder
Cadmium, elemental
Colloidal cadmium
Kadmium (German)

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
Cytogenetic Analysis	ovary/hamster	1 µmol/L	CGCGBR 26,251,1980
DNA Damage	lung/human	10 µmol/L	TOXID9 72,219,2003
DNA Damage	fibroblast/mouse	5 nmol/L/24H	TOXID9 44,237,2005
DNA Damage	lymphocyte/human	250 µmol/L/1H	TOXID9 12,430,2008
micronucleus test	embryo/mouse	6 µmol/L	TIVIEQ 4,57,1990

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
intraperitoneal/rat	1124 µg/kg (1D male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)	TXAPA9 41,194,1977
intraperitoneal/mouse	1686 µg/kg (7D pregnant)	Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system	TJADAB 28,39A,1983
intraperitoneal/mouse	6 mg/kg (3D male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)	TOLED5 252,11,2016
intraperitoneal/mouse	6 mg/kg (3D male)	Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)	TOLED5 252,11,2016
intraperitoneal/mouse	2 mg/kg (1D male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)	TOLED5 252,11,2016
intravenous/rat	1250 µg/kg (14D pregnant)	Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Body wall Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system	JJATDK 1,264,1981
intravenous/rat	1250 µg/kg (9D pregnant)	Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Eye, ear	JJATDK 1,264,1981
intravenous/rat	8 mg/kg (8-15D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)	JJATDK 1,264,1981
oral/mouse	448 mg/kg (multigenerations)	Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death	AEHLAU 23,102,1971
oral/mouse	1700 mg/kg (8-12D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)	TCMUD8 6,361,1986
oral/rat	155 mg/kg (13W male/13W pre-3W pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral	BECTA6 20,96,1978
oral/rat	220 mg/kg (1-22D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus	TOLED5 11,233,1982
oral/rat	21500 µg/kg (multigenerations)	Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Germ cell effects (in offspring)	ENVRAL 22,466,1980
oral/rat	23 mg/kg (1-22D pregnant)	Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)	PSEBAA 158,614,1978
oral/mouse	62 mg/kg (1D preg-10D after birth)	Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic	TOXID9 228,77,2006
parenteral/hamster	2 mg/kg (8D pregnant)	Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)	TJADAB 31,52A,1985
subcutaneous/rat	250 µg/kg (19D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic	APTOD9 19,A122,1980

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/woman	lowest published toxic concentration: 129 µg/m³/20Y- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors	AJIMD8 10,153,1986
intramuscular/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kg/4W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal: Tumors Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application	JEPTDQ 1(1),51,1977
intramuscular/rat	toxic dose: 70 mg/kg	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood: Lymphoma including Hodgkin's disease Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application	BJCAAI 18,124,1964
intramuscular/rat	toxic dose: 63 mg/kg	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood: Lymphoma including Hodgkin's disease Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application	NATUAS 193,592,1962
intramuscular/rat	toxic dose: 45 mg/kg/4W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal: Tumors Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application	NCIUS* PH43-64-886
subcutaneous/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 3372 µg/kg	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application	ENVRAL 55,40,1991
unreported route/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1200 mg/kg	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Testicular tumors Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application	ZHYGAM 31,224,1985

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/Rat, kidney	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 35 µmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitro	TXCYAC 370,49,2016
inhalation/human	Lowest published lethal concentration: 39 mg/m³/20M	Cardiac: Other changes Vascular: Thromobosis distant from injection site Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression	AIHAAP 31,180,1970
inhalation/man	lowest published toxic concentration: 88 µg/m³/8.6Y	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria	AEHLAU 28,147,1974
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 25 mg/m³/30M	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	SAIGBL 16,212,1974
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5700 µg/kg		TXAPA9 37,403,1976
intravenous/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 5 mg/kg		JOBSAK 35,693,1928
intravenous/rabbit	lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg	Eye: Other eye effects	TOXID9 66,206,2002
intravenous/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 2.5 mg/kg	Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes primarily in glomeruli Blood: Granulocytopenia	TXAPA9 174,225,2001
intravenous/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 3.5 mg/kg	Liver: Multiple effects Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes primarily in glomeruli Blood: Granulocytopenia	TXAPA9 174,225,2001
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 890 mg/kg		VCVN1* -,164,1988
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 8 mg/kg	Musculoskeletal: Osteoporosis Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins	TOXID9 78,53,2004
oral/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 70 mg/kg		AMPMAR 34,127,1973
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2330 mg/kg		85PDAD -,67,1978
parenteral/rat	lowest published lethal dose: 5 mg/kg		TOXID9 66,202,2002
skin/mouse	lowest published lethal dose: 77.5 mg/kg		TXAPA9 176,24,2001
subcutaneous/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 6 mg/kg		PROTA* -,-,1955
Tank with water/Daphnia	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 5 µg/L/48H		TIVIEQ 31,125,1995
Tank with water/Trout	lowest published toxic concentration: 0.4 mg(Cd)/L/7D	Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia	TIVIEQ 35,157,1996
Tank with water/Trout	lowest published toxic concentration: 0.4 mg(Cd)/L/2H	Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia Endocrine: Hyperglycemia	TIVIEQ 35,157,1996
Tank with water/Zebrafish	toxic concentration: 1 mg/L/24H	Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	AQUTO* 180,36,2016
unreported route/man	lowest published lethal dose: 15 mg/kg		85DCAI 2,73,1970
unreported route/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 890 mg/kg		GTPZAB 22(5),6,1978
unreported route/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1140 mg/kg		GTPZAB 22(5),6,1978

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
intraperitoneal/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 15 mg/kg/15D- intermittent	Cardiac: Other changes Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport	TOXID9 227,15,2006
multiple/man	lowest published toxic dose: 0.0355 gm/kg/30Y- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition	JAPTO* 22,431,2002
multiple/woman	lowest published toxic dose: 0.0498 gm/kg/30Y- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition	JAPTO* 22,431,2002
oral/human	lowest published toxic dose: 53.6 mg/kg/50Y- continuous	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes	JJATDK 22,431,2002
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 504 mg/kg/6W- continuous	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct	TXAPA9 197,269,2004
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 210 mg/kg/15W- continuous	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria	TOXID9 66,80,2002
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1302 µg/kg/31W- continuous	Blood: Changes in spleen Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Immunological Including Allergic: Autoimmune (multiple organ involvement)	TOXID9 66,80,2002
oral/pig	lowest published toxic dose: 21880 mg/kg/78W- continuous	Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section	TOXID9 13,162,1993
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 546 mg/kg/26W- continuous	Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases	TOXID9 2,52,1982
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1512 mg/kg/48W- continuous	Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals	TOLED5 5,105,1980
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 37.5 mg/kg/30D- continuous	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Blood: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes	TOXID9 72,17,2003
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 3780 mg/kg/9W- continuous	Immunological Including Allergic: Autoimmune (multiple organ involvement)	TOXID9 66,80,2002
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg/30D- continuous	Eye: Other eye effects Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on Na-K pump	RJENT* 1,204,2007
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 420 mg/kg/12W- continuous	Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases	FCTOD7 42,429,2004
oral/woman	lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg/40Y- continuous	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes	JJATDK 22,431,2002
subcutaneous/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 15 mg/kg/5W- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria	TOXID9 72,349,2003
subcutaneous/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 15 mg/kg/5W- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes	TOXID9 -,77,2008
subcutaneous/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 24 mg/kg/8W- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases	TOXID9 -,77,2008
subcutaneous/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg/10W- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases	TOXID9 -,77,2008

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.01 mg/m³	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-Suspected human carcinogen	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence	IMEMDT 2,74,1973
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence	IMEMDT 11,39,1976
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence	IMEMDT 58,119,1993
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence	IMSUDL 7,139,1987
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence	IMEMDT 58,119,1993
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence	IMEMDT 100C,141,2012
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence	IMEMDT 100C,141,2012
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Group 1	IMEMDT 58,119,1993
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Group 1	IMEMDT 100C,141,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TRBMAV 33,85,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		JDSCAE 58,1767,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		JFDSAZ 39,321,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		AMBOCX 3,55,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		QURBAW 7,75,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		AEMBAP 40,239,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTIS** PB221-198
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		KOTTAM 11,1300,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FOREAE 7,313,1942
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		STEVA8 2,341,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTXAV 9,105,1971
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		AJMEAZ 38,409,1965
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENVRAL 4,71,1971
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		85CVA2 5,63,1970
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		PEXTAR 12,102,1969
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		PDTNBH 6,204,1977
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		BNYMAM 54,413,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		AMTODM 3,209,1977
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		GSAMAQ 123,109,1971
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		49DXAV -,57,1983
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		43QNAO 2,743,1981
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		CREOH* 42,93,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 540,19,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 127,63,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 134,17,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 140-141,53,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 140-141,161,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 140-141,311,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MAERE* 51,247,2001
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 567,109,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MAERE* 52,173,2001
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXAPA9 197,144,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		CRTXB2 33,215,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXAPA9 207,179,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 22,196,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 22,164,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 613,17,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NRTXDN 27,429,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 613,76,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		DIMON* 46,551,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,375,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		JJATDK 26,191,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HETOEA 25,67,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOPADD 32(Suppl. 2),71,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		JTEHD6 6,227,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 533,107,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 23,260,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 544,305,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 23,297,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		JTPAE7 19,1,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HBTME* ,445,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 544,313,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HTOPA* 1,701,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ITODC* -,355,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,515,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HTOPA* 1,501,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 46,813,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 674,3,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 674,36,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 674,73,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 636,144,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 27,1,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 681,80,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXAPA9 243,167,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NETEEC 32,4,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTAPM* -,265,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTAPM* -,629,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTAPM* -,727,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 705,130,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 192,45,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 26,205,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 714,105,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 717,46,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 33,269,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 35,165,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 746,113,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 34,298,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXAPA9 254,86,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXAPA9 248,71,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		EMMUEG 54,589,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		EMMUEG 54,500,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 760,1,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 759,27,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		EMMUEG 55,171,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		EMMUEG 55,278,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		EMMUEG 55,155,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 764-765,10,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		EMMUEG 54,468,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 49,117,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 86,298,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXCYAC 313,3,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 94,93,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 770,119,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 770,140,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NETEEC 52,25,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 770,106,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 61,120,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 106,430,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 107,20,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		CCRIF* ,209,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 81,147,2018

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m³	DTLVS* 3,35,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypt	time-weighted average 0.05 mg/m³, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 0.01 mg/m³, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 0.002 mg/m³ (resp. dust), Carcinogen, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 0.01 mg/m³ (inhal. dust), Carcinogen, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 0.005 mg/m³ (fume, dust), MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 0.02 mg/m³, skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 0.05 mg/m³, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY	time-weighted average 0.015 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 0.06 mg/m³, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 0.01 mg/m³ (resp. dust), carc, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	Occupational Exposure Limit 0.05 mg/m³, 1 carc, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 0.05 mg/m³, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 0.01 mg/m³ (total dust), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 0.002 mg/m³ (inhalable), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 0.002 mg(Cd)/m³ (inhalable), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 0.01 mg(Cd)/m³ (inspirable dust), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 0.002 mg(Cd)/m³ (respirable dust), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 0.05 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 0.01 mg/m³ (inhal), 0.002 mg/m³ (resp), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) dust 0.04 mg/m³, MAC(short term exposure limit) dust 0.2 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) fume 0.02 mg/m³, MAC(short term exposure limit) fume 0.05 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	time-weighted average 0.01 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 0.05 mg/m³, Carcinogen, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 0.02 mg/m³(total dust);time-weighted average 0.005 mg/m³(resp. dust), Carcinogen, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 0.015 mg/m³, carc 2, inhal, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILAND	time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 0.5 mg/m³, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 0.005 mg/m³, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES	time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m³, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY	time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m³, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 0.025 mg/m³, carc, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1926.1127	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 0.2 mg(Cd)/m³	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1910.1027	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1915.1027	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO CADMIUM, dust and fume-air	Carcinogen lowest feasible conc.	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code T0608; Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 25; Number of Occupations 3; Total Number of Employees Exposed 335; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 22
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code X2776; Number of Industries 5; Total Number of Facilities 248; Number of Occupations 6; Total Number of Employees Exposed 3893; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1887
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code X5979; Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 95; Number of Occupations 2; Total Number of Employees Exposed 486
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 15570; Number of Industries 77; Total Number of Facilities 4811; Number of Occupations 64; Total Number of Employees Exposed 88968; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 14541
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code T0608; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 48; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 96
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 15570; Number of Industries 41; Total Number of Facilities 1256; Number of Occupations 50; Total Number of Employees Exposed 14717

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/99/166621)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: In vivo cytogenetics-human lymphocyte
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/limited: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Cadmium and compounds, as Cd, 7048
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Elements by ICP, 7300
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Elements in blood or tissue, 8005
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Metals in urine, 8310
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 42, 1984
NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens,2016:Known to be a human carcinogen
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID189
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID206

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health