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Pyrethrum

RTECS #
UR4200000
CAS #
8003-34-7
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
June 2018
Molecular Weight
N/R
Molecular Formula
N/R
Synonyms
Buhach
Chrysanthemum cinerareaefolium
Cinerin I or II
Dalmation insect flowers
Firmotox
Insect powder
Jasmolin I or II
Prentox pyrethrum extract
Pyrenone
Pyrethrin I or II
Pyrethrins
Pyrethrum (ACGIH:OSHA)
Pyrethrum (insecticide)
Pyrethrum powder other than pyrethrins
Pyrocide
Pyronyl
Trieste flowers

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/rat 500 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)JTEHD6 10,111,1982

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intracerebral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2500 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,114,2001
intraperitoneal/guinea pig lowest published lethal dose: 50 mg/kgBehavioral: Excitement

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation
PSEBAA 34,135,1936
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 25 mg/kgBehavioral: Excitement

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation
PSEBAA 34,135,1936
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 333 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,114,2001
intraperitoneal/pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 102 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,114,2001
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 189 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,114,2001
intravenous/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 7 mg/kgWRPCA2 3,28,1964
oral/child lowest published lethal dose: 750 mg/kgCMEP** -,1,1956
oral/guinea pig lowest published lethal dose: 1 gm/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
PSEBAA 34,135,1936
oral/human lowest published lethal dose: 1 gm/kg85GYAV -,142,1971
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lethal dose (50 percent kill): 250 mg/kgAMIHAB 14,178,1956
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 370 mg/kgBehavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Excitement

Behavioral: Ataxia
EVHPAZ 14,15,1976
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 285 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,114,2001
oral/pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1500 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,114,2001
oral/quail lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2000 mg/kgBehavioral: Altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
HBPTO* 1,114,2001
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 200 mg/kgGUCHAZ 6,442,1973
parenteral/chicken lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1565 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,114,2001
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 300 mg/kgEVHPAZ 14,109,1976
skin/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1350 mg/kgYKYUA6 37,1481,1986
subcutaneous/frog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5.8 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,114,2001
unreported route/domestic bird lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5620 ppmHBPTO* 1,114,2001

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4600 mg/kg/23D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
TXAPA9 24,298,1973
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2800 mg/kg/7D- continuousLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes
TOXID9 72,89,2003
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1050 mg/kg/7D- continuousLiver: Other changes

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Endocrine: Changes in thyroid weight
TOXID9 72,89,2003
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2800 mg/kg/7D- continuousEndocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
TOXID9 72,89,2003
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2954 mg/kg/7D- continuousEndocrine: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
TXAPA9 214,253,2006
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5908 mg/kg/14D- continuousEndocrine: Changes in thyroid weightTXAPA9 214,253,2006
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 95.2 mg/kg/14D- continuousEndocrine: Other changesTXAPA9 214,253,2006

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 5 mg/m3DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 134,3,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWBPCEM* 17,237,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 47,1406,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 26,231,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 307,3,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTIVIEQ 34,321,2016

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATIONFEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDESCancelledRBREV* -,205,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3DTLVS* 3,219,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypttime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 1 mg/m3, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 1 mg/m3, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ECtime-weighted average 1 mg/m3, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 5 mg/m3, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 20 mg/m3, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 1 mg/m3, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3;short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, sen, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 5 mg/m3, inhal, sen, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILANDtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 5 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOMtime-weighted average 1 mg/m3, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 5 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 5 mg/m3CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 5 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 5 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO PYRETHRUM-air10H time-weighted average 5 mg/m3NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 65070; Number of Industries 7; Total Number of Facilities 1031; Number of Occupations 11; Total Number of Employees Exposed 11296; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1537
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 65070; Number of Industries 10; Total Number of Facilities 1081; Number of Occupations 7; Total Number of Employees Exposed 4375

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Pyrethrum, 5008
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID-70
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018