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Methane, bromo-

RTECS #
PA4900000
CAS #
74-83-9
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
December 2018
Molecular Weight
94.95
Molecular Formula
CH3Br
Synonyms
Bercema
Brom-methan (German)
Brom-O-Gas
Bromometano (Italian)
Bromomethane
Brom-O-Sol
Bromure de methyle (French)
Bromuro di metile (Italian)
Broommethaan (Dutch)
Celfume
Curafume
Dawson 100
Detia gas EX-M
Dowfume MC-2
Dowfume MC-2 soil fumigant
Dowfume MC-33
Embafume
Fumigant-1 (Obs.)
Halon 1001
Haltox
Iscobrome
Kayafume
Metafume
Methogas
Methyl bromide
Methyl bromide (ACGIH:OSHA)
Methylbromid (German)
Metylu bromek (Polish)
Monobromomethane
Pestmaster (Obs.)
Profume (Obs.)
R 40B1
RCRA waste number U029
Terabol
Terr-O-Cide II
Terr-O-Gas 100
Terr-O-Gas 67
Zytox

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysislymphocyte/human95 mg/LTCMUD8 10,21,1990
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster0.05 pph/6H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 652,122,2008
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster0.1 pph/6H (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 652,122,2008
micronucleus testinhalation/rat338 ppm/6H/14D- intermittentMUREAV 164,269,1986
micronucleus testinhalation/mouse100 ppm/6H/14D- intermittentNTPTR* NTP-TR-385,1992
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/mouse300 µg/LMUREAV 155,41,1985
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium400 ppm (+enzymatic activation step)DHEFDK FDA-78-1046,1978
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium5000 mg/m3 (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 116,185,1983
mutation in microorganisms/Klebsiella pneumoniae4750 mg/m3 (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 155,41,1985
other mutation test systems/Salmonella typhimurium3 pphENMUDM 9,171,1987
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctioninhalation/Drosophila melanogaster150 mg/m3/6HMUREAV 113,272,1983
sister chromatid exchangeinhalation/mouse200 ppm/6H/14D- intermittentNTPTR* NTP-TR-385,1992
sister chromatid exchangelymphocyte/human43000 ppmENMUDM 7(Suppl 3),48,1985
sister chromatid exchangelymphocyte/human5 mg/LTCMUD8 10,21,1990
specific locus testinhalation/Drosophila melanogaster8 mg/L/1H-continuousMUREAV 192,131,1987

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/rat 300 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on femaleFCTOD7 36,421,1998
oral/rabbit 130 mg/kg (6-18D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on femaleFCTOD7 36,421,1998

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 30 ppm/6H/2.5Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors
NTIS** OTS0559186
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3250 mg/kg/13W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Peritonitis

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
TXAPA9 72,262,1984

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/child Lowest published lethal concentration: 1 gm/m3/2HBlood: Change in clotting factorsNHOZAX 23,241,1969
inhalation/guinea pig Lowest published lethal concentration: 300 ppm/9HBehavioral: Muscle weakness

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis)

Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair
XPHBAO 185,1,1929
inhalation/guinea pig Lowest published lethal concentration: 1200 mg/m3/9HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesVCVGH* -,575,1990
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 35 ppmBehavioral: Anorexia (human)

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Skin: After topical application: Corrosive
INMEAF 11,575,1942
inhalation/human Lowest published lethal concentration: 30000 mg/m3VCVGH* -,575,1990
inhalation/man Lowest published lethal concentration: 60000 ppm/2HBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting
BJIMAG 2,24,1945
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 800 mg/m3Behavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,574,1990
inhalation/mouse Lowest published lethal concentration: 5200 mg/m3Behavioral: AtaxiaVCVGH* -,574,1990
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1540 mg/m3/2HVCVGH* -,574,1990
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 4680 mg/m3/1HVCVGH* -,574,1990
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1700 ppm/30MENTOX* -,71,2005
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 405 ppm/4HENTOX* -,71,2005
inhalation/rabbit Lowest published lethal concentration: 1000 mg/m3/30MVCVGH* -,575,1990
inhalation/rabbit lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 28900 mg/m3/30MFATOBP 8,140,1973
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 302 ppm/8HBehavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease
TXAPA9 81,183,1985
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2250 mg/m3/2HVCVGH* -,575,1990
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2833 ppm/30MENTOX* -,71,2005
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 302 ppm/8HENTOX* -,71,2005
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 313 mg/kgVCVGH* -,572,1990
oral/Dog lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kgCardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease
NTIS** OTS0528834
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 214 mg/kgTXAPA9 72,262,1984
skin/human lowest published toxic dose: 35 gm/m3/40M- intermittentSkin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, irritativeARDEAC 124,917,1988
subcutaneous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 135 mg/kgINHEAO 26,101,1988

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/guinea pig lowest published toxic concentration: 850 mg/m3/8H/26W- intermittentPeripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea
JIHTAB 22,218,1940
inhalation/monkey lowest published toxic concentration: 250 mg/m3/8H/26W- intermittentPeripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
JIHTAB 22,218,1940
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/6H/14D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNTPTR* NTP-TR-385,1992
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 120 ppm/6H/13W- intermittentBehavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
NTPTR* NTP-TR-385,1992
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 160 ppm/6H/6W- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Endocrine: Other changes

Blood: Changes in spleen
FAATDF 11,594,1988
inhalation/rabbit lowest published toxic concentration: 130 mg/m3/8H/26W- intermittentPeripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis)

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
JIHTAB 22,218,1940
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 120 ppm/6H/13W- intermittentBlood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
NTPTR* NTP-TR-385,1992
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 150 ppm/6H/5D- intermittentBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Amino acids (including renal excretion)
TXAPA9 112,120,1992
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 160 ppm/6H/6W- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Cardiac: Other changes
FAATDF 11,594,1988
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 300 ppm/4H/3W- intermittentBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Ataxia

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
TOLED5 6,293,1980
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 290 ppm/4W- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes
NRTXDN 28,252,2007
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 21840 mg/kg/2Y- continuousKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
FCTOD7 28,109,1990

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 1 ppm (skin)DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 41,187,1986
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 71,721,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Inadequate EvidenceIMEMDT 41,187,1986
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Inadequate EvidenceIMEMDT 71,721,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 3IMEMDT 71,721,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 134,3,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 21,93,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCHHSA* 9,6,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,71,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOPADD 33,517,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHUTOX* -,561,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHUTOX* -,577,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,251,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 47,1287,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 590,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNEUCL* 23,377,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNTAPM* -,239,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNTAPM* -,629,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 26,19,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWREPTED 31,392,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 254,100,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 763,294,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 307,3,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 307,123,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 268,157,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 31,347,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 54,247,2009

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATIONFEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDESSupportedRBREV* -,132,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 15 ppm (60 mg/m3) (skin)DTLWS* 3,23,1973
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypttime-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 5 ppm (19 mg/m3), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 5 ppm (19 mg/m3), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 10 ppm (39 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYtime-weighted average 10 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPANOccupational Exposure Limit 1 ppm (3.89 mg/m3), skin, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 15 ppm (20 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 15 ppm (60 mg/m3) (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 5 ppm (19 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 1 ppm (4 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 5 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 40 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAtime-weighted average 1 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 3 mg/m3, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENtime-weighted average 5 ppm (19 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), Skin, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 1 ppm (3.9 mg/m3), KZG-week 2 ppm (7.8 mg/m3), JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILANDtime-weighted average 20 ppm (80 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 1 mg/m3, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 20 ppm (80 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 20 ppm (80 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOMtime-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 15 ppm (59 mg/m3), skin, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)ceiling concentration 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)ceiling concentration 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)ceiling concentration 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)ceiling concentration 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO METHYL BROMIDE-airCarcinogen lowest feasible concentrationNIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code M0420; Number of Industries 4; Total Number of Facilities 513; Number of Occupations 5; Total Number of Employees Exposed 5603; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 975
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code M0420; Number of Industries 10; Total Number of Facilities 597; Number of Occupations 14; Total Number of Employees Exposed 15899

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/93/110682/AS)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0493-8835
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (inhal);no evidence:mouse
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Methyl bromide, 2520
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 43, 1984
On EPA IRIS database
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018