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Coumarin, 3-(alpha-acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxy-

RTECS #
GN4550000
CAS #
81-81-2
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
308.35
Molecular Formula
C19H16O4
Synonyms
(Phenyl-1 acetyl-2 ethyl) 3-hydroxy-4 coumarine (French)
1-(4'-Hydroxy-3'-coumarinyl)-1-phenyl-3-butanone
2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)- (9CI)
3-(1'-Phenyl-2'-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin
3-(Acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin
3-(alpha-Acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin
3-(alpha-Phenyl-beta-acetylaethyl)-4-hydroxycumarin (German)
3-(alpha-Phenyl-beta-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin
4-Hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-fenyl-butyl) cumarine (Dutch)
4-Hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one
4-Hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenyl-butyl)-cumarin (German)
4-Idrossi-3-(3-oxo-1-fenil-butil)-cumarine (Italian)
Arab Rat Deth
Athrombine-K
Athrombin-K
Brumolin
Compound 42
CO-Rax
Coumadin
Coumafen
Coumafene
Coumarins
Coumefene
Cov-R-Tox
d-Con
Dethmor
Dethnel
Eastern states duocide
Fasco fascrat powder
Kumader
Kumadu
Kypfarin
Latka 42 (Czech)
Liqua-tox
Mar-frin
Martin's mar-frin
Maveran
Mouse pak
Rat & mice bait
Rat-B-gon
Rat-Gard
Rat-Kill
Rat-Mix
Rat-O-cide #2
Rat-ola
Ratorex
Ratoxin
Ratron
Ratron G
Rats-No-More
Rat-Trol
Rattunal
RCRA waste number P001
Rodafarin
Ro-Deth
Rodex blox
Rough & ready mouse mix
Solfarin
Spray-trol brand roden-trol
Temus W
Twin light rat away
Vampirinip II
Vampirinip III
W.A.R.F. 42
Warf compound 42
Warfarat
Warfarin
Warfarin (ACGIH:OSHA)
Warfarin plus
Warfarin Q
Warfarine (French)
Warficide
Zoocoumarin (Russian)

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intramuscular/woman 12 mg/kg (27-31W pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathJMSHAO 26,562,1959
intramuscular/rabbit 10 mg/kg (8-28D pregnant)Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Stillbirth
BLOOAW 36,623,1970
intravenous/mouse 240 mg/kg (2-3D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)CCPTAY 3,279,1971
oral/woman 980 mg/kg (98-168D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)
JKMSEH 18,764,2003
oral/woman 28 mg/kg (1-20W pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system
ADCHAK 55,139,1980
oral/woman 8400 µg/kg (1-8W pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue)AJOGAH 127,191,1977
oral/woman 33600 µg/kg (1-32W pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Respiratory system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical
AJOGAH 127,191,1977
unreported route/woman 6450 µg/kg (27-33W pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathJMSHAO 26,562,1959

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Chicken, neurons Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 5170 µmol/L/21HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 7,653,1993
In Vitro/Chicken, neurons Inhibitor Concentration (10 percent kill): 2825 µmol/L/21HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 7,653,1993
In Vitro/Chicken, neurons Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 2263 µmol/L/20HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.TIVIEQ 7,653,1993
In Vitro/Chicken, neurons Inhibitor Concentration (10 percent kill): 610 µmol/L/20HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.TIVIEQ 7,653,1993
In Vitro/Human, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >200 µmol/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell metabolic activity: Alamar Blue assay etc.TIVIEQ 30,429,2015
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 894 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >250 µmol/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell metabolic activity: Alamar Blue assay etc.TIVIEQ 29,582,2015
In Vitro/Human, neuroblastoma Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 1030 mg/LIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Human, skin Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 126 mg/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 245 mg/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 469 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >100 µmol/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell metabolic activity: Alamar Blue assay etc.TIVIEQ 30,429,2015
In Vitro/mpeInhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >200 µmol/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTIVIEQ 25,1934,2011
In Vitro/paaInhibitor Concentration Low: 165 µmol/L/44HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTIVIEQ 27,1416,2013
In Vitro/Pig, spermatozoa Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >1000 µmol/L/30MIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTIVIEQ 29,582,2015
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 387 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 391 mg/L/20HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)TIVIEQ 5,543,1991
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 392 mg/L/20HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 5,543,1991
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 428 mg/L/20HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesisTIVIEQ 5,543,1991
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 269 mg/L/20HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.TIVIEQ 5,543,1991
In Vitro/Rat, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 784 mg/L/20HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)TIVIEQ 5,543,1991
In Vitro/Rat, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 639 mg/L/20HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 5,543,1991
In Vitro/Rat, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 809 mg/L/20HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesisTIVIEQ 5,543,1991
In Vitro/Rat, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 743 mg/L/20HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.TIVIEQ 5,543,1991
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 320 mg/m3GTPZAB 22(7),49,1978
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 750 mg/kgEJMCA5 30,531,1995
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 420 mg/kgTXAPA9 1,156,1959
intravenous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 165 mg/kg27ZIAQ -,274,1973
oral/cat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6 mg/kgDEVEAA 32,27,1978
oral/chicken lethal dose (50 percent kill): 942 mg/kgPeripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Blood: Hemorrhage
BECTA6 37,544,1986
oral/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3 mg/kgDEVEAA 43(255-256),20,1989
oral/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 180 mg/kgDEVEAA 32,27,1978
oral/human lowest published lethal dose: 6667 µg/kgYKYUA6 28,329,1977
oral/man lowest published toxic dose: 10200 µg/kgBlood: HemorrhageCMEP** -,1,1956
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3 mg/kgDEVEAA 43(255-256),20,1989
oral/pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 mg/kgDEVEAA 32,27,1978
oral/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 800 mg/kgDEVEAA 32,27,1978
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1600 µg/kgTXAPA9 11,327,1967
oral/woman lowest published toxic dose: 250 µg/kg/2D- intermittentVascular: Structural changes in vesselsAJEMEN 16,541,1998
oral/woman lowest published toxic dose: 15 mg/kg/21W- intermittentGastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from small intestine

Blood: Change in clotting factors
SMJOAV 75,242,1982
skin/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1400 mg/kgEye: Chromodacryorrhea

Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Hematuria
GTPZAB 22(7),49,1978
skin/rat lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kgBiochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TXCYAC 212,206,2005
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 800 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Food intake (animal)
TIVSAI 58,122,1977
unreported route/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 mg/kgYKYUA6 30,397,1979
unreported route/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 50 mg/kgYKYUA6 30,397,1979

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 16 mg/m3/4H/30D- intermittentBlood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
GTPZAB 22(7),49,1978
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg/2D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Blood: Change in clotting factors
TXAPA9 180,186,2002
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 mg/kg/3D- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: KTOXID9 44,106,2005
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg/2D- intermittentLiver: Other changesTXCYAC 225,128,2006
oral/Dog lowest published toxic dose: 12 mg/kg/6D- intermittentBlood: Change in clotting factors

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
YKYUA6 31,1385,1980
oral/human lowest published toxic dose: 4.35 mg/kg/15D- intermittentBlood: HemorrhageHBPTO* 1,60,2001
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lowest published toxic dose: 686 mg/kg/28D- continuousBehavioral: Food intake (animal)

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
AECTCV 16,357,1987
oral/man lowest published toxic dose: 12.9 mg/kg/24W- intermittentBlood: HemorrhageJTCTDW 46,765,2008
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 4.5 mg/kg/3D- intermittentBlood: Change in clotting factorsPYTOEY 19,177,2012
oral/pig lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg/5D- intermittentBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
AJVRAH 43,1387,1982
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 11250 µg/kg/90D- intermittentBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)TOLED5 1000(Suppl 1),141,1980
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 17800 µg/kg/10D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldESDBAK 32,251,1981
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.9 mg/kg/3D- intermittentBlood: Change in clotting factorsJPETAB 324,497,2008
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg/5D- intermittentBlood: Change in clotting factorsJOETD7 143,648,2012
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10800 µg/kg/30D- continuousBlood: Hemorrhage

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
FCTOD7 50,1499,2012
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1050 µg/kg/30D- continuousBlood: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Plasma proteins not involving coagulation
FCTOD7 50,1499,2012
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3.2 mg/kg/40D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldHBPTO* 1,60,2001
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 275.2 mg/kg/4D- continuousBehavioral: Food intake (animal)

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
VHTODE 43,327,2001

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWBJOPAL 64,633,1980
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAJHGAG 30,104A,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAJMEAZ 68,122,1980
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWVHTODE 43,353,2001
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTJADAB 66,127,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 488,151,2001
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTPHSDY 23,358,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWEMMUEG 43,143,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTPHSDY 24,589,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAPHRER 38,99,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAPHRER 38,2115,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAUIMR* 1,183,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWDIMON* 40,258,1994
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWDIMON* 39,678,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,461,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAPHRER 40,2101,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMJAUAJ 178,413,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHUTOX* -,561,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCOCPH* -,701,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHTCWA* 2,207,
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCCACL* 22,357,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWDERCL* 25,215,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 243,134,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCLPH* 22(Suppl 1),64,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 721,27,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 58,395,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 113,19,2018
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWSFDRA* 38,365,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWSFDRA* 38,379,2016

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATIONFEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDESRED CompletedRBREV* -,156,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3DTLVS* 3,279,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypttime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 0.1 mg/m3;KZW 0.5 mg/m3, inhal, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.3 mg/m3, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 0.1 mg/m3, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3;short term exposure limit 0.3 mg/m3, 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 0,1 mg/m3, JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAshort term exposure limit 0.001 mg/m3, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 0.0016 ppm (0.02 mg/m3), KZG-week 0.0128 ppm, inhal, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILANDtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 0.1 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO WARFARIN-air10H time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 76610; Number of Industries 6; Total Number of Facilities 446; Number of Occupations 8; Total Number of Employees Exposed 6131; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1874
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 76610; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 2535; Number of Occupations 5; Total Number of Employees Exposed 26783

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Warfarin, 5002
On EPA IRIS database
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018