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Mean Gestational Age, by Plurality --- United States, 2005
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3/07/2008
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ter gestation is
associated with poorer birth outcomes, long-term morbidity, and
higher infant mortality rates. The risk for shorter gestation is
greater with multiple births than singleton births. In 2005, the
mean gestational age for singletons was 38.7 weeks, compared
with 35.2 weeks for twins, 31.9 weeks for triplets, 29.8 weeks
for quadruplets, and 27.4 weeks for quintuplets and higher.
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Percentage of Adults Aged >18 Years Who Reported an Average of <6 Hours of Sleep per
24-Hour Period, by Sex and Age Group --- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 1985 and 2006§
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2/29/2008
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From 1985 to 2006, the
percentage of men and women who reported an average of <6 hours
of sleep per 24-hour period increased in all age groups. In
2006, for both men and women, the percentage of respondents
reporting <6 hours of sleep per 24-hour period was highest among
those aged 30--44 years and 45--64 years. The National Sleep
Foundation recommends 7--9 hours of sleep per 24-hour period for
adults (additional information available at
http://www.sleepfoundation.org).
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Mean Serum Total Cholesterol Level Among Adults Aged >20 Years, by Sex --- National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (NHANES), United States, 1999--2000 to 2005--2006 |
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2/15/2008
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From 1999--2000 to
2005--2006, the mean age-adjusted serum total cholesterol level
for all U.S. adults aged >20 years declined significantly
from 204 mg/dL to 199 mg/dL. The level among men decreased from
203 mg/dL to 195 mg/dL and among women decreased from 205 to 201
mg/dL. The Healthy People 2010 objective to reduce mean serum
cholesterol levels among adults to <200 mg/dL (objective 12-14)
was met in 2005--2006 for the overall adult population aged >20
years and for men but not for women. |
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Percentage of Women Who Gained >40 Pounds During
Pregnancy, by Race/Ethnicity of Mother --- United States, 1990, 2000, and 2005 |
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2/08/2008
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Since 1989, data on
weight gain of women during pregnancy have been collected on
U.S. birth certificates. Weight gain of >40 pounds during
pregnancy is not recommended for women having a singleton birth,
regardless of the woman's height and prepregnancy weight.
Excessive weight gain is associated with greater risk for
gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and other adverse conditions
during pregnancy and complications of delivery for both mother
and infant. From 1990 to 2005, the percentage of women overall
who gained >40 pounds increased from 15% to 20%; the percentage
who gained >40 pounds also increased among non-Hispanic white,
non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic women. Non-Hispanic white women
were more likely than non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women to
gain >40 pounds during pregnancy in 1990, 2000, and 2005. |
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Estimated Percentage of Office-Based Physicians Using Selected
Electronic Medical Record (EMR) Features --- National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, United States, 2006
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2/01/2008
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In 2006, approximately 29.2% of office-based physicians reported that
they used an EMR system, and use of specific EMR features varied substantially. EMR features providing clinical
reminders for guideline-based interventions or screening tests (13.1%) and public health reporting (6.6%)
were used less than other features. Only 12.4% of physicians used EMR systems with all four of the features
considered necessary for a minimally functional system (i.e., systems allowing for computerized orders for
prescriptions, computerized orders for tests, electronic viewing of test results, and electronic viewing of clinical notes). |
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Percentage of Nursing Home Facilities
Using Certain Strategies to Encourage Influenza Vaccination of Their Employees,
by Strategy Used --- National Nursing Home Survey, United States, 2004 |
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1/25/2008
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In 2004, the majority
(63%) of nursing homes reported <60% employees had received an
influenza shot last influenza season. In 2004, nursing homes
used different strategies to promote influenza vaccination among
employees. Three of these strategies (offering free
vaccinations, furloughing employees with influenza-like illness,
and requiring proof of vaccination) were significantly
associated with staff influenza vaccination rates >60%. Only 1%
of surveyed facilities did not use at least one of the
strategies. |
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Spina Bifida and Anencephaly Rates
--- United States, 1991, 1995, 2000, and 2005
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1/11/2008
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Neural tube defects
(NTDs) are serious birth defects of the brain (anencephaly)
and spine (spina bifida). Since 1992, a national health recommendation has called for women of childbearing age in the United States to consume 400 µg of folic acid daily to reduce their risk for having a pregnancy affected by NTDs. The spina bifida rate per 100,000 live births declined 25% from 1995 to 2000 and 13% from 2000 to 2005. The anencephaly rate declined 36% from 1991 to 1995 and was unchanged from 1995 to 2005.
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm. |
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Life Expectancy at Birth, by Race and Sex --- United States, 1970--2005
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1/04/2008
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Life expectancy
at birth reached a record high of 77.9 years in 2005 for the
total U.S. population. Disparities in life expectancy at birth
remain among the race/sex populations, although all populations
have had increases in life expectancy during the past decade.
Additional information regarding life expectancy is available at
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm. |
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Estimated Percentage of Women Aged >40 Years Who Received a Mammogram During the Preceding 2 Years,
by Poverty Status --- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2005 |
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12/21/2007
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In 2005,
approximately 67% of women aged >40 years reported they had
received a mammogram during the preceding 2 years. This
percentage increased with household income level and ranged from
49% for women categorized as poor to 72% for women categorized
as nonpoor. |
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Fetal Mortality Rates, by Race/Ethnicity of
Mother --- United States, 2004 |
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12/14/2007
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In 2004, a total of
25,655 fetal deaths at >20 weeks gestation were reported
in the United States, nearly as many as infant deaths (27,860).
The U.S. fetal mortality rate was 6.20 per 1,000 live births and
fetal deaths. The fetal mortality rate for non-Hispanic black
women (11.25) was approximately twice the rates for non-Hispanic
white (4.98), American Indian/Alaska Native (5.84),
Asian/Pacific Islander (4.77), and Hispanic women (5.43).
Additional information is available at
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/fetaldth/abfetal.htm.
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Percentage of Infant Deaths from Preterm-Related
Causes, by Race/Ethnicity --- United States, 2000 and 2004 |
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11/30/2007
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The percentage of
infant deaths from preterm-related causes increased from 34.6%
in 2000 to 36.5% in 2004. Nearly half (46.3%) of the deaths of
infants of non-Hispanic black mothers were preterm related in
2004, compared with 32.1% of the deaths of infants of
non-Hispanic white mothers and 33.4% of the deaths of infants of
Hispanic mothers. During 2000--2004, the percentage of infants
born preterm increased in the United States, from 11.6% of all
births in 2000 to 12.5% in 2004. |
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Estimated Percentage of Adults Aged >18
Years With Asthma, by Sex and Race/Ethnicity --- National Health
Interview Survey, United States, 2006
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11/16/2007
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In 2006, among
Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and non-Hispanic white adults,
women were more likely than men to have asthma. Overall,
Hispanics were less likely than non-Hispanic whites and
non-Hispanic blacks to have asthma. |
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Estimated Percentage of Patients Aged >45 Years Who Received Exercise
Counseling from Their Primary-Care Physicians, by Sex and Age Group --- National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital
Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, United States, 2003--2005 |
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11/02/2007
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During 2003--2005,
among separate age groups of male and female patients aged >45
years, men aged 45--54 years were most likely (22.1%) to receive
exercise counseling from their primary-care physician. Women
aged >75 years were least likely (9.2%) to receive
exercise counseling. For both men and women, the percentage of
patients who received exercise counseling generally decreased as
patient age increased. |
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Infant Mortality Rates for 10 Leading Causes of Infant Death ---
United States, 2005 |
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10/26/2007
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The three leading
causes of infant mortality (congenital malformations, disorders
related to short gestation and low birthweight, and sudden
infant death syndrome) accounted for approximately 43% of all
infant deaths in the United States in 2005. |
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Age-Adjusted Death Rates, by Race and Sex --- United States, 2005 |
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10/19/2007
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In 2005, black males had the highest age-adjusted death rate compared with females, white males, and all races. The higher rate for
black males reflects higher death rates for most of the leading causes of death. |
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Estimated Percentage of Adults with Daily
Activity Limitations, by Age Group and Type of Limitation --- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2006
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10/12/2007
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In 2006, adults aged >75 years were nearly three times as likely as those aged 65--74 years to require the help of another person in performing activities of daily living
(e.g., eating, dressing, or bathing) and instrumental activities of daily living
(e.g., household chores or shopping). |
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Percentage of Deaths from Malignant Neoplasms, by Sex and Type of
Cancer --- United States, 2004 |
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9/28/2007
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In 2004, lung cancer
was the leading cause of death from cancer both for men (31.3%
of all cancer deaths among men) and women (25.6% of all cancer
deaths among women). The second leading cause for women was
breast cancer (15.3%) and for men was prostate cancer (10.1%).
Colon cancer was the third leading cause of death from cancer
both for men (9.4%) and women (10.1%). |
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Estimated Percentage of Students Who Missed School
During the Preceding 12 Months Because of Illness or Injury, by Number of Days Missed --- National Health Interview Survey,
United States, 2006 |
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9/21/2007
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In 2006, an estimated
29% of students aged 5--17 years never missed a day of school
during the preceding 12 months because of illness or injury. The
majority (56%) missed 1--5 days, 10% missed 6--10 days, and
5% missed >11 days of school. |
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Death Rates from Poisoning, by State --- United States, 2004 |
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9/14/2007
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In 2004, poisoning
became the second leading cause of death by injury in the United
States following motor-vehicle traffic deaths. The state
age-adjusted poisoning death rate ranged from 4.6 to 19.4 per
100,000 population. States with the highest rates included West
Virginia (19.4), New Mexico (18.4), Utah (17.7), and Nevada
(17.3). Nine of ten poisoning deaths were caused by drugs, 7% by
inhalation of gases and vapors, 1% by alcohol, and 1% by other
substances. Poisoning deaths included deaths classified as
unintentional (69%), suicides (19%), deaths of undetermined
intent (11%), and homicides (0.3%). |
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Percentage of Persons with Untreated Dental Caries, by Age Group and Poverty Status
--- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), United States, 2001--2004 |
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8/31/2007
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During 2001--2004,
poor persons were at least twice as likely as nonpoor persons to
have untreated dental caries, regardless of age group. In each
age group, persons categorized as near poor also were more
likely than nonpoor persons to have untreated caries. |
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Prevalence of HPV Infection Among Sexually Active Females
Aged 14--59 Years, by Age Group --- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2003--2004 |
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8/24/2007
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Among sexually active
females (i.e., 57% of females aged 14--19 years and 97% of those
aged 20--59 years), the prevalence of HPV infection was highest
for those in the youngest age groups (i.e., approximately 40% in
those aged 14--19 years and 50% in those aged 20--24 years).
Prevalence declined substantially after age 24 years. |
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Prevalence of Complete Tooth Loss Among Older Adults,
By Age Group and Federal Poverty Level (FPL) --- National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey, 1988--1994 and 1999--2004 |
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8/17/2007
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The prevalence of
complete tooth loss (edentulism) was significantly lower
(p<0.05, by t test) for adults with a family income of
>200% FPL compared with those in lower income groups. The
prevalence of edentulism decreased between 1988--1994 and
1999--2004 for those in the 100%--199% and >200% FPL groups but
not for those in the <100% FPL group. |
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Percentage of Adults Aged >18 Years Who Reported Ever Being Tested for Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV), by Sex and Race/Ethnicity --- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2006 |
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8/10/2007
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Among both men and
women, non-Hispanic blacks (51.6% of men and 53.5% of women)
were more likely to report ever being tested for HIV than
Hispanics (35.7% of men and 46.1% of women) and non-Hispanic
whites (30.5% of men and 33.5% of women). Overall, women (37.8%)
were more likely than men (33.7%) to report ever being tested
for HIV. |
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Percentage of Adults Aged >18 Years Who Reported Some Form of Arthritis or a Related Condition,
by Sex and Race/Ethnicity --- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2006 |
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7/27/2007
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In 2006, women were
more likely than men to report having some form of arthritis or
a related condition. The prevalence was higher for non-Hispanic
white men (19.7%) than non-Hispanic black men (16.4%) and
Hispanic men (11.0%). Non-Hispanic black women (25.2%) and
non-Hispanic white women (24.2%) had comparable prevalence, but
both groups of women were more likely to report having some form
of arthritis or a related condition than Hispanic women (18.3%).
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Percentage Distribution of Hospitalizations for Types
of Respiratory Diseases Among Children Aged <15 Years --- National Hospital Discharge Survey, United States, 2005
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7/20/2007
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In 2005, approximately
one fourth of the 2.4 million hospitalizations for children aged
<15 years were for respiratory diseases, the largest category of
hospitalization diagnoses in this age group. Of these, 31% were
for pneumonia, 25% for asthma, 25% for acute bronchitis and
bronchiolitis, and 19% for other respiratory diseases, including
croup and chronic disease of tonsils and adenoids. |
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Rate of Hospitalizations for Coronary Atherosclerosis
and Acute Myocardial Infarction (MI), by Year --- National Hospital Discharge Survey, United States, 1996--2005
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7/06/2007
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During 1996--2005, the
hospitalization rate per 10,000 population decreased 25% for
acute MI (from 30.8 to 23.1 hospitalizations) and 15% for
coronary atherosclerosis (from 38.9 to 33.2). |
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Suicide and Homicide Rates
Among Adults Aged >18 Years, by Age Group --- National Vital
Statistics System, United States, 2002--2004
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6/29/2007
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During 2002--2004, the
average annual suicide rate (14.2 per 100,000 population) was
nearly twice as high as the rate of death by homicide (7.2 per
100,000 population) for adults aged >18 years. The
suicide rate was
higher than the homicide rate for all age groups except persons
aged 18--24 years. The difference between the suicide and
homicide rates among groups aged >25 years increased with
age; persons aged >85 years were
eight times as likely to die from suicide as homicide. |
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Percentage Distribution
of Blood Pressure Categories Among Adults Aged >18 Years, by Race/Ethnicity --- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 1999--2004
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6/22/2007
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Blood pressure
category varied substantially by race/ethnicity. Mexican
Americans and non-Hispanic whites were more likely to have
normal blood pressure compared with non-Hispanic blacks.
Conversely, higher percentages of non-Hispanic blacks had
hypertension stage 1 and hypertension stage 2 compared with
non-Hispanic whites and Mexican Americans. |
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Annual Diabetes Rate
Among Patients Discharged from Hospitals, by Year and Age Group
--- National Hospital Discharge Survey, United States, 1988--2005
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6/15/2007
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The rate of diabetes
among patients aged >65 years who were discharged from
hospitals was significantly higher than that for any other age
group and increased approximately 50% during 1988--2005. The
rate increased approximately 56% for patients aged 15--44 years
and 29% for those aged 45--64 years during this period. The rate
for patients aged <15 years did not change. |
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Estimated Percentage of Persons Who Delayed or Did Not Receive Medical
Care During the Preceding
Year Because of Cost, by Respondent-Assessed Health
Status --- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2005 |
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6/01/2007
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In 2005, approximately
7% of persons (21.7 million) delayed medical care during the
preceding year because of worry about the cost, and another 5%
(15.2 million) did not receive needed medical care because they
could not afford it. Persons whose health was assessed as fair
or poor were four to five times as likely as persons whose
health was assessed as excellent or very good to delay or not
receive needed medical care because of cost. |
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Assistance Used to Quit Smoking by
Adults Aged >18 Years During the Preceding 2 Years, by Type --- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2005 |
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5/25/2007
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Although many types of
assistance to quit smoking are available, support from family
and friends (25.9%) and nicotine patches (15.5%) were the most
commonly used types in 2005. Other types used less frequently
were prescription pills (7.4%); nicotine gum (6.7%); nasal
sprays, inhalers, or lozenges (3.7%); and books, pamphlets, or
videos (3.6%). |
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Respondent-Assessed Health Status
Among Persons Aged >25 Years, by Education Level --- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2005
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5/11/2007
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The percentage of
adults aged >25 years whose health was reported as excellent or
very good increased with education level. Persons with a
bachelor's degree or higher (74.9%) were nearly twice as likely
to be reported having excellent or very good health than persons
with less than a high school diploma (39.8%). Persons with less
than a high school diploma were most likely to be reported
having fair or poor health. |
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Percentage of Hospitals with Staff Members
Trained to Respond to Selected Terrorism-Related Diseases or Exposures --- National Hospital Ambulatory
Medical Care Survey, United States, 2003--2004 |
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4/27/2007
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During 2003--2004, the
percentage of hospitals with emergency department staff members
with bioterrorism-preparedness
training for certain related diseases or exposures varied from
52.3% for hemorrhagic fever to 86.0% for smallpox. |
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Percentage of All Live Births by Cesarean Delivery --- National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2005 |
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4/20/2007
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Preliminary data for
2005 indicate that 30.2% of all live births in the United States
were cesarean deliveries, marking the highest U.S. total
cesarean rate ever reported. Since 1996, the total cesarean rate
has increased by 46%, driven by both an increase in the
percentage of all women having a first cesarean and a decline in
the percentage of women delivering vaginally after a previous
cesarean. Cesarean rates vary considerably among states but tend
to be lower in the western mountain states and upper Midwest
region and higher in the Southeast and East regions. |
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Distribution of Births, by Gestational Age --- United States, 1990 and 2005 |
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4/13/2007
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The distribution of
births by gestational age changed between 1990 and 2005. The
percentage of preterm births (<37 completed weeks of gestation)
increased 20%, from 10.6% to 12.7%; the percentage of births at
37--39 weeks of gestation also increased, from 41.4% to 53.5%, a
29% increase. In contrast, the percentage of infants born at 40
weeks and especially 41 weeks of gestation declined (15% and
43%, respectively). |
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Percentage Change in Death Rates for the Leading Causes
of Unintentional Injury, by Mechanism of Injury --- United States, 1999--2004
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4/06/2007
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During 1999--2004,
age-adjusted unintentional injury death rates increased 6.8%,
from 35.3 per 100,000 population to 37.7. This increase was
attributed primarily to increases in rates from motorcycle
crashes, poisoning (including unintentional drug overdose), and
falls. Similar but smaller increases were observed for these
causes in 2003, thus the upward trend continued in 2004. |
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Percentage of Adults Aged 20--59 Years Who Reported Dermatitis
in the Preceding Year, by Sex and Race/Ethnicity --- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,
United States, 1999--2004
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3/30/2007
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During 2003--2005, the
percentage of children with hay fever increased with age;
children aged 10--17 years were nearly three times as likely to
have hay fever than children aged 0--4 years. In contrast, the
percentage of children with skin allergies decreased with age,
and the percentage of children with food allergies did not vary
with age. |
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Percentage of Adults Aged 20--59 Years Who Reported Dermatitis
in the Preceding Year, by Sex and Race/Ethnicity --- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,
United States, 1999--2004
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3/23/2007
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During 1999--2004,
approximately 14% of U.S. adults aged 20--59 years self-reported
dermatitis, eczema, or other red, inflamed skin rashes within
the preceding 12 months. A higher percentage of women reported
skin rashes than men (15.1% versus 12.8%), and a higher
percentage of non-Hispanic whites (15.7%) reported rashes than
Mexican Americans (8.1%) and non-Hispanic blacks (9.3%). |
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Percentage of Office-Based Primary-Care Physicians Who Did Not
Accept New Patients, by Expected Payment Source --- National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, United States, 2003--2004
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3/16/2007
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Although 94.2% of
primary-care physicians reported in 2003--2004 that they were
accepting new patients, acceptance varied by the patient's
expected payment source. Among the physicians, 43.0% did not
accept new charity cases, 29.3% did not accept new Medicaid
patients, and 20.3% did not accept new Medicare patients. Only
7.0% did not accept new patients who self-paid. |
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Percentage of Weekly Visits to Emergency Departments for Illness
and Injury by Patients Arriving via Ambulance, by Day/Night Period of Arrival --- United States, 2003--2004
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3/02/2007
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Percentages indicate
the proportion of weekly visits for illness or injury
distributed over 14 periods (day and night). Overall, persons
who arrive by ambulance at an emergency department (ED) are more
likely to do so because of illness (57%) than injury (43%).
However, on Saturdays, ambulances are more likely to bring
persons with injuries than illnesses, both during the day and at
night. Ambulance-transported patients account for approximately
15% of all ED visits and 16 million patients annually. |
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Life Expectancy at Age 65 Years, by Sex and Race
--- United States, 1999--2004 |
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2/23/2007
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During 1999--2004,
life expectancy at age 65 years increased by 1.0 year for the
overall U.S. population, 1.1 years for white men, 0.8 years for
white women, 0.9 years for black men, and 1.3 years for black
women. |
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Percentage of Trauma-Related Visits to Emergency Departments, by Transport Mode and Patient Age Group --- National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, United States, 2003--2004
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2/16/2007
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Ambulance use for
trauma patients increases with patient age. Among trauma
patients aged >75 years, approximately 41.4% were transported to
emergency departments by ambulance, compared with 17.5% of
patients aged 45--64 years and 6.5% of patients aged <15 years.
Additional information is available at
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/ahcd/ahcd1.htm. |
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Percentage of Children Aged <18 Years Who Currently Have Asthma,
by Race/Ethnicity and Poverty Status,§ National Health Interview Survey --- United States, 2003–2005 |
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2/09/2007
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During 2003--2005,
Puerto Rican children overall had a higher prevalence of asthma
than Mexican-American, non-Hispanic white, and non-Hispanic
black children. Differences in poverty status did not explain
the disparities
for Puerto Rican and non-Hispanic black children, two
populations that had higher asthma rates than non-Hispanic white
and Mexican-American children regardless of poverty status. The
reason for the higher rate
among Puerto Rican children overall is unknown. |
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Prevalence of Selected Unhealthy Behavior Characteristics Among Adults
Aged >18 Years, by Race --- National Health Interview Survey,
United States, 2002–2004 |
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2/02/2007
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The percentage of
adults with selected unhealthy behavior characteristics varied
by race during 2002–2004. Blacks and Asians had the lowest
prevalence of consuming five or more alcoholic drinks in a
single day; Asians also had the lowest prevalence of current
cigarette smoking and obesity. AIAN had among the highest
prevalences of consuming five or more drinks, current smoking,
and obesity. Generally, physical inactivity was the most
prevalent unhealthy behavior. |
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Percentage of Total Births That Were Preterm, by Gestational Age ---
United States, 1990 and 2005 |
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1/19/2007
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The proportion of
total births that were preterm increased from 9.7% in 1990 to
11.0% in 2005. Most of the increase was among births occurring
at 34--36 weeks (i.e., late preterm), which increased from 6.8%
to 8.1%.
Although late preterm infants are at lower risk for mortality
and long-term morbidity than other preterm infants, they are at
higher risk than those born later in pregnancy. |
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Birth Rates Among Females Aged 15--19 Years, by State --- United States, 2004
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1/05/2007
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Age of mother is a
predictor of maternal and infant health risk. Pregnant teens
aged 15--19 years are less likely to receive timely prenatal
care and gain appropriate weight and more likely to smoke during
pregnancy than pregnant women aged >20 years. These
factors are associated with poor birth outcomes. For example,
infants born to mothers who smoke during pregnancy are 65% more
likely to have low birthweight and 70% more likely to die in
infancy than infants born to nonsmokers. In 2004, the overall
U.S. birth rate for mothers aged 15--19 years was 41.1 births
per 1,000 females in that age group. Among states, rates ranged
from 62.6 (Texas) to 18.2 (New Hampshire). |
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Age-Adjusted Death Rates for Leading Causes of Injury Death, by Year --- United States, 1979--2004 |
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12/22/2006
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During 1979--2004, the
three leading causes of injury death in the United States were
motor-vehicle traffic, firearm, and poisoning (including drug
overdose). In 2004, for the first time since 1968, when such
data first became available, the number of reported poisoning
deaths (30,308) and the age-adjusted poisoning death rate (10.3
per 1000,000 population) exceeded the number of firearm deaths
(29,569) and the firearm death rate (10.0), respectively. During
1999--2004, the poisoning death rate increased 45%, whereas the
firearm death rate declined 3%; during the same period, no
change occurred in the rate (14.7) for motor-vehicle traffic
deaths. |
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Reasons for No Health Insurance Coverage Among Uninsured Persons Aged <65 Years --- National Health Interview Survey, United States, 20 |
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12/15/2006
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Overall, approximately
17% (41 million) of persons aged <65 years had no health
insurance at the time of interview. Of these, approximately one
half did not have coverage because of cost, and one fourth did
not have
coverage because of loss of a job or a change in employment.
Approximately 14% of uninsured persons did not have coverage
because their employer did not offer it or the insurance company
refused coverage, and 10% did not have coverage because of
cessation of Medicaid benefits. Less than 3% of persons without
health insurance did not have coverage because of a change in
marital status or death of a parent. |
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Percentage of Men Aged >40 Years with Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)
Levels of >2.5 and >4.0 ng/mL, by Race/Ethnicity --- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2001--2004 |
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12/08/2006
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Although screening for
prostate cancer using the PSA test is common, clinicians are
divided over whether the screening test is effective and whether
a lower PSA threshold should be used to refer patients for
prostate
biopsy to rule out cancer. A PSA level of >4.0 ng/mL is
the common threshold; however, certain researchers have
recommended lowering the level to >2.5 ng/mL. During
2001--2004, approximately 6.2% (3.6 million)of men aged >40
years in the United States had a PSA level of >4.0 ng/mL,
and approximately 13.1% had a PSA of >2.5 ng/mL. Differences among racial/ethnic groups tested were not statistically
significant. |
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Percentage of Persons Aged 22--44 Years at Increased Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection, by Race/Ethnicity
and Education --- National Survey of Family Growth, United States, 2002 |
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11/24/2006
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In 2002, although educational attainment was not related to HIV risk status
among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white persons aged 22--44 years, higher education was strongly
associated with lower HIV risk among non-Hispanic black persons. For example, 13.5% of black
college graduates were at increased risk for HIV, compared with 29.5% of blacks with less than
a high school education. Overall, 12.7% of men and 10.0% of women (a total of 10.6 million persons
aged 22--44 years) reported sexual or drug-related behaviors that placed them at increased risk for HIV. |
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Percentage of Persons Aged 22--44 Years at Increased Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection, by Race/Ethnicity
and Education --- National Survey of Family Growth, United States, 2002 |
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11/24/2006
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In 2002, although educational attainment was not related to HIV risk status
among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white persons aged 22--44 years, higher education was strongly
associated with lower HIV risk among non-Hispanic black persons. For example, 13.5% of black
college graduates were at increased risk for HIV, compared with 29.5% of blacks with less than
a high school education. Overall, 12.7% of men and 10.0% of women (a total of 10.6 million persons
aged 22--44 years) reported sexual or drug-related behaviors that placed them at increased risk for HIV.
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Prevalence of Overweight Among Persons Aged 2--19 Years, by Sex --- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), United States, 1999--2000 Through 2003--2004
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11/17/2006
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From 1999--2000 through 2003--2004, the prevalence of overweight among males and females increased from 14.0% to 18.2% and from 13.8% to 16.0%, respectively. By 2003--2004, approximately 12.5 million persons aged 12--19 years (17.1%) were overweight. Additional information regarding NHANES is available at
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm.
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Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults Aged >20 Years,
by Sex --- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), United States, 1999--2000 Through 2003--2004 |
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11/10/2006
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From 1999--2000
through 2003--2004, the prevalence of obesity among men
increased significantly from 27.5% to 31.1%. During the same
period, no significant change occurred among women, 33.2% of
whom were obese in 2003--2004. Additional information regarding
NHANES is available at
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm. |
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Percentage of Females Aged 15--44 Years Ever Treated
for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), by Selected Characteristics --- National Survey of Family Growth, United States, 2002 |
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11/03/2006
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In 2002, the
percentage of females aged 15--44 years reporting that they had
ever been treated for PID varied by age at first vaginal
intercourse and by number of male sex partners in the preceding
12 months. Higher prevalence of PID treatment was reported among
females who had their first vaginal intercourse at younger ages,
particularly <15 years, and among those who had greater numbers
of male sex partners in the preceding 12 months. |
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Percentage of Infants Born During 1990--1993 and 1997--2000 Who Were
Ever Breastfed, by Race/Ethnicity of Mother --- United States |
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10/27/2006
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The percentage of
infants ever breastfed increased from 55% among those born
during 1990--1993 to 67% among those born during 1997--2000,
bringing the levels of breastfeeding initiation closer to the
Healthy People 2010 objective of 75% among mothers in all
racial/ethnic groups. Substantial progress toward meeting this
goal has been observed among Hispanic (75%) and non-Hispanic
white (69%) mothers. In addition, breastfeeding initiation
nearly doubled among non-Hispanic black mothers, from 25% of
infants born during 1990--1993 to 47% of infants born during
1997--2000. |
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Median Serum Cotinine Levels in Nonsmokers,
by Age Group --- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), United States, 1988--1991 through 2001--2002 |
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10/20/2006
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Cotinine is a
metabolite only of nicotine. Among nonsmokers, the presence of
cotinine in serum indicates exposure to secondhand tobacco
smoke. From 1988--1991 through 2001--2002, median serum cotinine
levels decreased by 74% in children aged 4--11 years, 79% in
persons aged 12--19 years, and 83% in persons aged >20 years,
suggesting a substantial reduction in the exposure of the U.S.
population to secondhand tobacco smoke. |
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Percentage of Teens Aged 14--17 Years Who Used Indoor Tanning Devices
During the Preceding 12 Months, by Sex and Age --- United States, 2005 |
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10/13/2006
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The World Health
Organization recommends that no person aged <18 years use a
tanning bed because of the associated increased risk for skin cancer. In addition, CDC recommends that school programs to
prevent skin
cancer advise students to avoid using sunlamps and tanning beds.
Nonetheless, in 2005, 8.7% of teens aged 14--17 years used
indoor tanning devices. Girls aged 14--17 years were seven times
more likely to use these devices than boys in the same age
group. The use of indoor tanning devices increased with age from
14 to 17 years. |
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Age-Adjusted Death
Rates for the Five Leading Causes of Death --- United States,
2001--2004 |
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10/06/2006
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The five leading
causes of death account for approximately two thirds of all
deaths in the United States. The two leading causes of death,
heart disease and cancer, account for approximately half of all
deaths. Both heart disease and cancer death rates declined
substantially during 2001--2004. |
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Annual Rate of Visits to Office-Based Physicians and Hospital Outpatient Departments During Which Combination Estrogen-Progestin Hormone
Therapy Was Prescribed for Women Aged >40 years, by Age Group --- United States, 2001--2003 |
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9/29/2006
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From 2001 to 2003, the
overall rate of visits to physicians during which combination
estrogen-progestin hormone therapy was prescribed decreased by
44%. The decline was greatest among women aged >50 years.
In July 2002, the National Institutes of Health terminated a
clinical trial of combined hormone therapy (a component of the
Women’s Health Initiative) after investigators determined that
the associated health risks outweighed the benefits. |
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Percentage of Parents Who Were Married or Cohabiting at Birth
of First Child, by Race/Ethnicity and Sex --- United States, 2002 Survey |
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9/15/2006
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According to 2002
survey data, among non-Hispanic whites, the birth of the first
child occurred during marriage for 77% of males and 74% of
females. Among Hispanics, the birth of the first child occurred
during marriage for 52% of males and 54% of females, and, among
non-Hispanic blacks, it occurred during marriage for 37% of
males and 23% of females. |
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Percentage of Adults Who Engaged in Any Leisure-Time Strengthening
Activity, by Sex and Age Group --- United States, 2005 |
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9/8/2006
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In 2005, approximately
one fourth of all adults reported participating in any
leisure-time strengthening activity, a component of overall
physical fitness. Men were more likely than women to engage in
leisure-time strengthening activities. The percentage of adults
who engaged in these activities decreased with age, from 37%
among persons aged 18--24 years to 10% among persons aged >75
years. |
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Adolescent Death Rates, by Race/Ethnicity and Sex ---
United States, 2001--2003 |
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9/1/2006
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During 2001--2003,
AI/AN and non-Hispanic black male adolescents had higher average
annual death rates than males in other racial/ethnic
populations. Among female adolescents, AI/ANs had a higher death
rate than any other population. In each racial/ethnic
population, males had higher adolescent death rates than
females. |
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Percentage of Persons With Current Asthma Who Used Inhaled
Medication During the Preceding 3 Months, by Medication Type and Symptom Severity Level --- United States, 2003 |
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8/25/2006
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In 2003, approximately
two thirds of persons with current asthma used one or more
inhaled medications during the preceding 3 months, and the
proportion using inhaled medications increased with levels of
symptom severity. Approximately half of all respondents with
asthma used a B2A-S rescue inhaler, one third used an inhaled
corticosteroid, and one fifth used a B2A-L inhaler. Each symptom
severity level had a similar pattern of inhaled medication
use. |
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Diabetes Death Rate for Hispanics Compared with
Non-Hispanic Whites --- United States Versus Counties
Along the U.S.-Mexico Border, 2000--2002 |
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8/18/2006
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During 2000--2002, the
age-adjusted diabetes death rate for Hispanics was 64.5% higher
than for non-Hispanic whites in the United States. The
difference was even greater in counties near the U.S.-Mexico
border, where the age-adjusted rate for Hispanics was nearly
three times the rate for non-Hispanic whites. |
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Annual Rate of Nonfatal, Medically Attended Fall Injuries Among
Adults Aged >65 Years --- United States, 2001--2003
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8/11/2006
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During 2001--2003, the
annual rate of nonfatal, medically attended fall injuries for
adults aged >65 years was 52 per 1,000 population. Adults
aged >85 years had the highest rates of injuries from
falls; in that age group, rates were similar for men and women.
However, among adults aged 65--74 years and 75--84 years, the
rate of fall injuries was higher for women than men. |
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Number of Persons with Diagnosed Diabetes and Number of Ambulatory
Care Visits Related to Diabetes --- United States, 1997--2004
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8/04/2006
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Whereas the estimated
number of persons in the United States increased by
approximately 8% during 1997--2004, the number of persons with
diabetes in the United States increased by approximately 50%,
from 10.1
million in 1997 to 15.2 million in 2004. The estimated number of
diabetes-related visits to physician offices and hospital
outpatient departments also increased by approximately 41%
during this period. |
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Percentage of Adults with Self-Assessed Symptoms
of Serious Psychological Distress, by Sex and Race ---
United States, 2000--2004
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7/28/2006
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During 2000--2004,
American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults were most likely to
have self-assessed symptoms of serious psychological distress,
and Asian adults were least likely. Overall, the percentage was
highest for AI/AN women, who were at least twice as likely as
white women and black women and nearly four times as likely as
Asian women to have self-assessed symptoms of serious
psychological distress. AI/AN men
were more than three times as likely as Asian men to have
symptoms. |
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Percentage of Older Adults Who Engaged in Regular Leisure-Time Physical Activity, by Age Group and Sex --- United States, 2000--2003
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7/21/2006
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During 2000--2003, men
aged >55 years were more likely than women in the same age group
to engage in regular leisure-time physical activity. For both
men and women, prevalence of regular activity was nearly the
same for adults aged 55--64 and 65--74 years, declined among
those aged 75--84 years, and declined further among those aged
>85 years. Among adults aged >85 years, approximately one in 10
men and one in 20 women engaged in regular leisure-time physical
activity. |
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Rate of Hospitalization for Depression Among Persons Aged 5--19 Years,
by Sex --- United States, 1990--1992 and 2002--2004 |
|
7/07/2006
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From 1990--1992 to
2002--2004, the rate of hospitalization for depression increased
approximately 81% for females aged 5--19 years, to 27.8 per
100,000 population. The rate for young females was nearly twice
that for young males during 2002--2004. |
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Percentage Change in Death Rates for the Leading Causes
of Unintentional Injury, by Mechanism of Injury --- United States, 1999--2003 |
|
6/30/2006
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During 1999--2003,
unintentional injury mortality increased 5.4%. Increases in
mortality rates from motor vehicle traffic, poisoning, and fall
exceeded declines in mortality rates from suffocation/choking,
fire/burn, and drowning. The 0.7% increase in the motor vehicle
injury rate resulted from a 50.0% increase in motorcycle-related
injury. |
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Infant Mortality Rates, by Maternal Race/Ethnicity --- United States, 1995 and 2003 |
|
6/23/2006
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Infant mortality rates
decreased significantly (p<0.05, z test) in the United States
from 1995 to 2003. The rate for non-Hispanic black mothers was
significantly higher than for all other groups for both years;
the rate for American Indian/Alaska Native mothers was
significantly higher than for non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics,
and Asians/Pacific Islanders for both years. |
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Percentage of Adults Aged >20 Years Reporting Selected Adverse
Health Characteristics, by Body Mass Index (BMI) Category --- United States, 1999–2002 |
|
6/16/2006
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Obese persons were
significantly (t test, p<0.05) more likely to report fair or
poor health and activity limitation and to make >10 visits
during the preceding 12 months to health-care providers than
persons of normal weight or those who were overweight.
Overweight persons had slightly higher rates of fair/poor health
than persons of normal weight but reported no differences in
activity limitation or frequency of health-care visits. |
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Life Expectancy at Birth, by Sex --- Selected Countries, 2001 |
|
6/09/2006
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In 2001, life
expectancy (LE) at birth ranged from a low of 59.1 years for
Russian males to a high of 84.9 years for Japanese females. LE
for males in the United States ranked 26th among 37 countries
(74.4 years) and for females ranked 25th (79.8 years). The
greatest difference in LE between sexes was observed in Russia
(13.2 years). The smallest LE difference between sexes was in
Costa Rica (4.3 years). |
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Percentage of Persons Aged 18--49 Years with HIV Infection,
by Age Group and Race/Ethnicity --- United States, 1999--2002 |
|
6/02/2006
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During 1999--2002, the
seroprevalence of HIV was 0.37% among persons aged 18--39 years
and 0.54% among persons aged 40--49 years. Among persons aged
18--49 years, the highest percentage of HIV infection
(3.58%) was among non-Hispanic blacks aged 40--49 years. These
prevalences likely are underestimates of HIV infection because
the survey sample is the U.S. household population and excluded
homeless persons and those in
institutions, who might be at higher risk for infection. |
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